TLP

SUBJECT: TROOP LEADING PROCEDURE

1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
INSTRUCTOR:
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
LTC EDWIN RESPICIO (INF) GSC PA
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection
Assistant Chief of Staff for Personnel, G1
4. Initiate Movement Army Reserve Command
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
TIME:
8. Supervise 111900 DECEMBER 2009
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Troop Leading
TLP
1. Receive Mission
Procedures
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
•
•
are the dynamic processes
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
•
•
by which a leader receives,
COA Comparison
COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance plans and executes a
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
mission.

FM 7-10, Chapter 2
 TROOP LEADING
PROCEDURE
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order

•
Troop leading is the process a
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
leader goes through to prepare his
•

4. Initiate Movement unit to accomplish a tactical mission.

COA Selection

5. Conduct
ReconnaissanceIt begins when he is alerted for a
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise mission.
It starts again when he receives a
change or a new mission.
 STEPS OF TROOP LEADING PROCEDURE

TLP
1. Receive Mission STEP 1. Receive the Mission.
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
STEP 2. Issue a Warning Order.
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
STEP 3. Make a Tentative Plan.
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
STEP 4. Start Necessary Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance STEP 5. Reconnoiter.
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order STEP 6. Complete the Plan.
8. Supervise
STEP 7. Issue the Complete Order.
STEP 8. Supervise Movement.
 Receive The Mission
TLP • Begins with receipt of initial
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order WARNORD, OPORD, or FRAGO
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
• PL determines probable mission
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement • PL conducts initial time analysis

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan • Begins Mission Analysis
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

This step gets the planning and

preparation process underway by
enabling the leader to prepare and
issue a Warning Order as quickly as
possible.
 Receive the Mission
TLP
1. Receive Mission • Conduct an INITIAL Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
and Quick Time ANALYSIS.
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
 Determine the time available from
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection mission receipt to execution.
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct  Determine the time needed by self
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan and subordinates to plan, coordinate,
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise issue orders, prepare, reconnoiter,
rehearse and execute the mission.
 Issue Warning Order
• Usually given orally
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order • Includes:
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis  Unit’s probable mission/type of operation
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
 Platoon leader’s initial time planning
• COA Comparison timeline
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
 Any additional information available
5. Conduct  Initial instructions-movement/recon
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan  USES 5 PARAGRAPH FORMAT
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

This enables subordinate units to begin

the parallel planning process.
 Make a Tentative Plan
TLP • Mission Analysis
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Course of Action Development
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection • Analysis of Courses of Action
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
• Comparison of Courses of Action
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
• Course of Action Selection/ Decision
 Mission Analysis
TLP • Identify Purpose
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order – Commanders Mission, Concept
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
& Intent 1 & 2 LEVELS UP
• Specified Tasks
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
• Implied Tasks
COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
• Constraints (Require Action vs.
6. Complete the Plan Prohibit Action)
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise • Identify Essential Tasks
• Restated Mission

FM 7-10, pg 2-16
 Mission Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
TMTET-C
•
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
T IME
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection
• M ISSION
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
• T ERRAIN AND WEATHER
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order • E NEMY SITUATION
8. Supervise
• T ROOPS AVAILABLE
• C IVILLIANS
 Initiate Movement
TLP
1. Receive Mission • Centered on assisting in
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
preparation or posturing the
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
platoon for future operations, for
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection example:
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
– movement to an assembly area, battle
Reconnaissance position, or attack position
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
– reconnaissance to the line of
departure
– establishment of guides
– quartering parties
 Initiate Movement
TLP • May occur at any point in the
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
Troop Leading Process
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
• Examples:
– Move main body to Area of
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement Operations

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
– Send out recon teams
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
– Begin gathering necessary
equipment
– Begin rehearsing drills you
anticipate using
 Complete the Plan
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• The platoon leader expands his
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Course of Action (COA) into a
• COA Development
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
complete order and includes:
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement – maneuver graphics

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance – terrain model and/or sketch
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order – briefing area
8. Supervise
– fire support plan
– CSS and C2 requirements
– final coordination with adjacent units
 Issue the Order
• Can be issued either orally or written.
TLP • Using the five paragraph format, the platoon
1. Receive Mission
leader concisely and precisely explains how
2. Issue the Warning Order the platoon will accomplish its assigned
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
mission.
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
– Subordinates share the PL’s vision
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison – Understand how all elements work
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
together
5. Conduct – Walk away with a clear understanding of
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
what has to happen
7. Issue the Order • Issue while observing the combat area if
8. Supervise
possible.
• Possible aids that can be utilized:
– Terrain models
– Map boards
– Sketches FM 7-8, pg 2-9
 Supervise and Refine
TLP • Rehearsals
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order – battle drills
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C – actions on the objective
• COA Development
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison – breaching
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement – special teams

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
• Inspections
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
– weapons and ammunition
– mission essential equipment
– brief-back
• Refine Plan given changing conditions
 Troop Leading Procedures
1. Receive Mission
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection 4. Initiate Movement
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance 5. Conduct Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise 6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
QUESTIONS?
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Troop Leading Procedures

TLP 1. Receive Mission Analysis of Time and Mission

1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order 2. Issue the Warning Order 5 Paragraph
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection 4. Initiate Movement
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
5. Conduct Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order 6. Complete the Plan
8. Supervise

7. Issue the Order

8. Supervise
 Mission Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission
TMTET-C
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• T IME
•

•
Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
M ISSION
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement • T ERRAIN AND WEATHER

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
• E NEMY SITUATION
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise • T ROOPS AVAILABLE
• C IVIL CONSIDERATIONS

“See the Terrain, See the Enemy, See Yourself.”

 Mission Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission
TMTET-C
• TIME ANALYSIS
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
– Initial time analysis allows a Platoon
Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
Leader to determine the total amount
• COA Selection of time to develop, prepare, and
4. Initiate Movement execute a plan.
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance – Platoon Leader should plan to use no
6. Complete the Plan more than one third of the time
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
available, thus leaving his
subordinates with two thirds of the
available time (1/3-2/3 rule).
– Backward Planning
– Ongoing, drives the planning
process
 Mission Analysis
TLP TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission • T IME ANALYSIS
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan – Considerations:
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C • Specified Times – dictated in the
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis Company CDR’s WARNO/OPORD
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection – Backbriefs
4. Initiate Movement – Rehearsals
5. Conduct – LD
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan – Mission Execution Times: At/NLT/NET
7. Issue the Order – Logistic Requirements
8. Supervise
– COMMEX

• Implied Times – not dictated in the

Company CDR’s WARNO/OPORD
– PLT/SQD level planning (Backbriefs,
OPORD, Rehearsals, COMMEX, etc.)
  The leader should use no
more than one third of the
TLP available time for his own
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
planning and for issuing his
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
operation order. The remaining
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
two thirds is for subordinates to
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection plan and prepare for the
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct operation.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Leaders should also consider
other factors such as available
daylight and travel time to and
from orders and rehearsals.
 In the offense,
TLP The leader has one third of
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
the time from his receipt of the
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
mission to the unit’s LD time.
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
 In the defense,
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
 He has one third of the time
8. Supervise
from mission receipt to the
time the squad or platoon
must be prepared to defend.
TLP  In scheduling preparation
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
activities, the leader should
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
work backwards from the
•
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
LD or defend time. This is
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
reverse planning.
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan

He must allow enough time

7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

for the completion of each

task.
 0430 - Mission execution
2400 - Establish ORP, begins
TLP leader’s recon
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order 2000 - Begin movement
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C 1900 - Rehearsals
• COA Development
•
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
COA Selection
1800 - Meals (tray packs)
4. Initiate Movement 1700 - Squad OPORD
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
1600 - Squad leader’s brief back to
7. Issue the Order platoon leader
8. Supervise
1430 - Platoon OPORD
1130 - Company OPORD
1100 - Receive company warning
order and give platoon warning order
 Mission Analysis
TLP TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission • MISSION (Analysis of Mission)
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan – What is a Mission Statement?
• Mission Analysis
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
• A clear, concise statement of the mission
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
essential task to be accomplished and
• COA Selection purpose to be achieved by the company.
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct • Only one essential task.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
• Answers the who, what, when, where,
7. Issue the Order and why of the mission.
8. Supervise

– Why do we analyze the Mission?

• It’s what our boss wants us to do! (one
and two levels up).
 Mission Analysis
TLP TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
• MISSION (Analysis of
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Mission)
– Nested Concept
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement – Our Mission is a

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
piece of the
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise big pie BN BN
CO
CO BN
PLT PLT
PLT
 Mission Analysis
TLP TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
• MISSION (Analysis of
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Mission)
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct VERTICAL
Reconnaissance NESTING
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

HORIZONTAL NESTING
 Mission Essential Task
TLP
1. Receive Mission
• Failure to accomplish a mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
essential task results in the units
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
failure to accomplish its primary
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison purpose for that operation.
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement • A mission essential task is the most

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance important task to be achieved in any
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order mission.
8. Supervise
• In a well written OPORD the mission
essential task will be found in the
maneuver paragraph.
 Mission Analysis
TLP TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
• MISSION – Specified and
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Implied Tasks
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis A task is a clearly defined and measurable
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection activity accomplished by soldiers or units:
4. Initiate Movement A. DIRECTED AGAINST ENEMY:
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance  FIND, BLOCK, INTERDICT, DELAY,
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order DESTROY, OR RECONNOITER
8. Supervise B. DIRECTED AGAINST TERRAIN:
 SEIZE, SECURE, CLEAR, OCCUPY,
OR RETAIN
C. DIRECTED TO FRIENDLY FORCES:
 GUARD, SCREEN, OR SECURE.
 Specified Tasks
TLP Specified Tasks: Are tasks
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order specifically assigned to a subordinate
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
unit by higher headquarters.
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Examples:
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
Occupy BP 1.
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise Establish Patrol Base vic grid
GL 664091.
Construct wire obstacle.
 Implied Tasks
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
Implied Tasks: Are those tasks
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
that must be performed in order to
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
accomplish the specified task, but
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection which are not stated in the higher
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct headquarters’ order.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise THEY ARE NOT ROUTINE OR
SOP.
 Constraints
TLP
1. Receive Mission • Two Types:
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
– Those that require action
•
– Those that prohibit action
Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
Examples:
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
Require Prohibit
Hard Times Boundaries
MOPP levels Radio silence
 Mission Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission
TMTET-C
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• TERRAIN AND WEATHER
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
– This analysis allows you to see
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
the battlefield more clearly—you
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
won’t be planning your mission
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
in a vacuum.
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
– Terrain analysis will aid you in
8. Supervise route selection and arraying
your forces.
– Terrain and weather affect your
movement speed, direction of
attack, smoke deployment, etc.
 AO vs. AI
Area of Operations (AO)— A
TLP geographical area, including the
1. Receive Mission airspace above, usually defined
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan by lateral, forward, and rear
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C boundaries assigned to a
•
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
commander, by a higher
• COA Selection commander, in which he has
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
responsibility and the authority to
Reconnaissance conduct military operations.
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order Area of Interest (AI)—A geographical
8. Supervise
area…[that] includes any threat
forces or characteristics of the
battlefield environment that will
significantly influence
accomplishment of the
command’s mission.
 Mission Analysis
TMTET-C
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
Classification of Terrain
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C • UNRESTRICTED: Indicates terrain free of
• COA Development
• COA Analysis constraints to movement. Nothing needs to be
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection done to enhance mobility.
4. Initiate Movement • RESTRICTED: Hinders movement to some
5. Conduct degree. Little effort is needed to enhance
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
mobility but units are unable to move at desired
7. Issue the Order speeds or combat formations.
8. Supervise
• SEVERELY RESTRICTED: Hinders or slows
movement in combat formations unless some
effort is made to enhance mobility (i.e.
Engineer Assets).
 Mission Analysis

TLP
TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
Classification of Terrain
• Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
How would the classifications of
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection Severely Restricted, Restricted,
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
and Unrestricted terrain differ
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
for mechanized forces and light
8. Supervise
forces?
 Mission Analysis

TLP
TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Obstacles
• Mission Analysis

• Avenues of
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection Approach
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
• Key Terrain
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
• Observation and
Fields of Fire
• Cover and
Concealment
 Terrain Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order Obstacles
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Any natural or manmade obstruction that
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
canalizes, delays, stops, restricts, or
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection
diverts movement.
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance • Classified as existing and reinforcing.
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order • Existing obstacles are classified as
8. Supervise
natural or man-made.
• Reinforcing obstacles are classified as
tactical or protective.
 Terrain Analysis
TLP Existing Obstacles
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
• Natural obstacles involve terrain,
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection topography, and/or physical
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
characteristics that affect or
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
impede movement.
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

• Man-made obstacles involve

human influence that affect or
impede maneuver or arrangement.
 Terrain Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission Reinforcing Obstacles
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
• Tactical Obstacles: Those
Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
•
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
COA Selection
obstacles employed to disrupt
4. Initiate Movement enemy formations, to turn them
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance into a desired area, to fix them in
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
position under direct and indirect
8. Supervise fires, or to block enemy
penetrations.
• Protective Obstacles: Obstacles
employed to assist a unit in its
local, close-in protection.
 Terrain Analysis
Avenues of Approach
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order An air or ground route of an attacking force of a
3. Make a Tentative Plan given size leading to its objective or to key terrain
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
in its path.
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection
Mobility Corridor - Areas where a force will be
canalized due to terrain restrictions. They allow
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
military forces to capitalize on mass and tempo.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
Avenues of Approach are a series of Mobility
8. Supervise Corridors that are mutually supporting and linked
together.
 Terrain Analysis
Key Terrain
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Any locality or area where the seizure,
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
retention, or control of affords a marked
• COA Development
• COA Analysis advantage to either combatant.
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
• Examples:
6. Complete the Plan – Terrain with good observation over AoAs
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise – Terrain providing cover of an obstacle
– Terrain dominating a road junctions
– Dominant high ground
 Terrain Analysis
TLP Observation and Fields of Fire
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Observation is the area which one can
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
see from a given position.
•
• Fields of Fire is the area which a weapon
COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement or group of weapons may cover

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
effectively with fire from a given position.
6. Complete the Plan • Considerations: Line of sight,
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise • inter-visibility lines, foliage, etc.
 Terrain Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission Cover and
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan Concealment
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection • Cover is protection
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
from the effects of
Reconnaissance direct and indirect
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order fires.
8. Supervise

• Concealment is
protection from
observation.
 Military Aspects of Terrain
• Make a Graphic Terrain Overlay (GTO) to
make the 5 aspects stand out:
TLP – Obstacles—Restrictive, Severely
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
Restrictive
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
– Avenues of Approach— Non-
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
Restrictive, Roads
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
– Cover and Concealment
• COA Selection
• Where is the map green? Better C&C
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
• Where is it white? Worse C&C
Reconnaissance – Observation and Fields of Fire
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order • Opposite rule of thumb from C&C
8. Supervise • High ground to low ground, ridgelines
– Key Terrain—Given the other four
aspects, what ground gives a distinct
advantage to owning it? Why?
• Apply this to your COA Sketch
 Weather
TLP
•
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
Visibility
•

•
Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
Winds
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement • Temperature

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan • Precipitation
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
• Cloud Cover

FM 7-10 pg 2-21
 Other Considerations
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Seasonal effects
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
• Vegetation
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection • Drainage
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct • Soil Composition
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
• Intervisibility Lines (IV lines)
8. Supervise • Cultural/Religious Obstacles
(landmarks)
 ISSUE A WARNING ORDER
The leader provides initial
TLP instructions in a warning order.
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order The warning order contains enough
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
information to begin preparation as
•
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
soon as possible.
•
 Platoon SOPs should prescribe
COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance who will attend all warning orders
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order and the actions they must take upon
8. Supervise
receipt:
 (Example) drawing ammunition,
rations and water, and checking
communications equipment.
 The warning order has no
TLP specific format. One technique
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order is to use the five - paragraph
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
OPORD format.
 The leader issues the warning
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement order with all the information he

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance has available at the time. He
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order provides updates as often as
8. Supervise
necessary.
The leader never waits for
information to fill a format.
 If available, the following
TLP
1. Receive Mission information may be included
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan in a warning order.
• Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
The mission or nature of the
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection operation.
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
 Who is participating in the
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
operation.
8. Supervise
Time of the operation.
 Time and place for issuance
of the operation order.
 Troop Leading
Procedures
TLP 1. Receive Mission
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan 2. Issue the Warning Order Mission Analysis
• Mission Analysis Analysis of TMTET-C
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
3. Make a Tentative Plan Course of Action
• COA Comparison Development
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
4. Initiate Movement COA Analysis
5. Conduct
COA Comparison
Reconnaissance 5. Conduct Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan COA Selection
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise 6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Mission Analysis
TLP Analysis of TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• TIME
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
• MISSION
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection • TERRAIN AND WEATHER
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct • ENEMY SITUATION
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
• TROOPS AVAILABLE
8. Supervise • CIVIL CONSIDERATIONS

“See the Terrain, See the Enemy, See

Yourself.”
 Mission Analysis

TLP
Analysis of TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order • ENEMY SITUATION
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis • Understanding the Enemy:
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
– What are you facing on the OBJ?
•
– What are you facing enroute?
COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
– Consider the enemy on your OBJ a
maneuver element—he will be
shooting at you.
– Analyzing by Battlefield
Operating System (BOS) gives
you a way of systematically
understanding what the enemy
brings to the fight.
 Enemy Analysis
TLP
1. Receive Mission • Order of Battle
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
 Disposition
• Mission Analysis  Composition
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development  Strength
COA
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection
 Capabilities
(Paragraph 1a)
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct • Analyze by BOS
Reconnaissance Intelligence
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
Maneuver
8. Supervise Fire Support
Mobility/ Countermobility/ Survivability
Air Defense
CSS
C2 (Battle Command)
Logistics
 Disposition
General information: Big picture
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
•Briefly discuss two levels up,
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
focus one level up. Include
•
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
disposition of enemy in PLT’s
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement AO
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
Include:
8. Supervise
•General locations
•Recent activities
•General size of enemy
 Composition
TLP Specific information:
1. Receive Mission

•Where are they? How are they

2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
arrayed on the battlefield?
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement •What weapons and gear do they

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
have (by type, number, ranges,
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise etc.)?
•Enemy task and purpose?
 Strength
Discuss 1 level up, but focus
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order on what is in your PLT’s AO!
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis • Number of personnel
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct • Number of machine guns
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise • Number of any other crew served

weapons

• Number of any enemy vehicles

 Enemy COA
• Describe how you think the
TLP enemy will fight you from start to
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
finish.
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•You have to make assumptions.
Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison

•Dare to guess: apply what you

• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance know about how the enemy fights
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
to the terrain and his current
situation.
•Briefed in conjunction with the
enemy SITTEMP.
 Enemy SITTEMP
TLP
1. Receive Mission • Doctrinal Template (DOCTEMP)-
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
How the enemy fights without regard
• Analysis of TMTET-C
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
to terrain and specific battlefield
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection
conditions.
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance • Situational Template (SITTEMP)-
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
How the enemy will fight on a specific
piece of terrain under specific
conditions
 Enemy SITTEMP
SITTEMP MIN STANDARDS
TLP
1. Receive Mission Depict Terrain (contour lines, roads, streams).
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Show all enemy positions with sectors of fire.
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection Crew served weapons and combat vehicle
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct positions.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order Targets and TRPs.
8. Supervise

Most likely counterattack route.

OPs

Patrol Routes.
 Enemy Summary
TLP • Break down enemy analysis into
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
components:
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C – Disposition
• COA Development
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison – Composition
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement – Strength

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance • Break down enemy capabilities by BOS.
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
• Develop enemy COA.
• Think like the enemy would!!
 Mission Analysis
TLP
Analysis of TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
• TROOPS AVAILABLE
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
• Examples of MTOE
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Light Infantry Platoon
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis L 1/33
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance L 1/2 L
6. Complete the Plan
0/9
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

M240B L 0/4
 Mission Analysis

TLP Analysis of TMTET-C

1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan TROOPS AVAILABLE
•
• You get information from:
Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison – Commander’s OPORD
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement – Knowledge of your Platoon

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance • This analysis impacts your
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
plan:
8. Supervise – Mission assignment
– Rehearsal Planning
– Uniform, equipment, rest plan,
etc.
 Mission Analysis
TLP Analysis of TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
• TROOPS AVAILABLE
Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis • From the Commander’s OPORD you receive:
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection – Task Organization
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
– Attachments and Detachments
Reconnaissance • Effective DTG of Attachment or
6. Complete the Plan Detachment
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise • When troops return to parent HQ
• What adjacent unit coordination do I need
to make?
 Mission Analysis
TLP Analysis of TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order • TROOPS AVAILABLE
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
• Knowledge of your PLT:
• COA Development
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
– Health, Welfare, and Morale
• COA Selection
• Soldier’s Load
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
– Rucksack
Reconnaissance – Special Equipment
6. Complete the Plan – Additional Ammo (Mortar rounds)
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise • Operational Stress
– Recent operations—Combat is very
stressful!
– Rest and rations
– Environmental Considerations
(WEATHER ANALYSIS)
 Mission Analysis
TLP Analysis of TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan CIVIL CONSIDERATIONS
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C • The modern battlefield is cluttered
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis with non-combatants—deal with it!!!
•
• You get information on how to deal
COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement w/ them from:

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance – Rules of Engagement (ROE)
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order – Knowledge of your AO/AOR
8. Supervise – Commander’s OPORD
• This is not “fire-and-forget”
planning—it is a constantly evolving
analysis done before, during, and
after operations
 Mission Analysis

TLP
Analysis of TMTET-C
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order CIVIL CONSIDERATIONS:
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Knowledge of your AO/AOR:
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis • What are the local customs?
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection
• Who are the civilian leaders?
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct Politicians, law enforcement,
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
religious leaders, etc.
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
• Recent activities in the community
• What do daily activities look like?
• What do you do with non-
combatants?
 COA DEVELOPMENT
COA Criteria:
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order Suitable – COA will accomplish the
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis mission consistent w/ higher
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development HQ’s concept and intent
Feasible – There exists the
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
technical and tactical skill to
5. Conduct accomplish the COA.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
Acceptable – COA minimizes
7. Issue the Order friendly casualties.
8. Supervise
Distinguishable – Each COA must
be sufficiently different from the
others.
Complete – COA covers who,
when, what, where, and why.
 COA DEV
COA DEV Steps:
TLP Analyze Relative Combat Power – Compare
1. Receive Mission combat power strengths and weakness of both
2. Issue the Warning Order friendly and enemy units.
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Generate Options – Determine doctrinal
• COA Development requirements and decisive point and assign
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
task and purpose to subordinate units.
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
Array Initial Forces – Allocate forces based on
5. Conduct
the task and purpose and what is required to
Reconnaissance achieve success.
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
Develop Scheme of Maneuver – A description of
8. Supervise
how you envision the COA unfolding from its
start to its conclusion or endstate.
Assign Headquarters – Assignment of specific
subordinate units as the main and supporting
efforts.
Prepare Statement and Sketch – Prepare a
sketch showing each COA from start to finish.
 DECISIVE POINT
TLP FM 101-5: Where a unit will mass the
1. Receive Mission effects of overwhelming combat power to
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan achieve a result with respect to terrain,
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C enemy, and time that will accomplish the
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis units purpose.
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement FM 3-0: A geographic place, specific key

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
event, or enabling system that allows
6. Complete the Plan commanders to gain a marked
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
advantage over an enemy and greatly
influence the outcome of an attack

MAIN EFFORT is focused at the DECISIVE POINT

 COA Analysis
After developing the COAs, analyze
TLP them to determine their strengths
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
and weakness:
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
– To visualize the flow of the battle
– To identify the conditions or
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection
requirements necessary to
4. Initiate Movement enhance synchronization
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance – Accomplished through war
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
gaming your COAs against the
8. Supervise enemy COA
 COA Analysis
TLP WARGAMING TECHNIQUES:
1. Receive Mission BOX – Focused on a specific
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan area of the battlefield (objective,
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
engagement area, etc.). Include all
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
friendly and enemy units that will
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
have a decisive impact on the
outcome. Good technique when
time is limited—focused on the
decisive action. A disadvantage of
this technique is that the
commander may overlook other
critical events that could
significantly impact the mission.
 BOX
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order PL

3. Make a Tentative Plan FL

OT
FEBA

• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development E
• COA Analysis A
T
• COA Comparison R
P
• COA Selection
A
4. Initiate Movement T
R
P
T
R
P
A
R
5. Conduct SCT
E
S

Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order T
R
8. Supervise P

E
A
 WARGAMING TECHNIQUES
TLP BELT – This allows the
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
commander and subordinate
•
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
leaders to divide the COA into
•
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
COA Selection
belts or segments. This can be
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
accomplished in several ways,
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan such as phase line to phase line
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise or event to event. Each belt is
wargamed in sequence. Most
effective for offensive
operations.
 BELT
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
PL
• Mission Analysis FLO FEBA
• Analysis of TMTET-C T

• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison EA

• COA Selection TR
P

4. Initiate Movement
A
5. Conduct TR
P
TR
P
A
R
Reconnaissance SCT
ES

6. Complete the Plan

7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise TR
P

EA
 WARGAMING TECHNIQUES

TLP
1. Receive Mission
AVENUES OF APPROACH – This
2. Issue the Warning Order technique is most effective for a
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
defensive COA, especially when
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis there are several AOA to consider.
Using the enemy’s MPCOA, the
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
commander and subordinate leaders
Reconnaissance analyze friendly and enemy actions
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order along one AOA at a time.
8. Supervise
 AVENUE IN DEPTH
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
PL
• Mission Analysis FL FEBA

•
OT
Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison E
A
• COA Selection T

AA R
P

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct 1 T
R
T
R
A
A
P P R
Reconnaissance SCT
E
S
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise AA T
R
P

2 E
A
 COA Analysis
TLP Wargaming Rules:
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
– Remain objective.
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
– Record advantages and
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
disadvantages of each COA as
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection they become evident.
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct – Avoid drawing premature
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan conclusions.
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise – Avoid comparing one COA with
another during the war game.
– Continually assess feasibility,
acceptability, and suitability of the
COA.
FM 7-10 p. 2-27
 COA Comparison
TLP
and Selection
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order If more than one COA has been
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
developed you must compare
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
them!
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection – Weigh the specific strengths and
4. Initiate Movement disadvantages of each in respects
5. Conduct to both friendly and enemy.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan – Analyze these attributes as they
7. Issue the Order relate to: Mission Essential Task,
8. Supervise
use of terrain, destruction of the
enemy, decisive point, etc.
– Make final decision based upon
experience, judgment, and factors of
TMTET-C
 CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS

CONCEPT DESCRIBES -
TLP
1. Receive Mission
• Employment of major maneuver elements in a
2. Issue the Warning Order scheme of maneuver.
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
• Plan of Fire Support / Scheme of Fires supporting
• COA Development
• COA Analysis the maneuver with fires.
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection • Integration of other major elements/systems in the
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
operation i.e. Engineer task/purpose
Reconnaissance • Other aspects of the operations the commander
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order considers appropriate to clarify the concept and to
8. Supervise
ensure unity of effort
• Any Be-Prepared missions
• May be single paragraph or divided into two or
more subparagraphs
 EXAMPLE
CONCEPT STATEMENT
TLP Decisive to this operation is the (the result with
1. Receive Mission respect to terrain, enemy, and/or time that
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
achieves the unit’s purpose and why it is
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
decisive). A SQD, supporting effort #1 (state
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
unit’s task and purpose). Another SQD,
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection
supporting effort #2 (state unit’s task and
4. Initiate Movement
purpose). The main effort, a SQD, (state ME task
5. Conduct and purpose). The purpose of mortars is (give a
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
task and purpose in relation to the maneuver
7. Issue the Order elements). The purpose of field artillery (give a
8. Supervise task and purpose in relation to the maneuver
elements). The purpose of engineering is to
(state what the engineering assets assigned to
the company are accomplishing in support of the
company mission). Endstate of this operation is
(give the endstate for the unit).
 Troop Leading Procedures
1. Receive Mission
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order 2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement 4. Initiate Movement

5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan 5. Conduct Reconnaissance
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Initiate Movement
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order  Positioning the force for the operation.
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
 This step may commence at any time
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
during the TLP as required.
 The platoon may need to begin
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
movement while the leader is still
Reconnaissance planning or forward reconnoitering.
 The platoon sergeant or a squad leader
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise may bring the platoon forward, usually
under the control of the company
executive officer or first sergeant.
 Troop Leading Procedures
1. Receive Mission
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
5. Conduct Reconnaissance
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Conduct Reconnaissance
TLP
1. Receive Mission Used to confirm or deny assumptions
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan about the enemy and the terrain.
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Also helps leaders visualize the
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis operation. Examples:
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection – route from the LD to the ORP
4. Initiate Movement – area in and around an assigned BP
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance – the objective itself (physically or through
6. Complete the Plan the use of photos.)
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

Never go anywhere for the first time!

 Leader’s Reconnaissance
TLP  The leader must consider the risk
inherent in conducting
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis reconnaissance forward of
friendly lines.
Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•

 Sometimes the leader must rely

COA Comparison
• COA Selection

on others ( Scouts to conduct

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan the reconnaissance if the risk of
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
contact with the enemy is high)
 When time does not allow, the
leader must make a map
reconnaissance
 Troop Leading Procedures

1. Receive Mission
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
5. Conduct Reconnaissance
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
6. Complete the Plan Refine analysis
from Step 3
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 COMPLETE THE PLAN
TLP The leader completes his plan
1. Receive Mission based on the reconnaissance
and any changes in the
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•

situation.
Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis

He should review his mission,

• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

as he received it from his

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct

commander, to ensure that his

Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan

plan meets the requirements of

7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

the mission and

Stays within the framework of
the commander's intent.
 ISSUE THE COMPLETE ORDER
Platoon and squad leaders
TLP normally issue oral operations
orders.
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan

To aid subordinates in

• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development

understanding the concept for

• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct the mission, leaders should
issue the order within sight of
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan

the objective or on the

7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

defensive terrain. When this is

not possible, they should use a
terrain model or sketch.
  Leaders must ensure
Subordinates understand the
TLP mission
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
The commander’s intent
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis The concept of the operation
Their assigned tasks.
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•

 Leaders may require

COA Comparison
• COA Selection

subordinates
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
To repeat all of part of the
8. Supervise order
Demonstrate on the model or
sketch, their understanding of
the operation.
 Issue the Order Techniques

TLP • Terrain model vs. concept sketch

1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Key leaders vs. entire platoon
• Mission Analysis
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
• Delivery responsibilities:
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection
– PSG briefs para. IV
4. Initiate Movement – RTO briefs para. V
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
• Delivery techniques:
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise – 3x5 cards
– Opord shell
– Map board
 Troop Leading Procedures

1. Receive Mission
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
5. Conduct Reconnaissance
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise (refine / rehearse)
 SUPERVISE
TLP
1. Receive Mission

The leader supervises the

2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis

unit’s preparation for

• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis

combat by conducting
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
rehearsals and
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order inspections.
8. Supervise
 Supervise / Refine /
Rehearse
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan • Inspect
• Mission Analysis

• Rehearse
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
•

• Briefback (Confirmation
COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan Brief)
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
• Coordinate
 INSPECTIONS
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan Squad leaders should conduct
initial inspections shortly after
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development

receipt of the warning order.

• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct Platoon sergeant spot checks
throughout the unit's
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan

preparation for combat.

7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Platoon leader and platoon sergeant
make a final inspection
TLP
• Weapons and ammunitions.
1. Receive Mission • Uniforms and equipment.
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Mission-essential equipment.
• Soldier’s understanding of the
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
•
•
COA Comparison
COA Selection mission and their specific
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
responsibilities.
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan • Communications.
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise • Rations and water.
• Camouflage.
• Deficiencies noted during earlier
inspections.
 REHEARSALS
TLP  Rehearsals include the practice of
1. Receive Mission having squad leaders brief their
planned actions in execution sequence
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C to the platoon leader.
• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
 The leader should conduct rehearsals
5. Conduct on terrain that resembles the actual
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
ground, and in similar light conditions.
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
 Rehearsals:
TLP
Practice essential tasks
1. Receive Mission (improve performance).
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
•
•
Mission Analysis
Analysis of TMTET-C
Reveal weaknesses or
•
•
•
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
problems in the plan.
•

Coordinate the actions of

COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
subordinate elements.
Improve soldier understanding
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise

of the concept of the operation

(foster confidence in soldiers).
 IMPORTANT TASKS TO REHEARSE

TLP Actions on the objective.

Assaulting a trench, bunker, or
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order

building.
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development

Actions at the assault position.

• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

Breaching obstacles (mine and

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
wire).
Using special weapons or
8. Supervise

demolitions.
Actions on unexpected enemy
contact.
 Summary
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan • Order of the TLPs is not set in
• Mission Analysis
•
•
•
Analysis of TMTET-C
COA Development
COA Analysis
stone.
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
• The TLPs are a process of how
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance to think, not what to think.
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
• Bottom line: the PL must
communicate a plan that his
soldiers can execute.
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
• Analysis of TMTET-C
• COA Development
•
•
•
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
QUESTIONS?
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
TLP
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
• Mission Analysis
See the Terrain
• Analysis of TMTET-C

See the Enemy

• COA Development
• COA Analysis
• COA Comparison
• COA Selection

4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct
Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
See Yourself