Clutch plate consist of steel plate with a central hub and

the annular friction facings are attached to the steel

plate by rivets & special resins. Following are the
different types of clutch plate friction materials.
Woven Type
Moulded or Compression type
Mill board type
Woven type - This type consists of a cloth impregnated
with certain binders. The cloth may either be woven like
ordinary cloth with wrap and weft or by winding the fibres
in circumferential direction only.

In the solid woven variety, the cloth is woven just to the
required thickness. In the case of laminated variety, the
layers of cloth one upon the other are held together by a
binder.
Moulded type: This is made by mixing asbestos fibres
with a suitable binding material, heating to a certain
well defined temperature and then moulding in dies
under pressure metallic wires are also sometimes
inserted to improve wearing qualities.

 Mill board type: This is only asbestos sheet treated

with certain impregnates. From this sheet are then the
facing discs cut according to different size
requirements. This is the cheapest available type but is
quite satisfactory.
Organic friction materials are the most common types of
clutch facing materials;
Leather: Dry leather on iron has co-efficient of friction of
0.27
Cork: Cork on dry steel or iron has co-efficient of friction
of 0.32
Fabric: Good quality fabric materials have co-efficient of
friction about 0.4. But they cannot be used at high
temperature.
Asbestos: Asbestos facings have co-efficient of friction of
about 0.2. However, it has got anti heat characteristics.
Reybestos and Ferodo: These have a co-efficient of
friction of about 0.35 and are most suitable as friction
facings. They are almost universally used for clutch facings.
For more severe applications sintered metal friction
material is sometimes used because it can
withstand higher temperatures. However its
disadvantage:' is that it tends to weld itself to the
mating pressure plate and flywheel surfaces at high
temperatures.
For very heavy vehicles operating under extreme
conditions, combined metal-ceramic friction material
can be used.
However these materials are satisfactory only when
operating under very high temperatures rather than
under light duty and low temperature when they tend
to have an abrasive action on the mating plate surfaces.