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Such: Tanto, tan, tal, semejante

So: Tan, tanto, por tanto, entonces


We often use 'so' and 'such' to mean 'very' or 'really'. It makes the
sentence stronger and shows that there is a high level of something.

•She was so beautiful (= she was very beautiful).


•He ran so quickly (= he ran very quickly).
•The food was so delicious (= the food was really delicious).
•The children spoke French so well (= the children spoke French very well).

•He got such a good time in the race (= he got a very good time in the race).
•It was such delicious food (= it was really delicious food).
•The children spoke such good French (= the children spoke really good French).
Present Perfect Tense

subject + auxiliary + main verb


I, you, he,
she, it, we,
you, they, have, has past participle
John,
Denisse, the
dog.

• I have worked here since June.

• He has been ill for 2 days.

• How long have you known Karla?


Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).

1.I (not / work) for two todays.


2.We (buy) a new lamp.
3.We (not / plan) our holiday yet.
4.Where (be / you) ?
5.He (write) five letters.
6.She (not / see) him for a long time.
7.(be / you) at school?
8.School (not / start) yet.
9.(speak / he) to his boss?
10.No, he (have / not) the time yet.
Past Perfect
This tense talks about the "past in the past".

subject + auxiliary + main verb


I, you, he, she,
it, we, you,
they, John, had past participle
Denisse, the
bird.

Example 1:

The train had gone when I arrived at the station.


• I wasn't hungry. I had just eaten.
• They were hungry. They had not eaten for five hours.
• He told us that the train had left.

• I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.

• Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.


We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present
simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'):

Ejemplos de hechos generales

• If I go to sleep late, I feel tired in the morning.

• If people don’t eat, It dies.

• If I get sick, I go to see the doctor.

• If it snows, It gets cold.


• If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.

• Plants die if they don't get enough water.

• If my husband has a cold, I usually catch it.

• If public transport is efficient, people stop using their cars.

• If you mix red and blue, you get purple.


If you eat too much, If you touch the fire,

If babies are hungry,

If you drop something,

If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius,


You can use the first conditional to talk about predictions,
superstitions, future plans, warnings & threats, and offers &
suggestions. These are things that are real, so this conditional is
also called the future real conditional.
Predictions
• If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late for work.
• If you stay out in the rain too long, you’ll get sick!
• If you eat too much chocolate cake, you’ll get fat!
• If I win the lottery, I’ll buy a new house!

Superstitions

• If you break a mirror, you will have 7 years of bad luck!


• If you see a penny on the ground and pick it up, it will bring you good luck!
• If you walk under a ladder, you will have bad luck!
• If you find a four-leaf clover, you will have good luck!

Future plans

• If you go shopping tomorrow, I’ll go with you!


• If I see Ken later today, I will tell him to call you.
• If you have an extra ticket, I’ll go to the concert with you!
FIRST CONDITIONAL

1. Si está soleado mañana iré a la playa.

2. Si mi amiga me invita a su fiesta, iré.

3. Si tengo tiempo te ayudare.

4. Si llueve cancelare el viaje.

5. Si me das dinero iré de compras.


• if I had more free time, I would be happy.

• If I had a lot of money, I would travel a lot.

• If I knew the answer, I would tell her.

• If I were you I would buy that car.

• If you won the lottery, what would you do with the money?

• If you had only one day to live, what would you do?

• What would you do if you didn’t have to work?


Third Conditional
We talk about a condition in the past that did not happen. That
is why there is no possibility for this condition. The third
conditional is also like a dream, but with no possibility of the
dream coming true.

if condition result

Past Perfect would have + past participle


If I had seen Mary, I would have told her.

If Tara had been free yesterday, I would have invited her.

If they had not passed their exam, their teacher would have been sad.

If it had rained yesterday, would you have stayed at home?

If it had rained yesterday, what would you have done?


Mini Quiz

1. The third conditional is used when both the condition and result are
• no longer possible
• still possible
• always true

2. "If we _______ free, we would have gone with you." Which is correct?
• were
• are
• had been

3. "If you'd studied harder, you _______ failed." Which creates a third
conditional sentence that makes sense?
• would
• would have
• wouldn't have
if condition result

Past Perfect would have + past participle

Si yo hubiese estudiado, yo habria pasado el examen.

Si tu me hubieras dicho, yo te hubiera ayudado.

Si yo hubiese sabido, you hubiese ido.

Would have: Definite

Could have: Possibility


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