In presenting everything,

certain methods are

employed in order to be
effective. Just for example,
in presenting the art subject,
the artist uses different
methods to express the idea
he wants to make clear.


 3.
 4. Fau
 5. Dadaism
 6 .Futurism
 7. Surrealism
 In art this is the attempt to portray
the subject as it is.
 Realists try to be as objective as
possible.
 In realism, the artist’s main
function is to describe as
accurately and honestly as
possible what is observed
through the senses.
Realism is a common way
of presenting the art
subject. Example of this
are Amorsolo’s painting.
 Realism tended to stress
the daily life of a common
man, often concentrating
on the sordid and
disagreeable.
 Poetryand drama were
influenced by realism, but it
was on the novel that realism
achieved greatness
 In the process of selecting and presenting his
material, he cannot help being influenced by
what he feels or thinks.

 Examples of novels who were influenced by

the ideas of realism:
 1. Edgardo Reyes – Sa mga kuko ng liwanag.
 2. Efren Abueg - Dilim sa umaga.

 These are novels of social commentaries which

are realistically vivid and clearly presented.
 This is used when the artist becomes too
interested in one phase of a scene or a
situation that he does not show the subject
as an objective reality, but only his idea, or
his feeling about it.
 Abstract means “ to move away or
separate “. Abstract art moves away from
showing things as they really are. The
painter or artist paints the picture not as it
really are. The painter or artist paints the
picture not as it really looked. The picture is
not just like life. It is not “realistic”.
 In the field of sculpture, artists
began doing abstract
sculpture. They ignored the
exact form of real-life object.
They feel that the texture and
shape of a sculpture were
more important to them than
the exact form.
 Example: Constantin Brancusi’s
“Bird in
Space”
 Brancusi was so impressed by
the grace of a bird in flight, by
the sweep of its body as it
flew through the air, that
he represented those qualities
in his sculptural work. His work
does not look a bird for it is
supposed to
convey an impression of a
bird’s grace and speed.
 Constantin Brancusi’s
“Bird in
Space”
 Abstract subjects can also be
presented in many ways like:
 Distortion – this is clearly manifested
when the subject is in misshapen
condition, or the regular shape is
twisted out.
 Example: Henry Moore’s sculptural
works and the ancient egyptian
paintings and sculptural works are
good examples of this kind.
HENRY MOORE’S KING AND QUEEN
(DISTORTION)
 Elongation – it refers to that which is
being lengthened, a protraction or an
extension.
 Example: El Greco’s elongated body
of Jesus Christ in his “Resurrection” is
an example of elongation.
 Mangling – this may not be a
commonly used way of presenting an
abstract subject, but there are few
artists who show subject or objects
which are cut, lacerated, mutilated,
torn, hacked or disfigured.
RESURRECION
BY EL GRECO
MANGLING PAINTING
 Cubism – it stresses abstract from through the
use of a cone, cylinder, or sphere at the
expense of other pictorial elements. The
cubists want to show forms in their basic
geometrical shapes.
 Example: Paul Cezanne’s works played an
important part in the development of cubism.
It was further developed by George Braque of
France and Pablo Picasso of Spain.
 Abstract Expressionism – a style of abstract
painting that originated in New York city after
World War II and gained an international
vogue.
PAUL CEZANNE’S CUBISM
PAINTING
CRUCIFIXION BY ANG KIUKOK
(CUBISM PAINTING)
 The term abstract expressionism was first
applied to the New York school, whose
work is characterized by great verve, the
use of large canvases, and a deliberate
lack of refinement in the application of
the paint.
 Typical characteristics of abstract
expressionism:
 1. Strong Color
 2. Heavy Impasto
 3. Uneven brush strokes
 4. Rough textures
ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
Symbolism – a symbol, in
general, is a visible sign of
something invisible such as
an idea or a quality. It can
be simply an emblem or
sign like: % to represent
percent, a lion to represent
courage, a lamb to
represent meekness.
 But in poetry and painting, the
symbol has a freer development.
It transcends the everyday run-of-
the-mill sign and assumes a new
and fresh meaning, originating
from a highly personal and even
unique association form in the
mind of the poet or painters.
 Example: Alfred Lord Tennyson’s
“Crossing the Bar”
 The last two lines are
symbolical for it clearly shows
the strong desire of the
authors to see God when he
dies.
A number of indispensable painting of
noted Filipino painters are found in the
National Museum. An example is the
giant size painting of Juan Luna,
painted in Rome, July 1883 to March
1884. This say painting won the first
gold medal in the Madrid exposition
of the fine arts in 1884. The
“Spolarium” is an old painting on
canvas 4.25 meter by 7.75 meter.
 Thiswas first important art
movement of the 19th century
which emphasized
spontaneity and use of
extremely bright colors.
 Optimistic realism
FAUVISM
 A process  It developed in Italy
movement of arts about the same time
was formed in 1916 Cubism appeared in
by a group of artists France. Their
and poets in Zurich, paintings glorified
Switzerland. The the Mechanical
name “Dada” a energy of modern
French word life included
meaning “hobby automobile ,
horse”was motorcycle, and
deliberately choosen railroad.
because it was
nonsensical.
“Beyond realism”
It is presenting the subject
as if the subject does not
form part of the real world,
but belongs to the world of
dreams and fantasy.
 Subjects of this kind attempt to show what is
inside man’s mind as well as the
appearance of his outside world. The
surrealists claim to create forms and images
no primarily by reason, but by unthinking
impulse and blind feeling or even by
accident. Using this methods the surrealists
declare that a magical world - more
beautiful then the real one - can be created
in art and literature. Much of the beauty
sought by surrealism is violent and cruel. In
this way, the surrealists try to shock the viewer
or reader and show what they consider the
deeper and truer part of human nature.
Benjamin Mendoza, Bolivian painter, is well-
known in presenting violent and cruel
surrealists paintings
 Emotional realism
 It is presenting the real-life subject with the
intension to express emotions, pathos,
chaos, fear, violence, defeat, and
tragedy.
 It is a style of modern painting which puts
stress on intense color, agitated brush
work, and violent imagery to express
painful emotions, anxiety, and
hallucinatory states.
 Hindi ninyo nauunawaan ang kirot ng
paghihiwalay. Sol! ITO’Y KAMATAYAN! Araw-
araw umuupo sa bangketa, binabantayan
ang nagdaraang mga tao,
nagmamakaawa, nagpapalimos, Diyos ko!
PABAYAAN NAMAN NINYONG ILIGTAS KO
ANG AKING SARILI MULA SA PAGKABULOK!
Nabubulok na balat, nabubulok na kamay,
nabubulok na laman, nabubulok na ugat,
nabubulok na buto.

 This is one of the dialogues of Mang Serapio

from Dumol’s “Paglilitis ni Mang Serapio”
which expresses truth, life, or reality
 Impressionism

 It is realism based on the

artist’s impression.
 It is presenting the real-life
subject with emphasis on the
impression left in the artist’s
mind or perception.