Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Tandem Axle
Tridem Axle
4
Lx
LS = 80kN, 8.16 tonne,
18,000 lb
LS
4 4
1.5 Lorry 9 tonnes 9
Car 1.5 tonne
8.16 8.16
0.00114 1.48
4
4 26
18
8.16
8 . 16
103.07
23.67 Bus 18 tonnes Trailer 26 tonnes
BFC 31802 HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
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Seepage
from ///////////////////////////
highlands Water ponding
PROCEDURE:
Pc
Vo ADT 365 D L
100
where ADT = average daily traffic
Pc = percentage of commercial vehicles
D = directional distribution (usually 0.50)
L = lane distribution (usually 1.00)
Total Number of Commercial Vehicles per direction, Vc
Vo [(1 r ) x 1]
Vc
r
where r = traffic growth rate
x = design life
Check C > Vx
If C > Vx capacity will not be exceeded at the end of the design period (OK)
If C < Vx capacity will be exceeded by the end of the design period (not OK)
Percentage of 51 –
0 – 15% 16 – 50%
selected heavy 100%
goods vehicles
Type of road Local Trunk
3.0 3.7
Equivalence Factor 1.2 2.0
Table 3.6: Maximum Road Type Passenger Vehicle Unit
Hourly Capacity under per hour
ideal conditions
Multilane 2000 per lane
Two Lanes (bothways) 2000 total for bothways
Three Lanes (bothways) 4000 total for bothways
Crushed
Subbase 30% 0.25
aggregate
Cement
60% 0.28
Stabilized
Table 3.10: Structural Layer Coefficient
Minimum
Type of Layer
Thickness
Wearing Course 4 cm
Binder Course 5 cm
Bituminous 5 cm
Base Course Wet Mix 10 cm
Cement Treated 10 cm
Granular 10 cm
Subbase
Cement Treated 15 cm
Table 3-11: Standard and Construction Layer Thickness
Standard
Type of Layer One layer lift
Thickness
Wearing Course 4-5 cm 4-5 cm
Binder Course 5-10 cm 5-10 cm
Bituminous 5-20 cm 5-15 cm
Base Course Wet Mix 10-20 cm 10-15 cm
Cement Treated 10-20 cm 10-20 cm
Granular 10-30 cm 10-20 cm
Subbase
Cement Treated 15-20 cm 15-20 cm
TA Total thick of
bituminous layer
Table 3.12: Minimum Thickness of
Bituminous Layer < 17.5 cm 5.0 cm
17.5 – 22.5 cm 10.0 cm
23.0 – 29.5 cm 15.0 cm
> 30.0 cm 17.5 cm