Theory and Design

Submitted by:
Nishant Gautam (0612831051)
Shorya Mittal (0512831075)
Parmendra Singh (0612831053)

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 An Embedded System is a
microprocessor based system that is
embedded as a subsystem, in a larger
system (which may or may not be a
computer system).

I O

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 Automotive electronics

 Aircraft electronics

 Trains

 Telecommunication

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•• Medical
Medical systems
systems

•• Military
Militaryapplications
applications

•• Authentication
Authentication

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 Microprocessor
 Sensors
 Converters (A-D and D-A)
 Actuators
 Memory (On-chip and Off chip)
 Communication path with the interacting
environment

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 D- Actuator
Sensor A- Processor
D A

Memory

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 Response Time -- Real Time Systems
 Area
 Cost
 Portability
 Low Power (Battery Life)

 Fault Tolerance

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 System Specification
 Functions,
Real Time Constraints, Cost and
Power Constraints
 Hardware Software Partitioning
 Hardware Synthesis
 Simulation
 Implementation

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 Perform a single task
 Usually not general purpose
 Increasingly high performance and real time
constrained
 Power, cost and reliability are important
considerations
 HW-SW systems
 Software is used for more features and
flexibility
 Hardware (processors, ASICs, memory etc.
are used for performance and security

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 Distributed and Non distributed

 Reactive and Transformational

 Control dominated and Data dominated

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“ The New York Times has
estimated that the average Most of the
American comes into contact functionality
with about 60 micro- of embedded
processors every day....” systems
will be
implemented
in software!
Latest top-level BMWs
contain over 100 micro-
processors
[Personal communication]
 The AT 89C2051 is a low voltage, high
performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 2K
bytes of flash programmable memory.

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 Cost effectiveness.
 89C2051 has only 15 I/O lines so, port1 and port3
are only available on it.
 The architecture of 89C2051 does not support
any external address/data bus and therefore
RD,WR signals are absent .
 The 89C2051 also supports full-duplex serial
communication and six interrupt sources.

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THANK YOU

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