HUMAN BRAIN

BY. S16C
GROUP
Definition
The human brain is a central regulatory
structure that has a volume of about 1,350cc
and consists of 100 million nerve cells or
neurons.
The brain regulates and coordinates most of
the body's movements, behavior and
functions such as heart rate, blood pressure,
body fluid balance and body temperature.
 Brain Structure
consists of 3 parts
Forebrain
(forebrain) The forebrain includes: the thalamus, the pituitary
gland, the cerebral cortex, the olfactory bulb and the
lymbic system (which includes the hypothalamus and
hippocampus).
The largest part of the brain, and has folds. Cerebrum
receives messages from all senses and has several
functions such as: memory, thinking, or feeling. As a
center of control of muscles and personality. Some
cerebrum functions are conscious or can be controlled.
2. Rear brain
(hindbrain)

The hindbrain includes: medulla oblongata, varolli

pons, and cerebellum.
Serves to maintain the balance of body movements.
All the nerves that enter and leave the brain originating
from and heading to the muscles send messages to the
cerebellum. The action is reflex and cannot be controlled
3. Midbrain

Midbrain includes the tectum, tegmentum (there are

many nuclei), superior colliculus, and colliculus inferior.
Medulla oblongata is similar to the spinal cord,
Medulla oblongata is a part of the brain that controls heart
rate, breathing, and blood pressure. All work handled by
medulla oblongata is out of consciousness.
 Left and Right Brain Functions
Although the cerebrum is symmetrical in structure, with two
lobes emerging from the brain stem and matching motor and
sensory areas in each, certain intellectual functions are
restricted to one hemisphere. A person’s dominant hemisphere
is usually occupied with language and logical operations,
while the other hemisphere controls emotion and artistic and
spatial skills. In nearly all right-handed and many left-
handed people, the left hemisphere is dominant.
Problems of
brain

1. HEAD INJURY : a condition where the head

strukture collides from the outside and has the
potential to cause interference with brain
function.
2. MENINGITIS : inflammation of the linning of
the brain and spinal cord, usully caused by
infection
3. HYDROCEPHALUS : is the accumulation of
fluid in a cavity deep in the brain.
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