Two Spool Turbofan Low Bypass Engine Study

By

Nagaraja Bhagav R. Ravi Kiran Saurabh Nagariya Saurabh Tripathi

(19AE60R15) (19AE60R04) (19AE60R12) (19AE60R23)

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 Analysis

Two spool
Turbofan

Without With Without

Afterburner Afterburner Afterburner (at
(Ground) (Ground) 8km altitude)

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Engine Cut section

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 Engine Stages
 Two spool Bypass turbofan engine
Three stages of Transonic low-pressure compressor
Six-stage Transonic compressor (HPC)
Annular type combustor
Single-stage cooled High pressure turbine (HPT)
Single-stage Low pressure turbine (LPT)

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 Kaveri- Specifications
 Air-mass flow : 78 kg/s Maximum dry SFC : 22.08 g/KN-s
 By-pass ratio : 0.16 With After burner maximum
thrust : 81 kN (8260 kg)
Overall pressure ratio : 21.5
Turbine entry temperature : SFC : 57.48 g/KN-s
1487-1700 K Thrust-to-weight ratio : 7.8
Maximum dry thrust : 52 kN Application : Indian LCA
(5302 kg)

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Efficiencies

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Engine Stations

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 Cycle analysis data (Ground)
Station no Total temperature Total temperature Total pressure(kpa) Total pressure(kpa)
Gas turb Hand calculation Gas turb Hand calculation
k k

Amb 288.15 288.15 101.325 101.325

2 288.15 288.15 101.325 101.325
21 427.60 428.42 340.45 344.45
3 761.34 781.01 2178.89 2178.89
4 1500 1500 2113.52 2113.53
44 1214.61 1194.92 757.93 701.95
5 1078.06 1054.14 432.26 384.72
16 427.60 428.42 340.45 344.45
8 995 945 383.47 357.97

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 Cycle analysis data (Ground)
Without After burner With After burner

Parameter Calculation Calculation

Hand calculation Hand calculation
Gas turb Gas turb

FN (KN) 62.47 60.5 90.82 89.00

TSFC(g/kN-s)
22.61 24.87 47.46 46.8

WF 1.41 1.49 4.31 4.16

BPR 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
Efficiency
20.87 19.2 14.05 15.02
thermal(%)
Efficiency propulsive
0 0 0 0

Efficiency overall
0 0 0 0
 Cycle analysis data (at 8km altitude)
Station no Total temperature Total temperature Total Total
Gas turb Hand calculation pressure(kpa) pressure(kpa)
k k Gas turb Hand calculation

1 253.19 253.20 45.404 44.41

2 253.19 253.20 45.404 44.41
21 376.24 376.46 152.59 149.21
3 674.88 686.29 976.57 954.94
4 1500 1500 947.28 926.29
44 1237.2 1224.27 370.21 368.84
5 1112.47 1103.07 223.58 230.69
16 376.24 376.46 152.59 149.21
8 1015.41 1004.90 178.82 207.13

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 Performance parameter comparison
Ground (without after burner) Altitude (without after burner)

Parameter Calculation Calculation

Hand calculation Hand calculation
Gas turb Gas turb

FN(KN)
62.47 60.5 19.50 19.14

TSFC(g/kN-s)
22.61 24.87 29.55 69.56

WF 1.41 1.49 0.5763 1.3314

BPR 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
Thermal
20.87 19.21 19.37 22.80
Efficiency(%)
Propulsive
Efficiency(%) 0 0 35.31 27.09

overall Efficiency(%) 6.84

0 0 6.17
 T- S Diagram

Without afterburner With afterburner

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Definitions of efficiencies used in gasturb

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Parametric study at ground

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Core efficiency Vs HP compressor pressure ratio

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Fuel consumption vs HP compressor pressure ratio

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Specific thrust vs HP compressor pressure ratio

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SFC vs HP compressor pressure ratio

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Thrust and Fuel flow variation with altitude

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Variation of Propulsive efficiency Vs HPC PRESSURE RATIO with TIT at 8km altitude

Overall pressure ratio

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Variation of Overall efficiency Vs OPR with TIT at 8km altitude

Overall pressure ratio

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 Graphs Plotted

 Variation of TIT and fan pressure ratio and keeping the OPR and BPR constants
Variation of Sp. Thrust Vs PR with TIT
Variation of TSFC Vs PR with TIT
Variation of FC Vs PR with TIT
Variation of Propulsive efficiency Vs PR with TIT
Variation of Thermal efficiency Vs PR with TIT
Variation of Overall efficiency Vs PR with TIT

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 Variation of Sp. Thrust Vs PR with TIT
STATIONARY AT 8000 M ALTITUDE

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 Variation of SFC Vs PR with TIT
STATIONARY AT 8000 M ALTITUDE

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 Variation of Core efficiency Vs PR with TIT
STATIONARY AT 8000 M ALTITUDE

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Variation of Propulsive efficiency Vs PR with TIT at 8km altitude

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Variation of Overall efficiency Vs PR with TIT at 8km altitude

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 Graphs Plotted (c)

Variation of TIT and BPR and keeping the fan pressure ratio and OPR constants
 Variation of Sp. Thrust Vs BPR with TIT
 Variation of TSFC Vs BPR with TIT
 Variation of FC Vs BPR with TIT
 Variation of Propulsive efficiency Vs BPR with TIT
 Variation of Thermal efficiency Vs BPR with TIT
 Variation of Overall efficiency Vs BPR with TIT

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 Variation of Sp. Thrust Vs BPR with TIT
STATIONARY AT 8000 M ALTITUDE

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 Variation of SFC Vs BPR with TIT
STATIONARY AT 8000 M ALTITUDE

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Variation of Core efficiency Vs BPR with
TIT
STATIONARY AT 8000 M ALTITUDE

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Variation of Propulsive efficiency Vs BPR with TIT at
8km altitude

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Variation of Overall efficiency Vs BPR with TIT at 8km altitude

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References
https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/English/index.jsp?pg=kaveri-new.jsp
GAS TURBINE THEORY BY HIH SARAVANAMUTTOO, H. COHEN & GFC ROGERS

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THANK YOU

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