ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS

Dr Trowce Lista Nalle, SpFK

 Learning Objective
• To describe the mechanism of action
antimicrobial drugs

• To list and name the classes of antimicrobial

drugs

• To describe the uses of antimicrobial drugs in

clinical practice
• Antimicrobial (AMs)are drugs that kill or inhibit
growth of microorganisms

• Basic ways antimicrobial therapy is used,

– Empiric therapy : Initiation of treatment prior
to determination of a firm diagnosis
– Definitive therapy : Microorganism (MO) &
susceptibilities are known
– Prophylaxis : Prevent initial or recurrent
infection
 How to Determine Using The AM?
• Confirm presence of infection
– Systemic signs and symptoms
• High Fever
• Elevated WBC, Neutrophil
– Local signs and symptoms
• Erythema
• Purulent drainage
– Organ specific signs and symptoms
• Flank pain
• Stiff neck with severe headache
• Identify the pathogen (culture & resistant test, Gram stain)
• Selective empiric therapy
 Anaerobes
Above Diaphragm Below Diaphragm

Peptococcus spp. Clostridium difficile,

Peptostreptococcus spp. perfringens, tetani
Prevotella Bacteroides fragilis,
Veillonella disastonis, ovatus,
thetaiotamicron
Actinomyces
Fusobacterium
 Other Bacteria

Atypical Bacteria Spirochetes

Legionella pneumophila Treponema pallidum
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, (syphilis)
hominis Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme)
Chlamydia pneumoniae,
trachomatis
Antibacterial Mechanism of Actions
Uses of antimicrobial drugs in
clinical practice
THANK YOU