English 4 lesson 7

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
Every human being has some things he and things he

To express this ideas in English we use the verb like/dislike + ing or infinitive form.
Infinitive or -ing?
Sometimes we need to decide whether to use a verb in its: infinitive form (to do, to sing).
or -ing form (doing, singing)
For example, only one of the following sentences is correct. Which one?
I dislike working late. (???)
I dislike to work late. (???)
When to use the infinitive
The infinitive form is always used with like / dislike when it is an expression for
something that you don’t do so often (occasionally), but that you somehow like/
dislike a lot.
I like to go to the movies, but I dislike to read books

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
The ing form is always used with like / dislike when it is a constant
expression, this is something that you really enjoy or hate to do most of
the time

I like listening to music, but I dislike listening heavy metal

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
 Interrogative Form:
The interrogative form is formed by Auxiliary verb + subject + like +
infinitive / ing form
Do + you + like/dislike to dance?
Do + you + like/dislike dancing?
Negative Form:
The negative form is formed by subject + Auxiliary Verb (negative form) + like +
infinitive / ing form
You + don’t + like/dislike to dance rock music
She + doesn’t + like/dislike dancing with Miguel
For an invitation we use the auxiliary verb “would” and the infinitive form the verb
after like.
Would you like to dance?
Yes I would love to!
Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas
Creative Brains
A phrasal verb consists of a verb and a preposition or adverb that modifies or changes the meaning.

Example

To ‘give up’ is a phrasal verb that means 'stop doing' something, which is very different from 'give'. The
word or words that modify a verb in this manner can also go under the name particle.

Act up - Behave badly or strangely

Example:
My computer's ACTING UP; I think I might have a virus.

Aim at - To target
Example:
The magazine is AIMED AT teenagers.

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
Answer Back - To reply rudely to someone in authority
Example:
Her mother was shocked when she started ANSWERING her BACK and
refusing to help.

Back Off - Retreat

Example:
The police told the protesters to BACK OFF

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
Be After - Try to find or get
Example:
The police ARE AFTER him because of the theft.

Be Fed Up - Be bored, upset, or sick of something

Example:
I am FED UP of his complaints

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
Black out - Fall unconscious
Example:
He BLACKED OUT and collapsed on the floor.

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
Blow out - Extinguish candles, matches etc…
Example:
He BLEW OUT the candles on his birthday cake.

Bring about - Make something happen

Example:
The changes to the law were BROUGHT ABOUT by the government
because so many people ignored the old one.

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
Catch Somebody’s Eye - to attract someone's attention and make them
look at something
Example:
That girl CAUGHT MY EYE immediately.

Run Out Of - Have non left

Example:
We will have to wait for my next wages, I have RUN OUT OF money.

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
Say and tell have the same meaning, but they are used differently.
You say something or tell someone something.
In other words, tell is directly followed by the person you are talking to
(I told Betty goodbye)
In addition, there are certain expressions that are always used with tell:
tell jokes, tell the truth, tell a lie

There are also expressions that are always used with say:
say prayers, say mass, say grace

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
In reported speech, we usually report what was said at a different time, and so
we change the tense to reflect the time which we are reporting:
DIRECT SPEECH: "I play football"
REPORTED SPEECH: I said (that) I played football
DIRECT SPEECH: “I cook dinner"
REPORTED SPEECH: I said (that) I cooked dinner
Sometimes we need to change the pronoun.
DIRECT SPEECH: Jim: "I don't like living here." (Jim is referring to himself)

REPORTED SPEECH: Jim said (that) he didn't like living here. (the pronoun he refers
to Jim)

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
We may also need to change other words about place and time

DIRECT SPEECH: "I like this car."

REPORTED SPEECH: He said (that) he liked the car.

We use reported speech to tell someone what another person said.

Jim says to you... You tell your friend what Jim said...

"I don't feel well." Jim said (that) he didn't feel well.

"I can't drive." He said (that) he couldn't drive.

NOTE: We can use that, or avoid it, both ways is correct, that is why it
appears in parenthesis.

Teacher Lozano Arton & Teacher Salvador Padilla Vargas

Creative Brains
I love reported speech,
and I like reporting
what everybody does
here in town. I watch
Ventaneando every
evening, and I never
loose a chance for
gossiping