Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Registers of
Spoken and
Written English
World Englishes
Refers to the various approaches in describing and
analyzing the language.
2 - The very first thing the arriving tourist sees in Manila after
the planedoor opens is a sign in the walkway that reads "watch
your steps." This may not sound funny to you, but it sounds
funny to me, an English speaker from England. This is because,
in the UK, the expression is ,"watch your step," singular, not
"steps," plural. There's nothing wrong with "watch your steps";
in fact, it actually makes more sense to watch all your
forthcoming steps than to watch just one generic step. It just
sounds funny, that's all.
3 - "Watch your steps" is the first reminder for English
speakers from outside the Philippines that English usage here
is idiosyncratic, even unique.
-Wardaugh
Individual
Geographical
Ethnic and races
Social (class, age, gender, socioeconomic
status & education
Registers of Language
-Joos (1961)
Registers of Language
Very Formal, Frozen or Static Register
- a non-emotional topics
- a language that remains unchanged due to
custom or etiquette, particularly in printed or often
repeated form
Examples:
bible quotations
Panatang Makabayan
articles
Registers of Language
Formal or Regulated Register
- a one-way participation
- the use of language usually follows a
commonly accepted format
Examples:
news casting
announcements
public speeches
Registers of Language
Neutral, Professional or Consultative Register
- a two-way participation
- background information is needed
Examples:
doctor and patient
lawyer and client
conversation between teacher and student
Registers of Language
Informal, Group or Casual Register
- this is informal language used by peers
- slang and colloquialisms are normal
Examples:
chats and emails
buddies, teammates
blogs, letters to friends
Registers of Language
Very informal, Personal or Intimate Register
- the communication is private
- reserved for close family members or
intimate people
Examples:
siblings
boyfriend and girlfriend
parent and children
Directions: Think of the ways the English language is
used in Philippine pop culture. What additional
examples of unique expressions in English can you think
of that young Filipinos use in everyday interactions?