Climate change impact in southern
India
*Thota Greeshma, Mushike Saisri, Yuvaraj yadav, Divya Yadav
Department of Agriculture and forestry, Tula’s institute, Dehradun
E-Mail: greeshmathota123@gmail.com, Ph.No: 8074464819
Abstract
Climate change impact assessment resulting from increasing emissions of
carbon dioxide and other trace gases, it is one of the major concerns of world
today. Thus it further affects on the growth rates, photosynthesis, transpiration
rates, agriculture inputs etc. There are many regions which are affected due to
climate change and one of the region among them is Southern India, which is
more prone to weather extremes as the earth warms up and the temperature
ranges between 2.6℃ to 8.5℃ over the century. The Southern Indian state
Kerala was founded extremely by heavy rainfall for 2 years in succession,
while during the monsoon It has been slowly decreasing over the last half
century. Roughly $30 billion is lost every year across the world due to extreme
events, while Kerala had lost roughly $6 billion in a year due to floods. The
hypothesis included with climate change are: Climate change impact on
agriculture and food production, Food security is both directly and indirectly
linked with climate change, Provides greater coverage of weather linked
agriculture, Technology demonstration to help farmers cope up with current
climate variability. Forests are particularly vulnerable to climate change
because even small changes in temperature and precipitation can have
significant effects on forest growth. It has been shown that an increase of 1℃
in the temperature can modify the functioning and composition of forest.
Forest provides a perfect example of the links that exists between biodiversity
and climate change. Forests are threatened by the impact of climate change
but afforestation have the potential to mitigate climate change through carbon
sequestration.
Objective
 Climate change reasons and effects.
 To analyse and quantify how changes in the climate such as temperature,
precipitation, and run-off.
 Provide credible, science-based climate change education resource and how
to protect and conserve the natural resources.
 To improve our understanding of the underlying process in order to develop
reliable forecast and scenarios for making progress towards the Environmental
objectives.
Methodology
 There are many factors which are effected due to climate change that
includes Agriculture, Forestry, impact on human health, reduce of fishery and
aquaculture productivity etc..
India is highly depend on agriculture and 60% of India’s agriculture is rain-fed
and it is due to climate change . 15% of India’s ground water are damaged and
falling water table is suspected to deal a severe below in progress of
agriculture also raising carbon dioxide level due to global warming is suspected
to shrink down the amount of protein in crops like rice and wheat which are
primary source for majority of population in the country. Leaving population at
risk of malnutrition, low immunity, and raising the risk of disease affecting the
population severely.
 Rising sea-level and surges of storm would also impact agriculture, degrade
ground water quality, increase risk in the contamination in water, and giving
rise to diarrhoea and cholera.
 Forest cover 1/3 of the earth’s surface and are estimated to contain as much as 2/3
of all known terrestrial species. In the last 8,000 years about 45% of the earth’s
original forest cover has been converted most of it was cleared. Forest are
particularly vulnerable to climate change because even small changes in
temperature and precipitation can have significant effects on forest growth. It has
been shown that an increase of 1℃ in the temperature can modify the functioning
and composition of forests.
Results
During the monsoon season this year, India has experienced a particularly high
amount of rainfall The data from India Meteorological Department shown that
from 1 June to 20 August 2018 the amount of rainfall in Kerala increases by 40%
compared with the normal trend. The discharge of excess water from the water
reservoirs across Kerala state and its neighbouring states resulted in the worst flood
in Kerala since 1924, it is estimated that over 483 people lost their lives and over
1.4 million being displaced from their homes.
 Apart from the fatality of human lives, the severe flood also destroyed and
damaged roads, homes, schools, and hospitals and basic sanitation systems. In the
aftermath of Kerala floods, there have already been reported cases such as
leptospirosis, dengue fever, malaria. Indeed, mortality injuries and communicable
diseases including waterborne disease are the common short-term health risks
found in the literature after floods.
 In particular potential long-run impacts of floods on children is worrying.
Disruption in food supply and contaminated water leading to diarrheal lines makes
under 5 years of age the most susceptible to under nutrition.
Conclusion
 The effects of climate change are not subtle anymore. The challenges it
presents are threatening – not just our way of life, but putting the future of the
world on unstable grounds. As a growing country, India needs to focus on how
climate change impacts its development and take initiatives that are sustainable
in nature.
 Climate change presents a major and growing challenge to the arctic and the
world as a whole. While the concerns this generates important now, their
implications are even greater for future generations that will bear the
consequences 0f current actions or inaction.
 In conclusion, we need to take part and try to stop global warming and other
effects on climate change. If the earth’s temperature continue to rise in the
future, living things on earth would become extinct due to high temperatures,
If humans contribute to control global warming, this would be cooler and the
high temperatures we currently have would decrease. If everybody as one take
stand and try to end most of the climate changes that are occurring, this world
would be safer place to live on.
References
1.Adamas, P.N and D.L.Inman 2009. Climate change and environmental
science and technology
2.Upham, Maughan and Thomas, C. (eds) (2003) Towards sustainable
avitation.