A.

Compare and Contrast 2015 NSCP from 2001 and 2010 NSCP
B. Give insights with regards to the Code Specification (Explain each
sections

1) Table 615.2 Reference Values for Visulayy Stress- Graded-

Unseasoned Structural Timber of Philippine Woods
2) Section 616.1 General
3) Section 616.2 Bending Members – General
4) Section 616.3 Bending Members – Flexure
5) Section 616.4 Bending Members – Shear
6) Section 616.5 Bending Members – Deflection
Bending Strength
 Rn/2 Rn/2
Rn
Rn
Rn/2
Rn/2
Net Area (An) = t (w – dh)
Boring

Grooving (Tongue
and Groove Cladding)

Notching
 Example 01: Maximum bending stress, shear stress,
and deflection
Problem
A timber beam 4 m long is simply supported at both ends. It carries a uniform
load of 10 kN/m including its own weight. The wooden section has a width of 200
mm and a depth of 260 mm and is made up of 80% grade Apitong. Use dressed
dimension by reducing its dimensions by 10 mm.

Properties of Apitong
Bending and tension parallel to grain = 16.5 MPa
Shear parallel to grain = 1.73 MPa
Modulus of elasticity in bending = 7.31 GPa
1.What is the maximum flexural stress of the beam?
2.What is the maximum shearing stress of the beam?
3.What is the maximum deflection of the beam?
Problem 2.
• A floor is supported by 75mm x 200mm wooded joist
spaced at 400mm on centers with effective span of 3m.
The total floor load transmitted to the joist is 5 kPa
Weight of wood is 6.3 kN/m3
3
Ew= 12 x 10 Mpa
1. Determine the maximum bending stress
2. Determine the maximum shearing stress
3. Determine the maximum deflection
Problem 3.
• A wooden joist in a loading platform is 4m. It has a simple
support at one end and at appoint 1.0 m from the other end.
The supports are 3m apart and joist overhangs 1.0m. The
joist overhangs 1.0m. The joist carry a load of 1200 N/m
including its own weight. Use b =50mm
1. Determine the wooden joist so as not to exceed the
allowable bending stress of 13.2 Mpa
2. Design the wooden joist so as not to exceed the allowable
shear stress of 0.65 Mpa.
3. Design the wooden joist so as not to exceed the allowable
deflection of 20mm, E =12300 MPa
Problem 4.
• The laminated beam shown in the Figure is
composed of 5 – 150mm x 50 mm planks that
are glued together. The beam carries a
uniformly distributed load of “w” kN/m on a
span of 4m long.
1. Compute the maximum allowable value of
“w” so as not to exceed the allowable stress of
0.62 Mpa for the shear in glue.
2. Compute the maximum allowable value of
“w” so as not to exceed the allowable shearing
stress of 0.82 Mpa.
3. Compute the maximum allowable value of
“w” so as not to exceed the allowable bearing
stress of 8.2 Mpa.
Problem 5
• Four 50 mm x 200 mm section is to
be framed to carry maximum shear
on a cantilever span of 4m.
Neglecting the weight of the beam.
Allowable shear stress is 0.70 Mpa.
1. Compute the safe concentrated
load that the beam could carry at a
distance of 1.5 m from the fixed
support if the beam is arranged as
shown
Problem 5
• Four 50 mm x 200 mm section is
to be framed to carry maximum
shear on a cantilever span of 4m.
Neglecting the weight of the
beam. Allowable shear stress is
0.70 Mpa.
2. Compute the safe concentrated
load that the beam could carry at a
distance of 1.5 m from the fixed
support if the beam is arranged as
shown
Problem 5
• Four 50 mm x 200 mm section is
to be framed to carry maximum
shear on a cantilever span of 4m.
Neglecting the weight of the
beam. Allowable shear stress is
0.70 Mpa.
3. Compute the safe concentrated
load that the beam could carry at
a distance of 1.5 m from the fixed
support if the beam is arranged as
shown
Problem 6
A 100mm x 250mm timber beam has a span of 4.80m and
carries a uniform load of 12 kN/m including its own weight.
For wood: For Steel:
Ew= 16000 Mpa Es= 200000 Mpa
Fbw= 10.34 Mpa Fbs= 124 Mpa
1. Determine the safe moment capacity of the unreinforced
beam
2. Determine the width of a steel plate 8mm in thickness which
will reinforced to the top and bottom surface of the wooden
section to sufficiently carry the load.
3. Determine the shear stress at the inner surface of the timber
and steel.
Problem 7. Timber Design in Soil Mechanics
The temporary earth – retaining wall shown consists
of planks driven vertically into the ground. The soft,
muddy earth creates a triangular pressure against the
planks with a maximum pressure at the bottom of 12
kN/m2. Neglecting the weight of the 300 mm wide
plank with an allowable stresses in bending of 4.8
MPa and 0.60 MPa in shear.
1. Which of the following gives the maximum
moment acting on the plank.
2. Which of the following gives the thickness of the
plank if flexural stress governs.
3. Which of the following gives the thickness of the
plank if shear shear governs.
Problem 8. Timber Design in Fluid Mechanics
Timber 300 mm x 300mm spaced 0.90 m apart
on centers are driven into the ground and act as a
cantilever beams to back up the sheet piling of a
coffer dam.
1. Which of the following gives the max. height
of water behind the dam if the bending stress
is limited to 8 MPa. Density of water = 1000
kg/m3.
2. Which of the following gives the max. height
of water behind the dam if shearing stress is
limited to 0.8 MPa.
3. Which of the following gives spacing of the
beams if the height of water is 4m. So as not
to exceed the allowable bending stress of 8
MPa
Bolted Connection
Spacing of Bolts / Nails / Screws

Where:
S = spacing of bolts in mm
R = shear capacity of bolts
I = moment of inertia of section at N.A.
V = max shear
Q = statistical moment of area
Problem 9.
The Cantilever shown is composed of three 75mm x 200mm
actual size timbers fastened together to form an I-beam.
1. Determine the shearing stress in the glued portion if the
timers are glued together.
2. Determine the maximum shearing stress of the beam
3. Determine the shearing stress in the bolts if the timbers are
bolted together by a single row of 10mm diameter bolts spaced
at 150mm apart in the row.
Problem 10.

A beam is constructed from

three boards bolted together
as shown.
1. Compute the location of the
neutral axis of the beam
from the bottom.
2. Compute the moment of
inertia at the neutral axis.
3. Determine the shear force
developed in each bolt if
the bolts are spaced
250mm apart and applied
shear is V=35kN.
Problem 11.
The box beam is constructed from four boards that are fasten together
using nails spaced along the beam every 50mm. A force P=8900N is
applied to the beam shown on the figure.
1. Compute the moment of inertia at the neutral axis of the beam.
2. Compute the shear force resisted by each nail at A.
3. Compute the shear force resisted by each nail at B.
Problem 16
• A wooden section consists of a plank 250mm x 50mm in cross section and
bolted by a 20mm diameter bolts by means of two wooden planks with same
sizes as the sandwich plank. The wooden section is Yakal. Using the given tales
of the different species of wood. Use 80% stress grade.
Allowable stresses using 80% stress garde
Compressive stress parallel to the grain:
Pq =15.8 Mpa.
Compressive stress perpendicular to the grain q = 6.27 Mpa.
Allowable bending and tension parallel to the grain = 24.5 Mpa.
For the 20mm diameter bolt in double shear:
Allowable load in kN parallel to the grain = 13.7 kN
Allowable load in kN perpendicular to the grain = 6.07 kN
Problem 16

1. Which of the following gives the value of P if the

allowable compressive stress parallel to the grain will
not exceed.
2. Which of the following gives the value of P if the
allowable compressive stress perpendicular to the
grain will not be exceeded.
3. Which of the following gives the value of P if the
allowable tensile stress parallel to the grain is not
exceeded.
The beam stability factor is to ensure that weak-axis buckling or
torsional buckling does not occur over long non-laterally supported
spans
Intermediate Lateral Supports
Slenderness ratio is defined as the ratio of effective length
to the radius of gyration of beam
Problem 10.

• A single span beam having an unsupported span of 20m

carries a uniform load of “W” kN/m throughout its span.
The beam has a cross section of 150mm x 600mm.
Allowable bending stress of the wood is Fb = 12.4 Mpa with
a modulus of elasticity of 13800 Mpa.
1. Compute the allowable bending stress with size factor
adjustment
2. Compute the allowable bending stress with slenderness
factor adjustment.
3. Compute the load “W” that the beam could carry.
Problem 11.
A single span beam having an unsupported length of 8m has a
cross section of 200mm x 350mm. It carries a uniformly
distributed load “W” kN/m throughout its span. Allowable
bending stress if Fb = 9.6 Mpa and a modulus of elasticity of
13800 Mpa. From table, the effective length Le= 1.92 Lu where
Lu = unsupported length of beam.
1. Compute the allowable bending stress with size factor
adjustment.
2. Compute the allowable bending stress with slenderness
factor adjustment.
3. Compute the safe uniform load “W” that the beam could
carry.
Shear Strength
Problem 12
The simply supported joist is used in the construction of a floor for a
building. In order to keep the floor low with respect to the still beams C
and D, the end of the joists are notched as shown in the figure.
Allowable shear stress of wood of 1.02 Mpa and the allowable bending
stress is 11.8 Mpa. Ew= 13800 Mpa. The beam carries a concentrated
load of 2700N at its midspan. Neglect weight of beam.
1. Compute the depth of the beam so as not to exceed the allowable
bending stress if it has a width of 50mm.
2. Compute the smallest height “h” so that the beam will not exceed
the allowable shearing stress of 2.5 Mpa.
3. Compute the deflection of the beam at the midspan.
Problem 13
A 75 mm x 150mm beam carries a
uniform load Wo over the entire span
of 1.2m. Square notches 25mm deep
are provided at the bottom of the
beam at the supports. Calculate the
safe value of the Wo based on shear
alone.
Allowable shear parallel to grain =
1.40 Mpa
Allowable shear normal o grain =
1.85 Mpa
Use the NSCP 2010 provisions.
Example 02: Required Diameter of Circular Log
Used for Footbridge Based on Shear Alone
• Problem
A wooden log is to be used as a footbridge to span 3-m gap. The log is
required to support a concentrated load of 30 kN at midspan. If the
allowable stress in shear is 0.7 MPa, what is the diameter of the log
that would be needed. Assume the log is very nearly circular and the
bending stresses are adequately met. Neglect the weight of the log.
 Example 04: Required Depth of Rectangular Timber
Beam Based on Allowable Bending, Shear, and
Deflection
Problem
A beam 100 mm wide is to be loaded with 3 kN concentrated loads spaced
uniformly at 0.40 m on centers throughout the 5 m span. The following data are
given:
Allowable bending stress = 24 MPa
Allowable shear stress = 1.24 MPa
Allowable deflection = 1/240 of span
Modulus of elasticity = 18,600 MPa
Weight of wood = 8 kN/m 3

1.Find the depth d considering bending stress only.

2.Determine the depth d considering shear stress only.
3.Calculate the depth d considering deflection only.
 Example 02: Moment Capacity of a Timber Beam
Reinforced with Steel and Aluminum Strips
• Problem
Steel and aluminum plates are used to
reinforced an 80 mm by 150 mm timber beam.
The three materials are fastened firmly as
shown so that there will be no relative
movement between them.

Allowable Bending Stress, Fb Modulus of Elasticity, E

Steel = 120 MPa Steel = 200 GPa
Aluminum = 80 MPa Aluminum = 70 GPa
Wood = 10 MPa Wood = 10 GPa
Solution
Bolted Connection
Spacing of Bolts / Nails / Screws
 Example 01: Spacing of Screws in Box Beam made
from Rectangular Wood
• Problem
A concentrated load P is carried at midspan by
a simply supported 4-m span beam. The beam
is made of 40-mm by 150-mm timber screwed
together, as shown. The maximum flexural
stress developed is 8.3 MPa and each screw
can resist 890 N of shear force.
1. Determine the spacing of screws at A.
2. Determine the spacing of screws at B.
Problem 14

• The simply supported beam supports a load of P =

16KN. Allowable bending stress for wood is 30 MPa
and the allowable shear stress is 800 Kpa.
1. Compute the dimension “a” of each timber so that it
will not exceed the allowable bending stress.
2. Compute the dimension “a” of each timber so that it
will not exceed the allowable shear stress.
3. Determine the spacing of the bolts if each bolt can
sustain a shear of 2.5 kN.
Problem 15

• A beam is constructed from three boards bolted

together as shown.
1. Compute the location of the neutral axis of the
beam from the bottom.
2. Compute the moment of inertia at the neutral axis.
3. Determine the shear force developed in each bolt if
the bolts are spaced 250mm apart and the applied
shear is V = 35 kN.
Assignment: Problem 9. Timber Design in
Strength of Materials
Two moving loads consists of 65 kN and 45 kN is moving at a
constant distance of 3 m along a span of 7m.
1. Compute the location of the 65 kN load from the end
support of the beam to produce maximum moment.
2. Compute the maximum moment due to this moving loads.
3. If a 300mm x 600mm beam is used to carry this load on a
pan of 7m., compute the maximum bending stress of the
beam. Ass 25% impact stress due to the moving loads.
Consider the weight of beam which is 7.50 kN/m3.
Allowable bending stress is 10.5 Mpa.