Artificial

Intelligence

Vivitsa Upasti
B19059
BM-A
Structure:
STRUCTURE
Introduction

Background

Importance

Usage in different industries

Use of AI in business world

Pros and Cons

Ethical issues faced

Way forward

Conclusion

Jens Martensson 2
INTRODUCTION
What is AI?
It is the ability of computers to think like humans and perform tasks which
humans can. It is the intelligence demonstrated by machines. It includes
machiness having the ability to have traits such as: knowledge, reasoning,
problem solving skills, perception, planning, ability to recognize and move
objects etc

AI includes many theories, methods and technologies, as well as the following

major subfields:
• Machine learning : Model building from insights gathered from data
• Neural network : Makes connection between multiple data points
• Deep learning : Learns complex patterns from large quantum of data
• Cognitive computing: Achieving human like interaction
• Computer vision : Pattern recognition to identify pictures and texts
• Natural language processing : Ability to understand and generate human
language

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 MACHINE LEARNING
It allows machine to learn from examples and past
experience without actually being programmed. It picks
up insights and patterns itself from quantum of data. It
focuses on making predictions based on experience.
COMPUTER VISION
Use of AI in Computer Vision includes:
- Object classification,
- Object identification, and localization
- Object segmentation
- Description translation of the object

CV in AI involves usage of CV based

techniques providing some AI solution.
In a lot of of the vision related jobs and tasks, the input data which could be in the form of
videos/images (images, or videos) are often processed/ran through with a CV techniques
with an aim to remove noise, colour correction, change the background colour, and make
other changes to images such as gradient/resolution

COGNITIVE COMPUTING
Involves the use of computer systems to solve problems that humans are typically
tasked with requires a large amount of data in the raw form to bed fed to ML
algorithms.

Attributes required:
-Adaptive
-Interaction
-Iterative
-Stateful
-Contextual

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BACKGROUND
BRIEF HISTORY MODERN DAY APPLICATIONS
1950 1970s-80s 2011 1.Sophia, Hanson Robotics
Alan Turing test Science fiction TV Apple introduces
Sophia is an advanced robot who can communicate with facial
series and movies Siri expressions and expresses emotions.
depict warrior
robots/ intelligent
machines

Darthmouth IBM’s Deep Blue

conference launches Computer beats
the word Artificial world’s best chess
intelligence player

1956 1997 2. Google Maps

With google maps using AI enabled techniques it scans traffic
routes for the most optimal journey path.

3. Facebook image recognition

This is a breakthrough in computer vision modelling for
Facebook provides recommendations for people to tag on
pictures thus recognizing the images and identifying the
correct people
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 USE OF AI IN DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES
A great help for humans
The AI systems are employed because they are efficient enough to reduce human efforts. Artificial Intelligence enables
companies to perform various activities in the industry which involve large amounts of data to gain insights which would
lead to getting the work done faster and with more accurate results. AI helps in delivering more customized solutions,
predict rare events which could be critical and identify mismatches which could be overseen by humans.

Every industry has a high demand for AI capabilities – some of which are:

Banking and Financial Industry Medical Science

• AI helps in handling work like financial operations, how
much money to invest in stocks, managing various
portfolios
• Using AI in the bank helps the bank to improve their
customer relations and provide better and quicker
customer service
• Techniques can be used to identify
which transactions could turn out to
be fraudulent, hence come up with
appropriate measures for credit
scoring and automating tasks
• In medical science AI is used to
create a virtual personal health
care assistant who is used
for research as well as analytics.
• Healthcare Bots are used for scheduling an appointment in
hospitals and they give 24/7 assistance. . Personal health
care assistants can act as life coaches, reminding one to
take medicines, meals on time and exercise
• It can provide personalized medicine and X-ray readings
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 USE OF AI IN DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES
Heavy Industry Air Transport
• In production units, robots are used who give a different • All most all the activity which
shape to an object, who displace object from one place performed to control air
to another, they are used as a convey belt. transportation is based on AI
technologies.

Smart cars and drones

Personalized shopping experience
• Online shopping platforms such as Amazon, Flipkart collect
and store lots of information about usage
• Google Analytics itself can provide lots of valuable
information to E-Commerce retailers such as
location, browser, device, history along with time spent on
various websites and apps.
• Autonomous vehicles are main examples
• With autonomous vehicles being run on
the roads and autonomous drones
being used for delivering shipments,
many transportation & service related
issues will be resolved in a faster
and more efficient manner.

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USE OF AI IN DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES
Entertainment Industry
• Websites like Netflix, Amazon Prime, YouTube as well as
music apps such as Saavn provide recommendations
based on viewer history using predictive technology
based on customer’s reactions. It involves examining
millions of records to suggest shows and films which the
user would like based on previous choices.
Gaming
• AI is used in the video games industry by determining the
behaviors of non player characters.
• Computer opponents are
programmed to face humans
Agriculture
• Sustainable practices can be adopted via
tracking rainfall, pesticide consumption,
keeping track of irrigation by using
automation for timely watering of crops.
• Used for precisely spraying weedicide
Smart cars and drones
• Autonomous vehicles are main examples
• With autonomous vehicles being run on
the roads and autonomous drones
being used for delivering shipments,
many transportation & service related
issues will be resolved in a faster
and more efficient manner.
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USE OF AI IN BUSINESS WORLD
How AI works?
AI transforms decision making thus improving business outcomes
Sense Think
Applications of AI in business management include: Collect data Identify patterns and
Applying spam filters apply deep learning algorithms

Categorization of emails
Conversion of voice to text Act
AI powered
Smart personal assistant such as: Siri, Cortana and Google Now solutions

Online customer support and bots

Automation of process
Forecasting of Sales
Security surveillance and cyber security
Smart devices that adjust according to consumer behaviour
Automated insights from huge data

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ADVANTAGES

EFFICIENCY RISKY SITUATIONS HUMAN ERROR EMOTIONS

• Work continuously as • Can be implemented in • Decisions are backed by • Absence of emotions
machines do not get tired locations/areas where previous data and are makes it possible to make
and do not get affected by human life may be taken from a proper set of the right decision even
external environment vulnerable and might not algorithms under stressful situations
be suitable for them
• During emergency
situations humans AI is
more reliable

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DISADVANTAGES

IMPLEMENTATION IS HIGHER DEPENDENCY ON JOB THREAT SPECIALIZED WORK

EXPENSIVE
• Cost of installation,
maintenance, repair
require heavy investment
MACHINES
• An increase in • Systems are trained to do a
• A lot of manual work done
unemployment especially clearly defined task. The
will be replaced which
for low skilled jobs system that plays poker
will make humans lazier
• Certain sectors will bear cannot play solitaire or
and reduce their mental
the brunt as job skills monopoly.
and thinking abilties
required will witness a • Systems are highly
change specialized and can not
multi task

SECURITY THREAT
• Security threat of machines become super intelligent
• Use of autonomous weapons for killing
• Using Social media as a breach of privacy or for manipulation
• Invasion of privacy and using data for malicious tasks
• Self driving vehicles
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Vivitsa
 ETHICAL ISSUES FACED BY AI
Should machines developed through AI be Job loss and inequality Rogue AIs
allowed to kill
 Remotely powered aircrafts can launch  Corporates will  AI can go rogue and create harmless
missiles however the decision to kill focus on employing unintened consequences which could
remain with humans currently but care will more machines as they later lead to them wanting to take
have to be taken in case drones start do not require to be over
learning from past experience and take paid wages thus top
decisions themselves stakeholders will get  Can bring harm by turning vicious.
 Fully autonomous weapons are a mater of richer and create a Ex: Injecting poison instead of using
debate with discussion going on about their widespread inequality in medicine
ban the economy

How much control to give Treatment i.e equal or beneath humans Inherent bias

 Possibility of  Should they be given the same status: recognized as  Vulnerable to biases which humans also
them becoming citizens of a country contain such as preferring male employees
smarter and taking over females
control thus might  What all rights  AIs can develop certain biases in terms of
make humans should be granted to race,
obsolete them: Freedom of Speech religion,
Freedom to practice any sex etc
religion etc

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 WAY FORWARD
Working together with AI rather than resist it
• Artificial intelligence is here to help us rather than replace us. A lot of job
creation will be seen in the future in this field. Focus of STEM fields is
shifting on how to leverage machine learning to derive maximum benefit.
Algorithms will be developed to facilitate us and bring those insights into
light which could be missed by humans. Thus, they can see relationships
and patterns which might not be recognized by humans. Therefore AI
partnership offers many opportunities such as:
Using analytics and automation in fields and industries where it is currently not
being used or where there is more potential

Improving the performance of current analytic technologies: computer vision and time
series analysis.

Globalizing the economies by breaking down economic barriers as well as language and
translation barriers.

Make routine/clerical work automated which will save time for important work

Provide us with better vision, better understanding, better memory etc

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 CONCLUSION
AI is here to stay, and it is imperative for humans to use machines to their advantage.
They can make our life easier and help in doing tasks in a more efficient manner.We
see applications of AI in our daily lives when we receive movie recommendations from
Netflix, read about self driving cars and use Siri to wake us up in the morning. In 1 2
addition businesses make wide application of AI ranging from fields such as Fintech to
Agriculture. Future of AI is an integral part of emerging fields such as IOT, Blockchain,
Big Data. Hence, we must learn to leverage it to best of our capabilities.
However, certain precautions must be taken for it is possible for the machines to
become super intelligent and take decisions on their own which do not take softer skills
into account.
It is important for the algorithms to take social issues and ethics into account while
making decisions. Poverty, inequality, discrimination etc are issues which need to be 3 4
taken care of and responsible machines need to be built for the same.
The widespread use of AI in various industries is testament to the fact that it is
important for today’s youth to consider the shift in future job role structure and learn
relevant skills. Job loss is a major concern for many however it is important to
understand the vast number of employment opportunities which will be created as well
due to a shift in the job landscape.

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Hence, AI is truly the technology which will help shape the future.

Vivitsa Jens Martensson

Thank You
Vivitsa Upasti
B19059
BM-A
b19059@astra.xlri.ac.in