POLITICAL

IDEOLOGIES
Essential Question:
How do ideologies bring about social
change?
KWENTONG BAHAY
BRAINSTORMING:
 Howdo your parents manage your
household?

 Whatare the things you wish to

change the way your household is
managed?
HOUSEHOLD IDEOLOGY
MANAGEMENT
VIDEO PRESENTATION
Guide Questions:
 What is the real meaning of the word
IDEOLOGY?

 What are the differences between various political

ideologies of the world?

 In your own opinion, what would be the best

political ideology for the current political situation
of our country? Why?
FACT
or
BLUFF
FACT or BLUFF
 The terms “Left” and “Right”
trace their origin to the French
Revolution and the seating
arrangements adopted by the
different groups at the first
meeting of the Estates-General
FACT
FACT or BLUFF
 ANAK-PAWIS and PASANG-
MASDA are just two of the
different groups believing in the
ideology of Feminism.
BLUFF
FACT or BLUFF
 From the time when the
Philippines declared itself a
sovereign state in 1898, the
nation has had four major
constitutions.
FACT
FACT or BLUFF
 Ideologiesoftentimes
depending on its position
from the power spectrum at
a given time, can be
generally considered
conservative, reformist, and
FACT
FACT or BLUFF
Centrists can be
classified as reliable
defender of the status
quo, when it is deemed
dominant and in power.
BLUFF
FACT or BLUFF
 Conservatism this is the
longest existing ideology
in the country prominently
embodied by political
electoral parties since the
''granting" of Philippine
BLUFF
FACT or BLUFF
 A belief in equality and the
"classless society," and
especially a desire to give
the worker his "just" rights
and a reasonable status at
work is one of the principle of
FACT
 WHAT IS
IDEOLOGY?
 Ideology
 generally refers to ideas, principles,
values, or a set of comprehensive
beliefs and attitudes which are
logically related that lend legitimacy or
illegitimacy to existing political,
economic and social institutions and
processes (Rodee et. al. 1983:76-77;
Lawson 1989:56-57)
Ideology
 It offers a critique of
the existing system
and a view of an ideal
system.
Ideology
 It can be used to justify
the status quo and resist
every attempt to alter it
or serve the purpose of
change.
Ideology
 It can be an instrument
of oppression or
liberation depending on
the perspective it is
being viewed.
POLITICAL IDEOLOGY
ANARCHISM
ABSOLUTISM
LIBERALISM
CONSERVATISM

SOCIALISM
LEFT WING
- Government has bigger or total
ownership of the state
- There is a minimal or “no”
personal/individual choice or freedom
RIGHT WING
- Government has limited or “no”
ownership on the production and
distribution of goods of the state
- There is a maximum individual freedom
and choice
ISIP-ISIP
 Thinkof a everyday activity
wherein you can connect the
concept of LEFT and RIGHT
Wing (Political Ideologies).
Explain your answer. (1-2
sentences)
ANARCHISM
 Itis the belief that the best
government is absolutely NO
government.
 Everything about the
government is repressive and
therefore must be abolished
entirely.
 Anarchists believe that
government should be so
small that it hardly ever
interferes in citizens’ lives,
thereby best preserving
individual liberty.
Best Example:
 Russia has had a long association with
anarchism. Many prominent members of this
movement were Russian, including Mikhail
Bakunin, considered the “father of
anarchism”. Russian anarchists engaged in
a number of terrorist attacks in the late
nineteenth and early twentieth centuries,
including the assassination of Czar
Alexander II in 1881.
ABSOLUTISM
 This ideology believes that a single
ruler should have control over
every aspect of the government and
of the people’s lives.
 Absolute rulers had a variety of
titles, including chieftain, king,
shah, pharaoh, emperor, sultan,
and prince.
ABSOLUTISM
 Insome cultures, the absolute
ruler was seen as a god in
human form.
 Other people believed that their
ruler had the Divine Right Of
Kings, meaning that God had
chosen the ruler to govern the
rest.
ABSOLUTISM
 As a result, many cultures with
absolute rulers practiced some
form of Caesaropapism, the
belief that the ruler is head of both
the governmental authority and
the religious authority.
ABSOLUTISM
 As a result, many cultures with
absolute rulers practiced some
form of Caesaropapism, the
belief that the ruler is head of both
the governmental authority and
the religious authority.
ABSOLUTISM
 English philosopher Thomas Hobbes,
meanwhile, was perhaps the most
persuasive proponent of absolutism.
 In his book Leviathan (1651), he argued
that life without governments was “nasty,
brutish, and short” and that people must
willingly submit to absolute rulers—even
tyrannical ones—in order to live longer,
more stable lives.
CONSERVATISM
As a political attitude, is
defined by the desire to
conserve and is reflected in
a resistance to change.
CONSERVATISM
The central themes of
conservative ideology are
tradition, human
imperfection, organic
society, authority and
property.
CONSERVATISM
 For a conservative, tradition
reflects the accumulated wisdom
of the past, and institutions and
practices that have been 'tested
by time'; it should be preserved for
the benefit of the living and for
generations yet to come.
CONSERVATISM
 Conservative thought, however, has
always been open to the charge that it
amounts to nothing more than ruling
class ideology. In proclaiming the
need to resist change, it legitimizes
the status quo and defends the
interests of dominant or elite groups.
CONSERVATISM
For conservatists, experience
and history will always provide
a sounder basis for political
action than will abstract
principles such as freedom,
equality and justice.
SOCIALISM
 The core of socialism is
a vision of human beings
as social creatures
united by their common
humanity.
SOCIALISM
This highlights the degree to
which individual identity is
fashioned by social
interaction and the
membership of social groups
and collective bodies.
SOCIALISM
JohnDonne put it in a
quotation, “No man is an
Island entire of itself;
every man is a piece of
the Continent, a part of
the main.”
SOCIALISM
Socialists prefer
cooperation to
competition, and favor
collectivism over
individualism
SOCIALISM
Socialists believe that a measure of
social equality is the essential
guarantee of social stability and
cohesion, and that it promotes
freedom in the sense that it satisfies
material needs and provides the
basis for personal development.
 SOCIALISM
 Socialism arose as a reaction against the
social and economic conditions generated
in Europe by the growth of industrial
capitalism. The birth of socialist ideas
was linked to the development of growing
class of industrial workers, who suffered
the poverty and degradation that are so
often a feature of early industrialization.
SOCIALISM
 The moral strength of socialism derives
not from its concern with what people are
like, but with what they have the
capacity to become. This has led
socialists to develop utopian visions of a
better society in which human beings can
achieve genuine emancipation and
fulfillment as members of a community.
LIBERALISM
The basic characteristics of
liberalism is the limited
government, which draws its
power from the people. In
practice, this has meant favoring
a democratic government.
LIBERALISM
The central theme of this
ideology is a commitment to the
individual and to the
construction of the society in
which individuals can satisfy
their interests or achieve
fulfillment.
LIBERALISM
The liberal belief that human
beings are, first and foremost,
individuals, endowed with reason,
implies that each individual
should enjoy the maximum
possible freedom consistent
with a like freedom for all.
LIBERALISM
Liberals typically believe that
government is necessary to
protect individuals from being
harmed by others, but they also
recognize that government itself
can pose a threat to liberty.
LIBERALISM
It is a belief in a 'minimal'
state, whose function is
limited to the maintenance
of domestic order and
personal security.