|




| 

    


R
 





| 

 Definition and influence of Globalization

 Pros and Cons of Globalization
 Definition, movements and causes of Anti-
globalization
 Why anti-globalization?
 Example victims of globalization
 Conclusions and recommendations
½

  
 

 ncreasing global connectivity.

 ntegration and interdependence in the
economic, social, technological, cultural,
political, and ecological spheres.
 An umbrella term and is perhaps best
understood as a unitary process inclusive of
many sub-processes that are increasingly
binding people and the biosphere more tightly
into one global system.

      


 Industrial - emergence of worldwide production

markets and broader access to a range of goods for
consumers and companies.
 uinancial - emergence of worldwide financial
markets and better access to external financing for
corporate, national and subnational borrowers.
 ëconomic - realization of a global common market,
based on the freedom of exchange of goods and
capital.

      


 Oolitical - Political globalization is the

creation of a world government which
regulates the relationships among nations
and guarantees the rights arising from social
and economic globalization.
 Œocial - the achievement of free circulation
by people of all nations.
 Informational - increase in information flows
between geographically remote locations.

      


 jultural - growth of cross-cultural contacts;

cultural diffusion; "world culture".
 ëcological- the advent of global
environmental challenges that can not be
solved without international cooperation, such
as climate change, cross-boundary water and
air pollution, over-fishing of the ocean, and
the spread of invasive species.
O





 


 Pros
è Productivity grows more quickly when countries produce
goods and services in which they have a comparative
advantage. Living standards can go up faster.

è Global competition and cheap imports keep a lid on prices,

so inflation is less likely to derail economic growth.

è An open economy spurs innovation with fresh ideas from

abroad.

è Accelerated the development and innovation of technology

and communication
O





 

 

è -illions of westerns have lost jobs due to imports or

production shifts abroad. -ost find new jobs that pay less.
è -illions of others fear losing their jobs, especially at those
companies operating under competitive pressure.

è Workers face pay-cut demands from employers, which

often threaten to export jobs.

è Service and white-collar jobs are increasingly vulnerable to

operations moving offshore.

è western employees can lose their comparative advantage

when companies build advanced factories in low-wage
countries, making them as productive as those at home.
[

    


è Globalization= mperialism
è Globalization = Americanization
è Globalization = Delocalization
è Globalization = -ultinational corporations
è Globalization = Branding
è Globalization = the rich gets richer, the poor gets
poorer
½

 
 
 

 Ohe political attitude of people and

organizations that resist certain aspects of
globalization.
 social movements
 participants are united in opposition to the
political power of large corporations
 Self-consciously internationalist, organizing
globally an advocating for the cause of
oppressed people around the world
|
 
 

  

è  une
, 
è London, UK; Eugene, Oregon

 Seattle/N30
è November 30, 
è 5,000 protesters blocked delegates¶ entrance to WOO meetings in
Seattle
è Protesters forced the cancellation of the opening ceremony and lasted
the length of the meeting until December 3

 Genoa
è  uly
±  uly 20, 200
è Biggest anti-globalization gathering in
history, 250,000 protesters against the G

meeting in Genoa, taly
è 3 dead, hundreds hospitalized
j  |
 
 

 Globalization globalizes money and

corporations, but not people and unions
 Outsourcing and offshoring caused millions of
westerns lost jobs or paid less
 Fear losing jobs in western countries
 Exploitation of the resources in the
developing countries by western countries
½
 
 
  

 Economical
è Exploitation of the resources in the third world

country
è Example of Starbucks Vs. Ethiopian Coffee

 Ethiopians demand Starbuck¶s support to trademark

3 of its coffees in US
 $4, a cup of Cappuccino at Starbucks;
 $.50, a day income
of the Ethiopian farmer
at the coffee farm
½
 
 
  


 
è Local or minority culture are facing the fate of

disappearing
è Western culture invaded into developing countries

è Example: -cDonalds

 -ore than 00 countries

 30,000 restaurants
 Serves 50 million people daily
½
 
 
  


 ë
 



è Aggravated pollution, Global warming, losses in biodiversity

and species extinction

è Average global temperatures are estimated to rise - 3.5
centigrade (33.
± 3
.5 degrees) by 2050
è Developed industrial countries export hazardous waste to

third world countries

è Example: one global

agribusiness firm closed a terminal

in Brazil's Amazon region for
environmentalists
½
 
 
  


 ½


 


è 0% of the workers at the
sweatshops are women
è Child labor hired by global

companies in developing countries

 Example: 4-year-old workers in Nike factories
in ndonesia
½
 
 
  


 
 
è -ore and more strict immigration restrictions in
developed countries, no free move for labors
è n sweatshops in developing countries, harsh working
conditions, low pay and overtime working are common
è Example: Ohe Pouty Bratz dolls factory in Southern
China
 Working 4 hours a week
  cents, workers are paid for making each doll;
$ , retail price in US
 -ore than 20 million Bratz dolls sold in US since 200
½
 
 
  


 Π
è Ohe unequal wealth distribution worldwide

è Ohe gap between the developed countries and the

third world counties

è Ohe gap between

the poor and rich

 
   
 ¶ 

 
 

 o

oo

o

o

o

o
o    
     ooo oo oo oo oo

Source:http://www.tiger.edu.pl/publikacje/OWPNo.pdf
 
   
 j 


m m        

8
6

-
-
-6
-8
-1
-1
199 1991 199 199 199 199 1996 1997 1998 1999

Source:http://demography.anu.edu.au/Publications/Conf
erencePapers/USSP 1/OablesPhilipov.doc
 
 

  


  !"! #  

 
 




 j
 

 

 China is striving to create global automobile
and electronics brands.
 ndia¶s skill-intensive service sectors like O
and outsourcing are rising very fast.
 Western firms would face unprecedented
competition from the two and other
developing countries.
j  

 Anti-globalization movements are the

indication of self-protection.
 Globalization already resulted in many
adverse effects and made a portion of people
worse-off.
 Globalization makes highly liberalized
countries expose their vulnerabilities to the
rest of the world.
j | j
 $ 

 
 
 Establish international monitoring system
è Domestic:
 each country should build up a system that can integrate into
the global market
 protectionism in the domestic market
è nternational:
 nternational institutions should reform to fit into the needs of
the globalization, such as -F, World Bank, UN
 Be more responsible for all the countries, rather than some or
few countries
 Be more transparent and be monitored by member countries
from third world
j | j
 $ 

 
 
 Oo enhance corporations between countries and
regions
è -ake free trade free and fair for both developing
and developed countries
è Eliminate or reduce the trade barriers

è Get more countries involved into the global market

è Equal and balance development in the global

market
0
    j