Physiology of

Endocrine System

By: Dr. Putra Santoso

Animal Physiology Lab.

Biology Department Andalas University
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Autocrine : NE (norepineprine) released from a nerve
prevents further NE release, insulin-like growth factor/ IGF-1
released by the cells to stimulate themself to proliferate.

Paracrine: histamine release causes local vasodilation,

insulin from beta cell acts on alfa cells in islet of langerhans of
pancreas.

Endocrine: majority the hormones are endocrine, ex.

T3/t4, FSH, LH etc.

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Toksik Mutlinodular Goiter

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
 High power poses increased
testosterone by 20 % and
decreased cortisol levels by 25 %.

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
ELABELA Hormone

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
 ELABELA plays a role in
cardiogenesis
Heart Development in Zebra fish (animal model)
Normal

In mammals
Normal Mutant
Mutant (No ELA)

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

Credit: Institute of Medical Biology (IMB-A*STAR, 2013)
(Biology Dept) 2018
ELABELA plays a role in feeding regulation

PVN
AVP

CRH

BBB
Feeding inhibition
energy expenditure
ELABELA

Kidney Anti-obesity/
Diabetes melitus

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018 Santoso et al., Neuroreport, 2015
 How does appetite occur?
(Ghrelin-induced NPY activation in the brain)

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
 Oxytocin stops feeding

Oxytocin

NPY

X
Ghrelin
Satiety
state

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018 Santoso et al., JASSO 2014
 Asprosin
hormone?

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Steroid doping in sport

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Testosterone injection in animals

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Blood doping and EPOH?

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Male with
higher
estrogen???

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018
Testosterone injected into female???

Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso

(Biology Dept) 2018
Animal Physiology by Putra Santoso
(Biology Dept) 2018