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MICROCONTROLLER
Block Diagram Of MC68HC11
INTRODUCTION
• Motorola Inc ,one of the pioneers in
microcontroller manufacturing has introduced
this 8-bit microcontroller M68HC11 in the
year 1985 and it is descended from the
Motorola 6800 microprocessor. Now it is
produced by Freescale Semiconductors.
• It is a CISC microcontroller , optimized for
low power consumption and high-performance
operation.
Contd..
Port B (8 bits)
8 output pins with optional handshaking , Also used
as address in expanded mode (replaced by PRU)
Contd..
Port C (8 bits)
8 bidirectional pins with optional handshaking and
wired-or mode Also used as data/address in
expanded mode (replaced by PRU)
Port D (6 bits)
6 bidirectional pins (controlled by direction
register), Also used for asynchronous (SCI)
and synchronous serial (SPI) I/O
Port E (8 bits)
8 input pins , Also used for A/D converter
Contd..
• Port A has three fixed-direction input pins,
four fixed-direction output pins, and one
bidirectional pin. The direction of the PA7 pin
is controlled by the data direction register A
bit 7 control bit (DDRA7) in the pulse
accumulator control (PACTL) register. Port A
data is read from and written to the PORTA
register.
Ports B & PORT C
• Port B is a general-purpose, 8-bit, fixed-
direction output port. Writes to the port B
register (PORTB) cause data to be latched and
driven out of the port B pins.
• Port C is a general-purpose, 8-bit, bidirectional
I/O port. The primary direction of data flow at
each port C pin is independently controlled by
a corresponding bit in the data direction
control register for port C (DDRC).
PORT D
• Port D is a general-purpose, 6-bit, bidirectional data
port . Two port D pins are alternately used by the
asynchronous serial communications interface (SCI)
subsystem. The remaining four port D pins are
alternately used by the synchronous serial peripheral
interface (SPI) subsystem .
• The primary direction of data flow at each of the port
D pins is selected by a corresponding bit in the data
direction register for port D (DDRD).Port D can be
configured for wired-OR operation by setting the port
Dwired-OR mode control bit (DWOM) in the SPI
control register (SPCR).
PORT E
• Port E is an 8-bit, fixed-direction input port
PE7-PE0. Port E pins alternately function as
analog-to-digital (A/D) converter channel
inputs. Port E input buffers are specially
designed so they will not draw excessive
power-supply currents when their inputs are
driven by intermediate levels.
• The features of these ports are given in a table
in the next slide
Features of I/O Ports
• The MC68HC11 has 21 independent
interrupts . In this,6 are non- maskable and 15
are maskable . The three high priority
interrupts are RESET , HIRQ and IRQ .
TIMERS
• The MC68H11 has one 16-bit free-running 16-
bit counter with a 4-stage programmable pre-
scaler. A timer overflow function allows software
to extend the timing capability of the system
beyond the 16-bit range of the counter.
• Three independent input-capture functions are
used to automatically record (latch) the time when
a selected transition is detected at a respective
timer input pin. Five output-compare functions
are included for generating output signals or for
timing software delays.
Contd..
• The timer subsystem involves more registers
and control bits than any other subsystem on
the MCU. Each of the three input-capture
functions has its own 16-bit time capture latch
(input-capture register) and each of the five
output-compare functions has its own 16-bit
compare register. All timer functions,
including the timer overflow and RTI, have
their own interrupt controls and separate
interrupt vectors.
SELF PROTECTION
• All pins of M68HC11 have internal inherent
diode clamps to Vss .This MCU has certain
special internal circuit arrangements such that
the MCU can operate at VDD 7 volts with out
damage . The COP watch dog timer will
always provide protection from any
malfunction. The watch dog timer also
provides self protection to the MCU from
damage.
REFERENCES
• 1. M68HC11 Microcontrollers Data sheet ,
MOTOROLA.COM/SEMICONDUCTORS.
2.Design With Microcontrollers –
John B. Peatman ,McGraw Hill Intl.Ed
• 3. Introduction to Motorola 68HC11 -HUANG