- This process for wring is not chronological

or linear, rather it is recursive.

Schematic Diagram
1. Conducting an audience analysis
2. Determining the purpose of the speech
3. Selecting a topic
4. narrowing down a topic
5. Gathering data
6. Selecting a speech pattern
7. Preparing an outline
8. Creating the body of the research
9. Preparing an introduction
10. Preparing the conclusion
11. Editing and/or revising
12. Rehearsing
1. Analysis
2. demography
1) Audience Analysis
-entails looking into the profile of your
target audience
-The profile includes the following
information:
* Demography
- includes age range, male-female
ratio, educational background and affliation
or degree program taken, nationality,
economic and academic
* Situation
- includes time, venue and size

* Psychology
-includes values, beliefs, attitudes,
preferences, cultural and racial
ideologies and wants
2) Purpose
- it can be classified into 3:

a. To inform (informative speech)

b. To entertain (entertainment speech)
c. To persuade (persuasive speech)
3) Topic
-the main/focal point that can be
determined after you decide on your
speech.
example:
* oral communication
* how to gain weight
 Strategies :
-Selecting your personal
experience
- Listing
- Asking questions
4) Narrowing Down a Topic
- making your idea more specific
and focused
5) Data Gathering
-A stage where you collect ideas,
information, important sources and
references relevant or related to your
specific topic.
6 ) Writing Patterns
- the structures that help you
organize the ideas related to
your topic.
Example Writing Patterns:
* Biographical
- Presents the description of
your life or of a person,
famous or not
* Categorical
- presents related categories
supporting your topic
* Casual
- Presents a cause-effect
relationships
* Chronological
- presents the idea in time order
* Comparison
- comparing/contrasting of 2 or
3 points
* Problem-Solution
- presents an identified problems,
its causes, and recommended
solutions
7) Outline
- a hierarchical list that shows the
relationship of your ideas.
Note:
A good outline helps you see that all
the ideas are in line with your main
message
8) The Body of the Speech
- Provides an explanation, examples
or any details that can help you
deliver your purpose and explain
the main idea of your speech.
* Focus/central idea
- one major consideration on the
body of your speech
Strategies to highlight your main idea:
 Present real-life or practical
examples
 Present a comparison
 Share ideas from experts
9) Introduction
- it is the foundation of your speech.
- your primary goal is to get the
attention of your audience and to
present the subject or main idea of
your speech.
How to have a good introduction:
 use real-life experience
 have examples
 start with a strong quote
 use facts and statistics
10 ) Conclusion
- restates the main idea of your
speech
- provides a summary , emphasizes
the message, and calls for an action
- aims to leave the audience with a
memorable statement
Strategies on making a nice conclusion:
 state your message at the start of
conclusion
 use positive examples, encouraging
words or memorable lines
 Ask a series of questions that can
make your audience reflect or
ponder
11) Editing/ Revising
- involves correcting errors in mechanics
such as grammar, punctuation ,
capitalization, unity, coherence
and others
* Andrew Dlugan
- an award winning public speaker
that listed 6 power principles for
speech editing
EDIT:
1. for focus
2. for clarity
3. for concision
4. for continuity
5. for variety
6. for impact and beauty
12) Rehearsing
- gives you the opportunity to
Identify what works and does not
work for you.
Some strategies:
a) Reading your speech
b) Recording the peers and coaches
feedback on your delivery
“CONSTANT PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT”