A SEMINAR ON

AUTOMOBILE SAFETY

GURPREET SINGH MATHAROU

ASST.PROF- AUTOMOBILES
Contents:
• Introduction
• Types of Safety System
□ ABS ( Anti-lock braking system)
□ Collision Warning System
□ Sturdy Body Cell
□ Electronic Stability Control
□ Blind Spot Detector
□ Survival Cell
□ Air bags
□ Seat Belt
 INTRODUCTION•
Why is safety important?

• Automobile manufacturer give first preference to

safety.

Special departments and resources are used for

improving safety.
INTRODUCTION
• Automobile Industry is undergoing a BIG
TRANSFORMATION never seen before.

• Today CAR’s are not only used for personal Transport

but they are ENCOMPASSED with
• Entertainment that vies with the fedility of your HOME
THEATRE
• Seating arrangement more comfortable than your
RECLINER
• SAFETY FEATURES making your car safer than a TANK
•Globally car companies Spend nearly
$36 billon annually for influencing new
TECHNOLOGIES into their cars.

•Some of the big advancement in

Automotive Industry in last 10years have
come in a area of SAFETY.
It is an automobile safety system that allows the
wheels of the vehicle to maintain contact with the
road surface.
Main Components:
□ Speed Sensors.
□ Valves.
□ Pump.
□ Controller.
 Anti-Lock Braking System

Speed
Sensor

Pump/Valve

Speed
Sensors
How Does the system Works?
Advancement in the system?
Effectiveness

ABS on a test track

Collision warning system

• A surround (radar) sensor in the vehicle recognize

the danger of a collision.
• Based on the distance to the obstacle ahead and the
speed.
• Provides maximized braking support by boosting
the brake pressure
Collision warning system:
• It is a rigid cell made up of aluminum, steel, hot formed
ultra steel & ultra high strength steel.
• Obtained by heating them under certain pressure hot
formed ultra steel is used.
 Hot-formed ultra-high-strength steel
Ultra-high-strength steel
Steel
Aluminium

Aluminium
■ hot-formed steel parts
ultra-high-strength steels
Electronic Stability Control:
• ESC integrates Anti Lock Braking (ABS) and
Traction Control System (TCS)
• A function that prevents skidding.
• If the vehicle moves in a different direction- under
steering or over steering - ESC detects the situation
and reacts accordingly
 Main components of the system

A) active wheel speed sensors;

B) steering angle sensor;
C) Yaw rate sensor
D) attached electronic control unit (ECU)
E) motor;
F) pressure sensor,
G) hydraulic unit.
 Some important ECS definitions

• ESC augments vehicle directional stability by

applying and adjusting the vehicle brakes individually
to induce correcting yaw torques to the vehicle.

• ESC is a computer-controlled system, which uses a

close-loop algorithm to limit under steer and over steer
of the vehicle when appropriate
Blind Spot Detector:
• A blind spot in a vehicle is an area around the
vehicle that cannot be directly observed while at the
controls.
• Good driver visibility is essential for safe road
traffic.
• It is currently implemented in all new upcoming
bikes.
• It is used in racing cars (Formula 1)
• It is a rigid cell made up of carbon layers and
aluminum plates.
• Obtained by heating them under certain pressure.
Air Bags

•What’s the main function of the System?

•Material of Airbags?
•History
Actual Working

Airbag Before Collision Airbag After Collision

Inflation unit

•How does it INFLATES?

 Effectiveness
This system has proven its effectiveness
• In frontal crashes reduction in d rivers death reduced by nearly
14%
•Passenger side airbags reducing death by nearly 11%
•NHTSA estimated reduction in risk by nearly 85% with the
combination of seat belt and airbags compared than only seatbelt
i.e60%
Car Model Head Injury Risk
Airbag No Airbag
Holden Commodore 28 48
Toyota Camry 20 44
Mitsubishi Magna 6 27
Ford Falcon 14 N. A.

This are some crash results which give the effectiveness of the system
Different types of Airbags

DRIVERS SIDE AIRBAG

PASSENGER AIR BAG

Curtain Airbags
How Air Bags Works
Seat belts
• One of the first car safety measures incorporated into the cars is the use
of seat belts as well as padded dashboards.
• Great changes in road an automobile designs have significantly reduced
injury and death rates worldwide.
• Modern safety belts or seat belts which form part of car safety devices are
now provided with pre-tensioners that tighten the safety belt in case of a
crash. The seat belts are also provided with load limiters that control
passenger movement during a crash.
 Steering Angle Sensor

Understeering (“plowing out”) Oversteering (“spinning out”)

ROLL OVER BARS
In addition to Telematics based Services like
• Digital Satellite Radio
•In car E-mail

•GPS systems

Recent Advancement in Braking Technology have led to

•Shorter stopping distance
•Increased Control in PANIC situation
•More control on CURVED turns