Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Mitigation

Based On Local Wisdom In Padang

Putri Febri Wialdi

Roni Ekha Putra
Kusdarini
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of
Social Sciences Political Sciences
Andalas University
Natural disasters that occurred in Indonesia at the last time
become an interesting study for us to discuss.
Disasters are serious disruptions that occur in the community
causing widespread loss to be felt both materially and
environmentally by the community. Disasters can come from
nature or humans. One of the disasters coming from the surface
of the earth is the earthquake and tsunami.

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megathrust phenomenon

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BNPB reminded the people of West Sumatra,
especially the city of Padang and other coastal
areas to be alert and alert to megathrust related
phenomena. Megathrust itself is an earthquake
that has a large potential and high potential for a
tsunami.

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Disaster Risk Index in Indonesia

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• According to the graph, it can be seen that for Sumatra Island, Padang
City has a high level of risk for disasters, one of which is the
earthquake and tsunami. from several districts or cities in Indonesia.
• Because of the location of the city of Padang which is in the sub-zone
so that the city of Padang is an area that has a source of destructive
earthquakes.
• The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) considers that the
level of community and local government preparedness in responding
to natural disasters is still low and in the face of natural disasters is still
not optimal.
• Therefore, the community and the government must realize the
importance of disaster management, one of them is by implementing
disaster mitigation.

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Law Number 24 of 2007
Policy on Disaster Mitigation in Coastal
concerning Disaster Areas and Small Islands:
Management which
becomes the legal basis
for every disaster risk 1
Presidential Regulation No.
64 of 2010
reduction activity in
Indonesia that must be
Governor Regulation No.
carried out 2 of 2018 2
comprehensively
Require the Government and the
Community to Carry Out Disaster
Management and must include
Mitigation in the management of
coastal areas by including Social,
Economic, and Cultural aspects of
the Community

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• Mitigation is part of disaster management that is in the pre-disaster
stage in the disaster management cycle.
• Disaster mitigation is an effort or action taken by the government and
the community in reducing the impact caused by a disaster.
• To mitigate disasters can be done through 4 approaches according to
Soehatman Ramli:

01

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Theory of Disaster Mitigation According to
W.N.Charter

STRUCTURAL MITIGATION

efforts to minimize disasters

through the construction of
various physical infrastructure and
using a technological approach.
for example, making earthquake
detectors
DISASTER
STRUCTURAL NONSTRUCTURAL
MITIGATION BY MITIGATION
MITIGATION
W.N.CHARTER
Nonstructural Mitigation

efforts to reduce the impact of

disasters can be within the scope
of policy making efforts such as
making a regulation or increasing
public understanding.
• therefore a method is needed for the implementation of education and
training related to disaster mitigation to be more rooted and provide
maximum results in the formation of a culture of disaster mitigation.
because so far the government has only focused on technical, human and
administrative approaches in disaster mitigation. whereas in mitigating
disasters one must also take a cultural approach.
• then in Presidential Regulation No. 64 of 2010 concerning disaster
mitigation in coastal areas and small islands are required to mitigate using
aspects of community culture. as well as the governor's regulation No. 2 of
2018 regarding zoning plans for coastal areas and small islands of West
Sumatra.
• Padang city community has a method of local wisdom that has long been
implemented from generation to generation as a form of tradition in
resisting disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis. then they also have
an early warning system by means of reading natural conditions as a form
of early warning system based on local wisdom.

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• we can see from the news that BNPB has now begun to intensively
instruct the implementation of local wisdom-based disaster mitigation.
because Mentawai has many high places such as hills and forests that
have a height to be used as a natural shelter. and the government also
urges the public to be able to evacuate by looking at natural signs as an
early signing system, without waiting for government instructions in
advance
• then it is possible for the city of Padang to also implement local
wisdom based mitigation. considering that in the city of Padang there
are also hills that are used as natural shelters such as Padang Selatan
and Bungus Teluk Kabung
• the path to the shelter is very close so that it can be estimated that the
level of community safety in the event of a tsunami disaster is relatively
high if the community is able to evacuate independently to safer areas.

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• some Padang City people who live in coastal areas have a tradition of
rejecting disaster as a form of coastal community culture in resisting
the earthquake and tsunami.
• then also in the findings of researchers that some of the Padang City
people carry out local wisdom-based mitigation when a disaster
occurs, by directly evacuating to the hills where they are shelter by
reading natural signs as their early warning system
• However, in the implementation of Disaster Mitigation the people of
the two regions still lack education and training in disasters, so far
they have only been visited at home to attach stickers, and asked to
understand for themselves disaster management activities.

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• By doing mitigation based on local wisdom, the government places
the community and community groups as the main actors in disaster
management. According to Wiwik Ratna Kusumasari Community-
based disaster management can be realized if there is a mobilizing
figure, clear concepts, appropriate people's communication
language based on local cultural wisdom and information networks
that are easily accessible at any time
• therefore the efforts of various parties to implement mitigation
based on local wisdom are needed. for example by preparing
training and education materials that have aspects of local wisdom.
the formation of disaster-aware communities that come from
community groups

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 Thank You

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