OBESITY

DIET AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

PRESENTED BY:
NOORA S. MAHDI
 Objectives
Obesity
Cause of Obesity
Case Study
Physical Activity
Diet Therapy
Summary
References
Questions
 Obesity
 Definition: excessive weight that may impair health

 How do we measure If someone is obese?

 Body Mass Index (BMI) weight (kg)/ height squared (m2).

 BMI Categories:
 CAUSE OF OBESITY
 SIMPLE EQUATION…WHEN YOU EAT MORE THAN YOU USE…IT IS STOED IN YOUR
BODY AS “FAT”.

 Energy imbalance over a long period of time.

 Energy in > Energy out.
 Excess calories and lack of physical activity.
 Less nutrients.
Energy balance is like
 Genetics play a role. a scale. When
calories consumed
are greater than
calories used, weight
gain is the result.
 Case Study

OBESITY IN THE UNITED STATES:

 Approximately 66% of U.S. adults are overweight or obese.

 Theobesity rate increased from the late 1970’s to 2003 from 15 to

nearly 33 percent.
 Obesity in the U.S.A
 Obesity is further divided into three separate classes, with Class III obesity being the most
extreme of the three.
 What does obesity do to our bodies?
 With more people gaining too much weight, there are health issues to consider

• Heart Disease
The world’s number #1 cause of death
Kills 17 million each year around the world
Heart attack
Stroke

• Diabetes
Becoming global epidemic
WHO projects diabetes will increase by 50% across the world
Weight Loss Strategies

Physical Activity
&
Diet Therapy
 Physical Activity

 Contributes to weight loss.

 Helpful for the prevention of overweight and obesity.

 Studies show that majority of Americans

are too sedentary.
 Due to:
 Increased use of technology.
 Increased use of automobiles.
 How Many Calorie Am I Burning?

Calories burned/hour of activity

Activity 100 lb 150 lb 200 lb
Bicycling, 6 mph 160 240 312
Bicycling, 12 mph 270 410 534
Jogging, 7 mph 610 920 1,230
Jumping rope 500 750 1,000
Running, 5.5 mph 440 660 962
Running, 10 mph 850 1,280 1,664
Swimming, 25 yds/min 185 275 358
Swimming, 50 yds/min 325 500 650
Tennis singles 265 400 535
Walking, 2 mph 160 240 312
Walking, 3 mph 210 320 416
Walking, 4.5 mph 295 440 572
 Diet Therapy

 Meal Pattern and Frequency

 Portion Control
 Diet Composition
 High fiber, low fat
 Higher Protein
 Low carbohydrate choices
 Monitoring and Recording
 Diet Therapy Strategies

 Meal Frequency
 One meal a day, 2 or 5 small meals a day (Snacks)
 Breakfast!
 Adults who skip breakfast are more likely to have a higher body
mass index.
 Eating breakfast was also associated with reducing the amount of
weight gained over time.
 Diet Therapy Strategies

 Portion Control
 Increased success with losing weight and
keeping it off with the use of portion control
methods.
 Portion control plates, ramekins, portioned
snacks.
 Commercially packaged meals.
 Summary

 Obesity has been become an endemic in most countries of

the Region
 Change in food habits and lack of physical activity are the
main factors responsible for high prevalence of obesity
 References
 Bellanger T, Bray G. Obesity related morbidity and mortality. J La State Med Soc. 2005; 156: S43-49.
 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and
Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Available at:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/ob_exsum.pdf
 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). Choosing a Safe and Successful
Weight-loss Program. Available at: http://win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/choosing.htm
 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). Weight Loss for Life. Available at:
http://win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/for_life.htm
 Warburton D, Nicol C, Bredin S. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. 2006; CMAJ; 174(6): 801-809.
 Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005. Available at:
http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2005/recommendations.htm
 American Heart Association (AHA). Physical Activity Calorie Use Chart. Available at:
http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=756
 American Cancer Society (ACS). Exercise Counts. How Many Calories Will Your Activity Burn? Available at:
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/PED/content/PED_6_1x_Calorie_Calculator.asp
Thank You