LESSON 3:

Supernaturals:
Believe it or Not!
Lesson Objectives:

• Identify various religion practices

and beliefs

• Understand the self in relation with

religious beliefs

• Explain ways of finding the meaning

of life
Some World
Religious
Beliefs and
Practices
 BUDDHISM
BELIEFS
• Life is not a bed of roses, instead
there are suffering pain, and
frustrations.
• It becomes a habit known as
reactive cycle of wanting and
hating, like and dislike, and
craving and aversion.
BUDDHA

BUDDHIST TEMPLE
BUDDHIST MONKS
 CUSTOM AND PRACTICES
TWO TYPES OF MEDIATION PRACTICES:
1.Samatha- practiced s mindfulness of
breathing and development of loving
kindness (metta bhavana)
2.Vipassana- practice aim at developing
insight into reality

MAJOR CELEBRATIONS
1.Parinirvana Day- month of February
2.Buddha day (Wesak)- month of May
3.Dharma Day- month of July
 PARINIRVANA DAY

WESAK DAY
 CHRISTIANITY
BELIEFS
• Christians believe in the Trinatarian
God. One God in three personas:
God, the father (creator). God the
son (savior), and God the holy spirit
(sustainer)
• Eternal life after death will be
achieved through faith in Jesus Christ.
• Jesus Christ is, God the Son, who
JESUS CHRIST
 CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES
• Sacrament of Baptism- symbolizes the
birth in Christian world.
• Sacrament of Communion- an act of
remembrance of Jesus Christ’s
sacrificial love.
MAJOR CELEBRATIONS
• Christmas, usually on December 25,
commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ
• Resurrection Sunday, (depends on the
lunar calendar, sometime in March or
 HOLY BAPTISM

HOLY SYMBOLS
 CHRISTMAS
CELEBRATIONS

EASTER EGG HUNTING

 HINDUISM
BELIEFS
• Hinduism covers a wide range of
traditional beliefs and religious groups:
thus, there is no single founder or
leader. Hindus believe that existence is a
cycle of birth, death and rebirth ,
governed by Karma.
• Karma is a concept where the
reincarnated life will depend on how the
past life was spent.
• Hindus believe that the soul passes
 SHRI- RADHA KRISHNA
VISHU
MANAMMAN HINDU
Vedas-sacred scriptures of Hindus.
Mahabharata and Ramayana- two
important texts of Hindus

CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES

• Diwali- the festival of lights
• Navrati- the festival of nine
nights, which celebrate the
triumph of good over evil.
DIWALI CELEBRATION
 ISLAM
BELIEFS
• Muslims believe in Allah, who is their
“One God.” They believe in the unity
and universality of God. Muslims have
strong sense of community or “ummah
and an awareness of their solidarity
with all Muslims worldwide.
• Islam means “willing submission to
God.”
• Muslims believe that Mohammed is the
 MOSQUE

MOHAMMED
 QURAN

HAJJ. THE PILGRIMAGE TO MECCA

CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES
FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM
• Shahadah- statement of faith; “There is no God
but the one true
God and Mohammad is his messenger.”
• Salat- the prayer that is practiced five times a da
• Zakat- the monetary offering for the benefit of the
poor. It
comprises the 2.5% of a Muslim’s assets.
• Hajj- the yearly pilgrimage to mecca. Muslims
who can afford are asked to do the pilgrimage at
least once in their lifetime.
• Sawm- the fasting, Muslims do fasting, from food
 MAJOR CELEBRATIONS
Eidul–Fitr- the celebration at the end
of Ramadan
Eidul-Adha- celebrated within the
completion of the Pilgrimage, the Hajj.
 JUDAISM
BELIEFS
• The Jews believe in the God of
Abraham, the same God that
liberated the Hebrew slaves from
Egypt to Canaan, the Promised
Land through the Leadership of
Moses and later, Joshua.
• The Jews believe in the coming of
the Messiah, the Savior. The
 ABRAHAM

JEWISH TEMPLE
TORAH
CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES
FIVE MAJOR FESTIVALS
• Rosh Hashanah- the New Year
• Yom Kippur- the Day of Atonement
• Pesach-Passover
• Shavuot-Pentecost
• Sukkot- Tabernacides- The Jewish
Sabbath begins on Friday evening at
sunset and is an important time
when families gather for the Shabbat
meal.
 PESACH

SHABBAT MEAL
 FINDING AND CREATING THE MEANING OF
LIFE

THE PSYCHIATRIST- DR. VICTOR Z. FRANKL

-was born on March 26, 1905 in Vienna, Austria
-graduated with a medical degree from the
University of Vienna in 1930
-was assigned in Vienna Hospital suicide ward
and headed the Rothschild Hospital
-survivor of Holocaust
-published a book about logotherapy in 1959. The
book was translated to English and was revised in
1963 as The Doctor and the Soul: An
Introduction to Logotherapy.
 LOGOTHERAPY
-a psychotherapy introduced by Dr. Viktor
Frankl, who is considered, the Father of
Logotherapy. The main belief of logotherapy
is that “ Man’s primary motivational force is
search for meaning”
-aids individuals to find personal meaning of
life, whatever life situation they may be.

BASIC CONCEPTS OF FRANKLIAN

PSYCHOLOGY
• Life has meaning under all circumstances
• Main motivation for living is our will to find
 LOGOTHERAPY
1.The human being is an entity
ASSUMPTIONS
consisting of body , mind and spirit.
This deals with the body (soma), mind
(psyche), and spirit (noos).

2.Life has meaning under all

circumstances, even the most
miserable. Assumption two is “ultimate
meaning”

3.People have a will to meaning. This

4.The individual is unique. This deals
with one’s sense of meaning. This is
enhanced by the realization that we are
irreplaceable.

5.People must respond if decisions are

to be meaningful. The meaning of the
moment, is more practical in daily living
than ultimate meaning.

6. The individual is unique. This deals

with one’s sense of meaning. This is
Frankl’s Sources of
Meaning
Popova (2017) discussed Victor
-

Frankl’s work. Purposeful

work

Courage
into face of Love
difficulty
Victor
Frankl’s
work.
• Dr. Frankl’s wife, parents and
some relatives were victims of gas
chambers.
• Popova (2017) also quoted Dr.
Frankl’s definition of love . “Love
is the only way to grasp
another human being in the
inner most cover of his
personality”.