INTRODUCTION TO

WORLD RELIGION AND

BELIEF SYSTEM
OBJECTIVE

• Explain the social scientific

approach to the study of religion
• Identify and explain the two ways of
defining religion;
• Debate how a particular definition of
religion can affect public policy;
• Differentiate religion from spirituality
Identify the following events if religious or not religious
Identify the following events if religious or not religious
Identify the following events if religious or not religious
Identify the following events if religious or not religious
ATTENDANCE
 NEWS
UPDATE
COMPONENTS
COMPO
NENTS
WRITTEN WORK 25%
PERFORMANCE TASK 45%
QUARTERLY ASSESSMENT 30%
TOTAL 100%
AGREEMENT/S
AGREE
MENT/S
A- ATTENDANCE
B- BEHAVIOUR
S- SUBMISSION OF REQUIREMENTS
Don't be religious, Be
Spiritual
Webster's definition of religion

Any specific system of

belief, worship, conduct,
etc., involving a code of
ethics and a philosophy
Wikipedia’s definition of religion

 Religion is a cultural
system of behaviors and
practices, world views, sacred
texts, holy places, ethics,
and societal organisation that
relate humanity to what an
anthropologist has called "an
order of existence".
2 ways of defining religion as a
social reality

1. Substantive, which is
concerned with the
constitutes religion.
2. Functional, which is
concerned with the social
consequences of religion.
Substantive

Religion involves belief

and practices which
assume the existence of
supernatural beings.
Functional

Unified system of beliefs and

practices relative to sacred things,
that is to say, things set a part and
forbidden-beliefs and practices
which unite into one single moral
community.
-Emile Durkheim
SO WHAT
DEFINITION OF
RELIGION MUST WE
ADOPT?
From the point view of the social
sciences?
 Religion is a system of beliefs
and practices by which a group of
people interprets and responds to
what they feel is sacred and
usually supernatural as well
-Johnstone 2004,13
INTRODUCTION TO
WORLD RELIGION AND
BELIEF SYSTEM
DIFFERENTIATE RELIGION
FROM:

A. SPIRITUALITY
B. THEOLOGY
C. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
Spirituality
The quality or state of


being concerned with

religion or religious
matters: the quality and
state of being spiritual.
Theology
The study of religious


faith,practice and
experience: the study of
God and God’s relation
to the world.
Theology
Theology is the critical

study of the nature of the
divine. It is taught as an
academic discipline,
typically in universities,
seminaries and schools of
divinity
Theology
 Theology translates into
English from the Greek
theologia which derived
from Τheos meaning "God,"
and –logia meaning
"utterances, sayings,
Philosophy
 The study of ideas about
knowledge, truth, the
nature and meaning of
life.etc.
 A set of ideas about how

to do something or how
INTRODUCTION TO
WORLD RELIGION AND
BELIEF SYSTEM
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion is an  Spirituality is born

institution in a person and
established by develops in the
man for various person
reasons. Exert
control, instill
morality, stroke
egos, or whatever
it does.
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion has a  Spirituality

dogmatic and invites you to
unquestionable reason it all, to
assembly of question it all
rules that need to and to decide
be followed your actions and
without question assume the
consequences
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion  Spirituality
does not questions
investigate everything
and does
not question
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion gives  Spirituality gives

you promises you the light to
for the after-life find God in your
inner self, in this
life, in the
present, in the
here and the
now…
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion  Being spiritual

focuses on focuses on
what pleases what pleases
man. God
 26 Kung ang sinoman ay nagiisip na siya'y
relihioso samantalang hindi pinipigil ang
kaniyang dila, kundi dinadaya ang kaniyang
puso, ang relihion ng taong ito ay walang
kabuluhan. 27Ang dalisay na relihion at
walang dungis sa harapan ng ating Dios at
Ama ay ito, dalawin ang mga ulila at mga
babaing bao sa kanilang kapighatian, at
pagingatang walang dungis ang kaniyang sarili
sa sanglibutan.
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion  spirituality
involves involves the
emotions and whole being-
externals Spirituality
involves one's
total self in
his/her
relationship to
2 Corinthians 8:3-6

 3 For I testify that according to their ability, and

beyond their ability, they gave of their own
accord, 4 begging us with much urging for
the favor [a]of participation in the [b]support of
the [c]saints, 5 and this, not as we
had [d]expected, but they first gave themselves
to the Lord and to us by the will of God. 6 So
we urged Titus that as he had previously made
a beginning, so he would also complete in
you this gracious work as well
2 Corinthians 8:3-6

 6Ano pa't namanhik kami kay Tito, na yamang

siya'y nagpasimula nang una, ay siya na rin
ang gumanap sa inyo ng biyayang
ito.7Datapuwa't yamang kayo'y nagsisisagana
sa lahat ng mga bagay, sa pananampalataya,
at pananalita, at kaalaman, at sa buong
kasipagan, at sa inyong pagibig sa amin ay
magsisagana naman kayo sa biyayang
ito. 8Hindi ako nangungusap na tulad sa
naguutos, kundi gaya ng sumusubok sa
pamamagitan ng kasipagan ng iba ang
katapatan naman ng inyong pagibig.
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion  spirituality
follows man's follows God's
standards standards
 Mangagingat kayo na huwag magsigawa ng
katuwiran sa harap ng mga tao, upang kanilang
makita: sa ibang paraan ay wala kayong ganti ng
inyong Ama na nasa langit.2Kaya nga pagka ikaw
ay naglilimos, ay huwag kang tutugtog ng
pakakak sa harap mo, na gaya ng ginagawa ng
mga mapagpaimbabaw sa mga sinagoga at sa
mga daan, upang sila'y mangagkapuri sa mga
tao. Katotohanang sinasabi ko sa inyo, Tinanggap
na nila ang sa kanila'y ganti.3Datapuwa't pagka
ikaw ay naglilimos, ay huwag maalaman ng iyong
kaliwang kamay ang ginagawa ng iyong kanang
kamay: 4Upang ang iyong paglilimos ay malihim:
at ang iyong Ama na nakakikita sa lihim ay
gagantihin ka.
Matthew 6:5-8
 5 “And when you pray, do not be like the
hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the
synagogues and on the street corners to be seen
by others. Truly I tell you, they have received their
reward in full. 6 But when you pray, go into your
room, close the door and pray to your Father, who
is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is
done in secret, will reward you. 7 And when you
pray, do not keep on babblinglike pagans, for they
think they will be heard because of their many
words. 8 Do not be like them, for your Father
knows what you needbefore you ask him.
Matthew 6:5-8
 6Datapuwa't ikaw, pagka ikaw ay mananalangin,
pumasok ka sa iyong silid, at kung mailapat mo
na ang iyong pinto, ay manalangin ka sa iyong
Ama na nasa lihim, at ang iyong Ama na
nakakikita sa lihim ay gagantihin ka.
 7At sa pananalangin ninyo ay huwag ninyong
gamitin ang walang kabuluhang paulitulit, na gaya
ng ginagawa ng mga Gentil: sapagka't iniisip
nilang dahil sa kanilang maraming kasasalita ay
didinggin sila. 8Huwag nga kayong magsigaya sa
kanila: sapagka't talastas ng inyong Ama ang mga
bagay na inyong kinakailangan, bago ninyo hingin
sa kaniya.
INTRODUCTION TO
WORLD RELIGION AND
BELIEF SYSTEM
Religion Spirituality/ Being
/Religious Spiritual

 Religion  spirituality
follows man's follows God's
standards standards
Religion
/Religious
Theology

 Any specific  Theology is the

system of belief, study of God
worship, and (formal)
conduct, etc., religions
involving a code
of ethics and a
philosophy."
Religion
/Religious
Theology

 religion as  theology as
humans’ a study of
way to God’s way
God, to humans
Religion
/Religious
Theology

 Religious studies  In Theological

the dialogue studies students
between personal are encouraged to
faith and let their faith and
academic work is their scholarship
at best seen as a interact and inform
one another,
 Religion Philosophy of
/Religious Religion

 Religion involves  Philosophy of

belief and practices religion is the
which assume the philosophical
existence of study of the
supernatural meaning and
beings. nature of religion
 Religion Philosophy of
/Religious Religion

 Religion involves  It includes the

belief and practices analyses of
which assume the religious concepts,
existence of beliefs, terms,
supernatural arguments, and
beings. practices of
religious
adherents
Religion Philosophy of
/Religious Religion

 Religion as  philosophy as a
humans’ way to reflection of
God humans’ lived
experience of God
Religion as humans’ way to
God, theology as a study
of God’s way to humans
and philosophy as a
reflection of humans’ lived
experience of God