Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Tuberculosis in Children:
Prevention
Project Partners
(WHO/HTM/TB/2006.371)
TB Prevention
BCG VACCINATION
BCG Vaccine and Efficacy
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a live
attenuated vaccine derived from
Mycobacterium bovis
There is a wide range of reported BCG
efficacy in published studies to date (from
0-80%)
• It is generally accepted that BCG vaccination
provides protection against the more
severe types of TB
BCG: Risk in HIV-Infected
HIV-infected children vaccinated with
BCG at birth, and who later developed
AIDS, were found to have an increased
risk of developing disseminated BCG
disease
In 2007, WHO revised their BCG
vaccination guidelines to exclude children
known to be HIV-infected from receiving
BCG, even if asymptomatic
BCG: EPI Recommendations
For the HIV-exposed infant:
• Defer BCG vaccination until HIV status is
known
* Abbreviated versions
Summary
TB infection in a child can progress
rapidly to TB disease; therefore, child
contacts should be promptly evaluated
Once active disease ruled out, IPT should
be provided in child contacts as indicated
The role of BCG vaccination as a TB
prevention strategy must be carefully
considered. Selective deferral of BCG
may be indicated in some country settings