GEO DAMIN.

M
Utracon Structural Systems Pvt. Ltd.
 Introduction to Flat slabs / plates
 Preliminary Data Study
 Analysis
 DDM & EFM
 Bending Behavior of flat slabs
 Design
 Strength
 Flexural Strength
 Shear Strength
 Serviceability
 Cracking
 Deflection
 Vibration
 Detailing
 Rebar Detailing
 Tedon Detailing
 Discussions on Sample Layout plans
 Reinforced concrete solid (no beams) slab with or
without having drop panels.
 Columns may or may not have flared column heads
(column capital)
 Presence of drop or capital depends on punching shear
and flexural steel considerations
 Merits
 More flexible to run service lines
 Easy Form work
 Good Aesthetic
 More span (Generally up to 16m)
 Demerits
 Vibration
 Poor Seismic performance
 Column strip
- A design strip having a
width of .25 times of bay
width on each side of the
column line
 Middle strip
- Bounded on each of its
opposite sides by the
column strip
 Tributary area
 Load sharing area of a
slab panel by a beam /
column
 It is useful to calculate
the punching shear
force at a particular
column
 Feasibility check
 Data's Required
 Span
 Size of column
 Type of occupancy
 Loading Pattern
 Seismic zone
 Flat slab / plate?
 Preliminary sizing
 Thickness of flat slab
 Controlled by span to effective
depth ratio
 And punching shear
requirement
 Minimum thickness of slab
180mm
 Drop panels
 Generally the depth would be
twice the slab depth
 Size shall be span/6 on all
sides
 Identification of critical locations
 Visual justification of flat slab behavior
 Variations in spans
 Variations in Loads
 Variations in column sizes
 Presence of cutouts if any
 Presence of large cantilevers if any
 Minimum requirement of span
 Seismic considerations
 Direct Design Method
Fixed coefficients are used for moments for various
parts of the slab.
 Equivalent frame method
Actual frames have to be analyzed by one of the
classical methods of structural analysis, eg. moment
distribution method.
Analysis Steps  Only for uniformly
distributed gravity
loads
Calculation of
iso-static moment  At least three spans
required
Calculation of
+ve & -ve moments  Not applicable for one
as a fraction of M
way behavior

Apportion of these
 Live load pattern not
moments to C/S & M/S applicable
 Total Moment

Total
Total
–ve moment
+ve moment
65%
35%

Column Strip Middle Strip

Column Strip Middle Strip
60% 40%
75% 25%
 Rigorous than DDM
 No limitations such as DDM
 Calculation of +ve & -ve moments varies from DDM
 Compulsory for lateral load analysis
 RAPT works based on EFM
Effect of pattern live load over a frame
Max. & Min BMD for Pattern Loading
Understanding Moment contour
Cont…
 Design for Ultimate
strength
 Flexural (Bending) strength
 Shear (two way shear)
strength
 Design for serviceability
 Stresses
 Deflection
 Vibration
 Design for Transfer stage
 Stresses
 Deflection
 Selection of tendons depends on
 Load balancing concept
 Ultimate and service stage design considerations
(strength, stresses and deflection etc.,)
 Minimum and Maximum amount of P/A
 Minimum and maximum spacing of tendons
 The provided strands will act as a high grade tensioned
reinforcement in strength point of view.
 Bottom Mat reinforcement shall be 0.12% of gross
area
 Middle strip Reinforcement shall be minimum Ast
or as per ductility requirement.
 Shrinkage mat shall be .075% of cross section for
slab thk. 300mm and above.
 Drop Panel bottom mat shall be minimum Ast or
Ductility reinforcement as per requirement.
 It is a failure of section against shear stresses developed
at junction of Flat slab and column.

 One way shear

 Critical section lies at ‘d’ distance from column face.
 It may not be a critical one in most of the cases (flat slabs)
 Punching shear (two way shear)
 Critical section lies at ‘0.5d’ distance from the face of the column
 Gravity forces combined with unbalance moments made it a critical
one.
 Column drops and capitals reduces the punching shear
 Two components of shear
stress
 Shear Stress due to Gravity
force
 Shear Stress due to
Unbalanced moment
 Criticality is mainly
depends on section
depth, loading, size of
column and presence of
drop panel / column
capital
 At least three cases to be checked for each slab
 Data Required:
 Shear force
 Section Depth
 Size of column
 Unbalanced moment on Both directions
 Grade of concrete
 Calculation of Effective depth ‘d’
 Calculation of perimeter ‘p’
 Calculation of factored shear force ‘Vu’
 Calculation of polar moment of inertia ‘Jxx’
 Calculation of percentage of moment transfer as shear
 Calculation of Nominal shear stress

 Calculation of maximum shear capacity of concrete

 Calculate the maximum shear capacity with shear

reinforcement
 Ductile detailing shall be done as per IS:13920.
 There is no clear information available for Flat slabs.
 It only species the amount of reinforcement to be
provided in compression zone.
 Minimum spacing of tendon
shall be 8 times the slab
thickness
 Maximum length of single end
tendon shall be up to 35m.
 C/S and M/S tendons shall be
proportioned as per their
moment distribution
 Minimum and maximum P/A
Different Slab systems
Cont…
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Thank you!!!