Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Cerebral
Cortex
Cortex
Dominant Hemisphere
Language
– speech, writing
Calculation
Non-dominant Hemisphere
Spatial Perception (3D subject)
Singing
Playing musical instrument
Language
3D perception
Speech
Singing
Writing
Playing Musical
Calculation
instrument
Split Brain
Commissuratomy
(split corpus callosum)
Roger Sperry
(1913-1994)
1981 Nobel
Laureate
Language Areas
Dorsal surface
Diencephalon
Ventral surface
Diencephalon
Medial Surface
THALAMUS
Classification
Classification of
of Thalamic
Thalamic Nuclei
Nuclei
I. Lateral Nuclear Group
II. Medial Nuclear Group
III. Anterior Nuclear Group
IV. Posterior Nuclear Group
V. Metathalamic Nuclear Group
VI. Intralaminar Nuclear Group
VII. Thalamic Reticular Nucleus
Classification
Classification of
of Thalamic
Thalamic Nuclei
Nuclei
Basal
Ganglia
Basal Ganglia Introduction
Basal Ganglia Introduction
Corpus Striatum
Caudate Nucleus
Neostriatum Striatum
Lenticular Nucleus Putamen
Globus Pallidus Paleostriatum Pallidum
Corpus Amygdaloideum Archistriatum
Afferent Connections of Basal Ganglia
Efferent Connections of Basal Ganglia
HUNTINGTON’S CHOREA
Clinical Feature
- Predominantly autosomal dominantly
inherited chronic fatal disease
(Gene: chromosome 4)
- Insidious onset: Usually 40-50
- Choreic movements in onset
- Frequently associated with
emotional disturbances
- Ultimately, grotesque gait and sever
dysarthria, progressive dementia
ensues.
Principal Pathologic Lesion:
Corpus Striatum (esp. caudate nucleus)
and Cerebral Cortex
SYDENHAM’S
SYDENHAM’SCHOREA
CHOREA
Clinical Feature
- Complication of
Rheumatic Fever
- Fine, disorganized , and
random movements of
extremities, face and
tongue
- Accompanied by
Muscular Hypotonia
- Typical exaggeration of
associated movements
during voluntary activity
- Usually recovers
spontaneously
Principal Pathologic Lesion: Corpus Striatum in 1 to 4 months
HEMIBALLISM
HEMIBALLISM
Clinical Feature
Disease of mesostriatal
dopaminergic system
Substantia Nigra,
Pars Compacta (SNc)
DOPAminergic Neuron
Slowness of Movement
- Difficulty in Initiation and Cessation
of Movement
Parkinson’s Disease
Paralysis Agitans
Allocortex
Archicortex (Archipallium)
Palaeocortex (Paleopallium)
Isocortex
Neocortex (Neopallium)
I. Molecular Layer
II. External Granular Layer
III. External Pyramidal Layer
IV. Internal Granular Layer
V. Internal Pyramidal Layer
VI. Polymorphic Layer
I. Molecular Layer
II. External Granular Layer
III. External Pyramidal Layer
Line of Kaes-Bechterew