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Introduction
• A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a technology which allows a
human to control a computer, peripheral, or other electronic device
with thought.
• The computer then translates these electric signals into data which is
used to control a computer or a device linked to a computer.
Basic block diagram of a BCI system incorporating signal detection, processing and deployment
Major Historical Events
• 1924 ,Hans Berger, a German neurologist was the first to record human brain activity by means of
EEG.
• 1970, Research on BCIs began at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA).
• Following years of animal experimentation, the first neuroprosthetic devices implanted in humans
appeared in the mid-1990s.
• 2005. Matthew Nagle was one of the first persons to use a BCI to restore functionality lost due to
paralysis.
• 2013 Duke University researchers successfully connected the brains of two rats with electronic
interfaces that allowed them to directly share information, in the first-ever direct brain-to-brain
interface.
How the brain turns thoughts into action ?
• The brain is full of neurons; these neurons are connected to each
other by axons and dendrites.
• Your neurons - as you think about anything or do anything - are at
work.
• Your neurons connect with each other to form a super highway for
nerve impulses to travel from neuron to neuron to produce thought,
hearing, speech, or movement.
• If you have an itch and you reach to scratch it; you received a stimulus
(an itch) and reacted in response to the stimulus by scratching.
• The electrical signals that generated the thought and action travel at a
rate of about 250 feet per second or faster, in some cases.
BCI
Working
Partial
Invasive Invasive Non Invasive
• Electrocorticography(ECoG) is the
example of partially invasive BCI.
• Monitor attention in long-distance drivers or aircraft pilots, send out alert and
warning for aircraft pilots.
BCI2000
BCI Gaming
Kevin Warwick – The First Human Cyborg
Wireless BCI systems
Advantages of BCI