Modelling and Simulation

of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Under the supervision of

Dr.Pattabhi Ramaiah & Dr.Mihir kumar Pandit

by Pampana Rama Sai

16ME01024
Preliminary Model
 Authentic Samsung 30Q
Selecting the
(A-Grade 18650 Battery)
right 18650 cells
for the battery
pack
➢Model: INR18650-30Q
➢Manufacturer: Samsung
➢Country of Origin: South Korea
➢Chemistry: INR/NCA
➢Max. continuous discharge current: 15A
➢Nominal capacity: 3000mAh
➢Nominal voltage: 3.6 V
➢Charging voltage: 4.20 +/- 0.05 V
Choosing the right ❏ To make the battery pack, you have to to
Battery Strips connect the 18650 cells together by means of
Nickel strips.
❏ In general two types of nickel strips are
available in the market : nickel-plated steel
strips and pure nickel strips.
❏ Pure nickel strip is a little bit costlier than
the the nickel plated steel, but it has much
lower resistance.
❏ Low resistance means, less heat generation
during the charging and discharging, which
leads to longer useful battery life.
 ❏ To make the battery pack, you have to first
Battery Pack finalize the nominal voltage and capacity
Capacity and of the pack.
❏ For this project let the requirement is : 14.8 V
Voltage and 24 Ah Battery Pack
❏ Specification of 18650 Cells Used : 3.7V and
3000 mAh

Capacity (mAh):
Desired capacity of the battery pack = 24 AH
or 24000 mAh.

Capacity of each cell = 3000mAh

No of cells required for parallel connection =

24000 / 3000 = 8 nos
Voltage(Volt) :

The desired nominal voltage of the battery

pack is 14.8V.

Nominal voltage of each cell = 3.7 V

No of cells required for series connection =

14.8 /3.7 = 4 nos

The final pack configuration is designated as

“4S8P pack” with a final specification of
11.1V ,17AH.
Check the Cell Cells in Parallel, the P-count:

Voltage Before connecting the cells in parallel, first check

the individual cell voltages.For paralleling the
cells,the voltage of each cells should be near to
each other, otherwise a high amount of current
will flow from the cell with higher voltage to the
cell with lower voltage.This can damage the cells
and even result in fire on rare occasions.
 ❏ We have two options to connect the
Spot Welding vs 18650 cells together : 1. Soldering 2.
Soldering Spot Welding. But,Spot welding is
preferred over soldering.
❏ The problem with soldering is that you
apply a lot of heat to the cell and it
doesn’t dissipate very quickly.
❏ This enhance the chemical reaction in
the cell which damages the cell's
performance.
❏ Ultimately you will lose some capacity
and life the cells.
❏ The reason we spot weld, because it is
securely join the cells together without
adding much heat to them.
 The two important parameter required to buy a BMS
Adding the BMS are :

i) Number of cells in series - like 2S / 3S / 4S

ii). Maximum discharge Current - like 10A/ 20A /25A

/30A
Plan Of Wiring
the Components
Simulations
 [1] A critical review of thermal management models and
References solutions of lithium-ion batteries for the development of
pure electric vehicles.Qian Wang, Bin Jiang, Bo Li, Yuying Yan
n Fluids & Thermal Engineering Research Group, Faculty of
Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK.[2014]

[2] A review of power battery thermal energy management

Zhonghao Rao, Shuangfeng Wang∗
Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy
Conservation of the Ministry of Education, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.[2011]

[3] Thermal performance of lithium-ion battery thermal

management system by using mini-channel cooling
Zhen Qian, Yimin Li, Zhonghao Rao School of Electric Power
Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology,
XuZhou 221116, China.[2016]
[4] Thermal issues about Li-ion batteries and recent
progress in battery thermal management systems: A
review Huaqiang Liua, Zhongbao Weib, Weidong Hec,
Jiyun Zhaoa,⁎
a)Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue,
Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
b) Energy Research Institute, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
c) School of Energy Science and Engineering, University
of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan
611731, PR China.[2017]