Maestría en Ciencias en Ingeniería Bioquímica

Transcription factor
Fisiología microbiana

Presenta: QI Claudia Verenice Orantes Castañeda

Catedrático:
Dr. Peggy Elizabeth Álvarez Gutiérrez

Sede: Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas Septiembre 2019

 Factores de transcripción
• The regulation of gene expression at the
transcription level is a ubiquitous control
mechanism in many biological processes, such
as growth, cell differentiation and metabolism.
• During the transcription process several
factors are required to be involved, including
chromatin remodeling complexes, pre-
initiation complex factors, and RNA
polymerase II complex. In addition, other
factors that regulate promoter strength are
required, which are called transcription factors
(FT).
Transcription factors are proteins
capable of binding specifically to
short DNA sequences, located in
gene promoters, and of
interacting with the pre-initiation
transcription complex to induce
or inhibit RNA polymerase II
enzyme activity.
Transcription factors are proteins
that recognize and bind to DNA,
recognizing a specific sequence.
TF can act as activators,
transcription repressors.
Transcription factors classification in families

Based on the structure of the

DNA binding domain:
 zinc fingers,
 propeller-spinner,
 leucine zipper and
 helix-loop-helix
According to their regulatory function, the transcription
factors have been classified:

I. constitutively active - present in all cells all the time - general transcription
factors, Sp1, NF1, CCAAT
II. conditionally active - requires activation
II-A. of development (cell specific) - expression is strongly controlled, but once
expressed, does not require additional activation - GATA, HNF, PIT-1, MyoD,
Myf5, Hox, Winged helix
II.B. Signal dependent - requires an external signal for activation
• II.B.1. Dependent on extracellular ligand (endocrine or paracrine) - nuclear
receptors
• II.B.2. Dependent on intracellular ligand (autocrine) - activated by small
intercellular molecules - SREBP, orphan nuclear receptors
II.B.3. Cell membrane dependent - second messenger signalling cascades
resulting in phosphorylation of the transcription factor
II.B.3.a. Nuclear resident factors - reside in the core regardless of their activation
status - CREB
II.B.3.b. Cytoplasmic latent factors - the inactive form resides in the cytoplasm,
but activated they are translocated to the nucleus - STAT
Referencias
García-Morales, Soledad, Gómez-Merino, Fernando C., Trejo-Téllez, Libia I., & Herrera-Cabrera, Édgar B..
(2013). Factores de transcripción involucrados en respuestas moleculares de las plantas al estrés
osmótico. Revista fitotecnia mexicana, 36(2), 105-115. Recuperado en 04 de septiembre de 2019, de
http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0187-73802013000200003&lng=es&tlng=es

https://www.lifeder.com/factor-de-transcripcion/

https://es.khanacademy.org/science/biology/gene-regulation/gene-regulation-in-eukaryotes/a/eukaryotic-
transcription-factors

http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/14TranscripcEuc_25325.pdf

Arratia, Jenny; Aguirre Jesus; (2013). Los factores de transcripción tipo myb, una familia de reguladores de la
diferenciación celular conservada en los organismos eucariontes. Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-
Biológicas, 16(2):98-108. Recuperado en 04 de septiembre de 2019