In this guide: () optional | {} choice Study the formulas Sample csentences Do practice exercise at the end Verb (kata Complement Modifier Subject kerja) (objek) (keterangan) Orang atau barang yang mengerjakan atau bertanggung jawab terhadap kata kerja, biasanya mendahului kata kerja. Tiap english sentence harus punya subjek. Cth subjek: Single noun (ex: coffee, milk) Noun phrase (cannot begin with preposition/ kata depan) ex: the book, that new red car Other ex: we girls, George, etc. It can act as pronoun (kata ganti) for a noun (part of idiomatic expression) / can be the subject of impersonal verb There can act as a pseudo-subject and treated like a subject when changing into quest. Sentence. However, subject aslinya appears after the verb, and the number of the true subject controls the verb. Ex: There was a fire in that building last month. (+) Was (verb singular) there a fire (subject singular) in that building last month? (?) There were many students in the room. (+) Were (verb plural) there many students (subject plural) in the room? (?) Mengikuti subyek Menunjukkan action dari sentence Every english sentence must have a verb. Ex: Single word ex: drives, hate Verb phrase (consist of aux and verb utama, aux mendahului verb) ex: is (aux) going (main verb), has been (aux) reading (main verb), must have gone, has gone, was raining, etc. Tujuannya melengkapi kata kerja Sama kayak subyek (biasanya noun/ noun phrase; however biasanya mengikuti kata kerja pas sentencenya active voice) Nggak setiap kalimat butuh complement Tidak boleh diawali kata depan Menjawab pertanyaan what or whom Ex: a cake, Mary, a cigarette. Ngomongin waktu, cara, tempat. Seringkali berupa prepositional phrase (begins with kata depan dan berakhir dengan kata benda), bisa juga berupa adverbial phrase Biasanya modifier waktu itu ditempatin paling terakhir kalo ada banyak modifier. Ex: Prepositional phrase in the morning, at the university, on the table Modifier biasanya mengikuti complement tapi gak selalu. Cuman kalo modifiernya berbentuk prepositional phrase biasanya dia gabisa misahin verb sama complementnya. Incorrect: She drove (verb) on the street the car (complement). Correct: She drove the car on the street.