LITERATURE STUDY

IT OFFICE COMPLEX

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VII

B.ARCH , VII SEMESTER
 IT OFFICE & its STRUCTURE
• THEY ARE BUILT IN LOCATIONS COMMERCIALLY
• THE WORD OFFICE COMES FROM THE LATIN WORD
VIABLE.
“OFFICIUM” MEANING SERVICE, COURTESY ETC.
• THE MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
• THE WORD CORPORATE COMES FROM
CORPORATE OFFICES ARE LISTED AS BELOW.
“CORPORATUS” LATIN, MEANING COLLECTIVE.
• LEGAL
• TECHNICAL(NETWORKING)
• THERE ARE MANY WAYS OF ARRANGING SPACES IN
• SECURITY AND FLEXIBILITY OF LAYOUT.
AN OFFICE ACCORDING TO THE FUNCTIONS
• PRODUCTIVE WORKPLACE AND WORKING
MANAGERIAL AND CULTURAL OFFICES.
ENVIRONMENT.
• IT IS GUIDED BY HOW PEOPLE WILL WORK WITHIN
• ALTHOUGH THE CORPORATE OFFICES MAY HAVE
THE SAME ROOM.
VARIOUS OCCUPANTS IN VARIOUS FLOOR UNITS,
THE FLOOR LAYOUT ARE GENERALLY SAME.
• OPEN PLAN OFFICES HAVE MULTIPLE WORKERS
TOGETHER IN SAME PLACE AND IMPROVE SHORT
• TYPICALLY, IT WILL HAVE RECEPTION AREA,
TERM PRODUCTIVITY BUT SECURITY AND PRIVACY
MEETING ROOMS, SINGULAR OR OPEN PLAN
ARE OFTEN ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH IT.
OFFICES, AS WELL AS TOILETS.
• IN WALLED OFFICE SPACES, PEOPLE SET THEIR
• THE BUILDINGS MAY ALSO HAVE KITCHEN
WORKING DESKS IN SUCH A WAY THAT THEY CAN
FACILITIES, DINING AREAS AND A STAFF ROOM.
SEE THE PERSON ENTERING THEIR OFFICES.
DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR OFFICE BUILDINGS
STRAIGHT-LINE PRINCIPLE: IN A WELL-PLANNED OFFICE, PAPER GOES FROM ONE DESK TO ANOTHER
WITH THE LEAST AMOUNT OF HANDLING, TRAVELING, AND DELAY. WORK SHOULD PROGRESS IN A SERIES OF STRAIGHT LINES WITH A
GENERAL FORWARD MOVEMENT, AVOIDING CRIES-CROSS MOTION AND BACKWARD FLOW.

CONVENIENCE TO THE PUBLIC: THOSE DEPARTMENTS HAVING THE GREATEST NUMBER OF VISITORS SHOULD BE LOCATED SO THAT THE
VISITORS HAVE A SHORT, DIRECT, AND CONVENIENT ROUTE FROM THE MAIN ENTRANCE TO THE DEPARTMENT SOUGHT.

CENTRALIZED FUNCTIONS: SECTIONS AND FACILITIES THAT SERVE THE ENTIRE OFFICE SHOULD BE CENTRALLY LOCATED AND EASILY
ACCESSIBLE TO ALL. FOR EXAMPLE CORRESPONDENCE AND STENOGRAPHIC POOLS, CENTRAL FILES, COST ACCOUNTING, AND
TABULATING ETC. REST ROOMS, WATER FOUNTAINS, AND SUPPLY CABINETS SHOULD BE PROVIDED IN SUFFICIENT NUMBERS AND
CONVENIENTLY LOCATED.

CONFIDENTIAL AREAS: CERTAIN FUNCTIONS OF A BUSINESS MAY BE OF A CONFIDENTIAL NATURE THAT REQUIRES THEM TO BE
ISOLATED FROM OTHERS IN THE OFFICE AND FROM THE GENERAL PUBLIC. CENTRAL FILES, THE PAYMASTER, THE CONTROLLER, END
LEGAL OFFICES ARE EXAMPLES.
CONFERENCE ROOMS: CONFERENCE AND TRAINING ROOMS SHOULD BE REASONABLY NEAR THOSE DEPARTMENTS THAT USE THEM THE
MOST. IF THE OFFICE IS AIR CONDITIONED, THE ROOM CAN BE IN THE INTERIOR OF THE SPACE TO ELIMINATE THE DISTRACTION OF
WINDOWS AND TO PROVIDE MORE WALL DISPLAY AREA.
SERVICE FACILITIES: EATING, MEDICAL, AND LOUNGE FACILITIES ARE GENERALLY ON THE LOWER FLOORS TO REDUCE ELEVATOR
TRAFFIC.
 TYPES OF OFFICE IN TERMS OF SPACES
SINGLE ROW ARRANGMENT DOUBLE ROW ARRANGMENT THREE ROW ARRANGMENT

A SINGLE ROW ARRANGEMENT OFFICE IS

A DOUBLE ROW ARRANGEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL A THREE-PART ARRANGEMENT IS
GENERALLY UNECONOMICAL, AND IS ONLY
SMALL ROOMS, ALL WITH DAYLIGHT, WAS TYPICAL OF HIGH-RISE OFFICE
JUSTIFIED FOR DEEP OFFICE SPACE WHERE
PREVIOUSLY USED IN MOST OFFICE BUILDING BUILDINGS.
DAYLIGHT IS A PROBLEM.

LARGE SPACE LAYOUT SEPARATE OFFICE COMBINED OFFICE

LARGE SPACE LAYOUT WITH SOUND INSULATION, COMBINE OFFICE ARRANGEMENT

VENTILATION AND LIGHTING IN THE CEILING; SMALL IN THIS SEPARATE OFFICE LAYOUT EVERY CABIN ARE SEPARATELY DESIGN BUT
OFFICE WITH DAYLIGHT WERE PLACED AROUND THE CABIN IS SEPARATELY DESIGN. IN EVERY CABIN THERE IS AT LEAST
EDGE. IT IS A LARGE OPEN-PLAN OFFICE OR AS SEPARATE ONE OR TWO EMPLOYEE'S.`
OFFICES DIVIDED INTO THREE ROWS.
GENERAL OFFICE SPACE
REFERS TO AN OPEN AREA OCCUPIED BY A NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES, SUPERVISORS, FURNISHINGS, EQUIPMENT, AND
CIRCULATION AREA. LARGE OPEN AREAS PERMIT FLEXIBILITY END EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION, AID OFFICE COMMUNICATIONS,
PROVIDE BETTER LIGHT AND VENTILATION, REDUCE SPACE REQUIREMENTS, MAKE POSSIBLE BETTER FLOW OF WORK,
SIMPLIFY SUPERVISION, AND ELIMINATE PARTITION COSTS.
 OFFICE
AN OFFICE IS GENERALLY A ROOM OR OTHER AREA WHERE ADMINISTRATIVE WORK IS DONE, BUT MAY ALSO DENOTE A
POSITION WITHIN AN ORGANIZATION WITH SPECIFIC DUTIES ATTACHED TO IT.
SIZE OF A PRIVATE OFFICE:
100-200 SQ FT (FOR NORMAL PRIVATE OFFICES
300 SQ FT (WHERE OCCUPANT MEET WITH 10 OR MORE PEOPLE ONCE IN A DAY)

SIZE OF SEMIPRIVATE OFFICES

RANGING IN SIZE FROM 150 TO 400 SQ FT, OCCUPIED BY TWO OR MORE INDIVIDUALS.

WORKSTATION SPACE - SPACES PROVIDED TO PEOPLE TO ACCOMMODATE THEIR INDIVIDUAL FURNITURE

AND EQUIPMENT AND ALLOW THEM TO PERFORM THEIR JOB FUNCTIONS. WORKSTATION SPACE MAY BE ENCLOSED OR
OPEN DEPENDING ON THE CONFIDENTIALITY, SECURITY, VISUAL AND ACOUSTICAL PRIVACY REQUIREMENTS OF THE JOB.
OPEN AREA WORKSTATIONS
THE SPACE ALLOCATED TO THESE WORK STATIONS IS
BASED ON THE FURNITURE AND EQUIPMENT NECESSARY
TO PERFORM THE WORK ASSIGNED AS WELL AS ON
CIRCULATION AREA. THE SPACE ASSIGNED TO ANY
SPECIFIC WORK STATION MAY BE INCREASED DUE TO
SPECIAL FURNITURE AND EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
ASSOCIATED WITH THE PARTICULAR POSITION.
CONFERENCE ROOMS CONFERENCE ROOMS SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE AVERAGE BUT NOT
MAXIMUM ATTENDANCE. EXTRA CHAIRS CAN BE USED TO ACHIEVE ADDITIONAL
SEATING. THERE IS NEED OF 15-20 SQ FT PER PERSON SPACE REQUIRED FOR
CONFERENCE ROOM.

.
LOCATION OF CONFERENCE ROOMS:
CONFERENCE ROOM SHOULD BE
CENTRALLY LOCATED TO THE USERS.
INTERIOR SPACE, WHICH IS NOT
THE MOST DESIRABLE FOR OFFICE
PURPOSES, IS WELL SUITED FOR

.CONFERENCE USE.
THIS LOCATION ELIMINATES OUTSIDE
DISTRACTION AND THE NEED FOR WINDOW

.
COVERINGS
DURING VISUAL PRESENTATIONS.
ACCESS TO CONFERENCE ROOMS SHOULD BE
THROUGH CORRIDORS OR THROUGH
RECEPTION AREAS.
EMPLOYEE/VISITOR SUPPORT SPACES
 WORKSTATIONS, CONVENIENCE STORE, KIOSK, OR VENDING MACHINES
 LOBBY OR GENERAL OFFICE SPACE: CENTRAL LOCATION FOR BUILDING DIRECTORY, SCHEDULES, AND GENERAL
INFORMATION
 ATRIA OR COMMON SPACE: INFORMAL, MULTI-PURPOSE RECREATION AND SOCIAL GATHERING SPACE

 CAFETERIA OR DINING HALL

 TOILETS OR RESTROOMS

RECEPTION AREAS AND VISITOR CONTROL

VISITORS RECEIVE THEIR FIRST IMPRESSION OF AN ORGANIZATION FROM THE DECOR AND LAYOUT OF THE
RECEPTION AREA. IT SHOULD BE ATTRACTIVE, NEST, BUSINESSLIKE, AND ABOVE ALL, ADEQUATE TO
ACCOMMODATE NORMAL VISITOR TRAFFIC.

ALLOWANCE SPACE PER PERSON FOR WAITING AREA IS 10 SQ FT. SIZE, DECOR, AND EQUIPMENT WILL
DEPEND LARGELY ON THE TYPE AND VOLUME OF VISITOR TRAFFIC.
FURNITURE SPACE STANDARDS

PLANNING
• FLOOR-TO-FLOOR HEIGHTS ARE USUALLY ABOUT 12 FT, RANGING FROM 11 TO 14 FT. CEILING HEIGHTS ARE GENERALLY ABOUT
8 TO 8.5FT.
• THE SPACE ABOVE THE CEILING IS REQUIRED FOR DUCTS AND RECESSED LIGHTING.
• IN ORDER TO AVOID EXCESSIVE DEPTHS IN THIS UTILITY SPACE, GIRDERS ARE SOMETIMES DESIGNED WITH OPENINGS IN THE
WEB TO PERMIT THE PASSAGE OF DUCTS.
 THE OFFICES ARE DESIGNED WITH NO FIXED WALLS OR PARTITIONS.
 THE ENTIRE FLOOR SPACE IS TREATED AS OPEN SPACE WITH MOVABLE SCREENS, PLANTS, AND FURNITURE ARRANGEMENTS
UTILIZED TO CREATE FUNCTIONAL WORK GROUPS.
 WITH THE ELIMINATION OF FIXED WALLS OR PARTITIONS, A MAXIMUM DEGREE OF LONG- TERM FLEXIBILITY CAN BE ACHIEVED.
 THERE MAY BE INDOOR GARDENS ALONG THE VERTICAL CORE WITH SKYLIGHT.
CIRCULATION
THE SIZE OF AN AISLE SHOULD BE GOVERNED BY THE AMOUNT OF TRAFFIC IT BEARS. THE FOLLOWING STANDARDS WITH REGARD TO
INTERNAL CIRCULATION WILL BE APPLIED IN SPACE PLANNING SURVEYS:
1. AISLES LEADING TO MAIN EXITS FROM AREAS WHICH CARRY SUBSTANTIAL TRAFFIC (MAIN AISLES) SHOULD BE 5 FEET WIDE.
2. AISLES WHICH CARRY A MODERATE AMOUNT OF TRAFFIC (INTERMEDIATE AISLES) SHOULD BE 4 FEET WIDE.
3. AISLES BETWEEN ROWS OF DESKS (SECONDARY AISLES) SHOULD BE APPROXIMATELY 3 FEET WIDE.

EXECUTIVE CORE CONCEPT

MOST NEW BUILDING DESIGNS PRODUCE A BLOCK TYPE STRUCTURE WHICH IS WELL LIGHTED AND AIR CONDITIONED, AND
WHICH IS DIVIDED BY A FEW ACCESS CORRIDORS RADIATING FROM A CENTRAL SERVICE CORE.

.
THIS TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION PERMITS DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE PLANS BASED ON THE "EXECUTIVE CORE" CONCEPT.
THIS CONCEPT, OR TECHNIQUE, PLACES ALL OR A MAJORITY OF THE PRIVATE OFFICES IN THE CORE AREA AND
ALOCATES SPACE ALONG THE BUILDING PERIMETER FOR OTHERS.

OTHER OFFICE SPACES LIKE WORKSTATIONS

EXECUTIVE CORE

PRIVATE OFFICES

THE NUMBER OF ELEVATORS REQUIRED MAY BE ESTIMATED ON

THE BASIS OF ONE ELEVATOR PER 25,000 SQ FT OF RENTABLE AREA.
ELEVATOR LOBBIES SHOULD BE 6 TO 9 FT WIDE IF ELEVATORS ARE
ON ONE SIDE ONLY; 10 TO 12 FT IF ELEVATORS ARE ON BOTH SIDES.
 ANTHRO

SERVICES IN BUILDING
FIRE SAFETY
WHERE OPENINGS ARE PERMITTED, THEY SHALL NOT EXCEED THREE-FOURTHS THE AREA OF THE WALL
IN THE CASE OF AN EXTERNAL WALL AND THEY SHALL BE PROTECTED WITH FIRE RESISTING ASSEMBLIES OR ENCLOSURES HAVING A
FIRE RESISTANCE EQUAL TO THAT OF THE WALL OR FLOOR IN WHICH THESE ARE SITUATED.
OFFICE BUILDING SHALL HAVE STAIRCASE WIDTH 1.5 M

FIRE LIFTS
WHERE APPLICABLE, FIRE LIFTS SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH A MINIMUM CAPACITY FOR 8 PASSENGERS AND FULLY AUTOMATED WITH
EMERGENCY SWITCH ON GROUND LEVEL. IN GENERAL,
BUILDINGS 15 M IN HEIGHT OR ABOVE SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH FIRE LIFTS.
LIGHTING
- BROADER OPENINGS MAY ALSO BE EQUALLY OR MORE EFFICIENT, PROVIDED THEIR SILLS ARE RAISED
BY 300 MM TO 600 MM ABOVE THE WORKING PLANE.
- UNILATERAL LIGHTING FROM SIDE OPENINGS WILL, IN GENERAL, BE UNSATISFACTORY IF THE EFFECTIVE
WIDTH OF THE ROOM IS MORE THAN 2 TO 2.5 TIMES THE DISTANCE FROM THE FLOOR TO THE TOP OF THE
OPENING.
- OPENINGS ON TWO OPPOSITE SIDES WILL GIVE GREATER UNIFORMITY OF INTERNAL DAYLIGHT
ILLUMINATION, ESPECIALLY WHEN THE ROOM IS 7 M OR MORE ACROSS.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING DESIGN FOR INTERIORS

FOR GENERAL LIGHTING PURPOSES, THE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE IS TO DESIGN FOR A LEVEL OF
ILLUMINATION ON THE WORKING PLANE FOR OFFICE ON THE BASIS OF THE RECOMMENDED LEVELS
FOR VISUAL TASKS IS 300-750 LUX.
WATER SUPPLY, DRAINAGE AND SANITATION
WATER REQUIRED IN OFFICE BUILDING 45L PER HEAD PER DAY
ACOUSTICS AND SOUND INSULATION
•FOR GREEN BELT TO ACT AS A SOUND BARRIER IT SHOULD BE OF 30M THICK BELT OF PLANTING (STRONG LEAFY TREES)
IN ALL SITUATIONS A WELL DESIGNED BARRIER OF AT LEAST 3M HEIGHT SHOULD BE GIVEN TO ENSURE NO EXCESSIVE NOISE.

•ROOM REQUIRED QUITE ENVIRONMENT SHOULD BE ON QUITE SIDE, SHOULD NOT ON STREET LEVEL, NOT NEAR PARKING YARDS
AND DOUBLE WINDOWS CAN BE PROVIDED.

•NOISE INSIDE ROOMS, REVERBERATION SHOULD NOT EXCEED 0.75 SEC FOR SMALL OFFICE AND 1.25 S FOR LARGE OFFICE.

•LIGHT WEIGHT CONSTRUCTION, DOUBLE SKIN PANEL

WITH INSULATING MATERIAL FOR PARTITION, OF FULL
HEIGHT.

•DOUBLE PANEL HOLLOW FLOOR WITH HEAVY SOUND

DAMPENING MATERIAL.

•OPEN PLAN OFFICE, USE ELECTRONIC BACKGROUND

MASKING NOISE SYSTEM WHICH PROVIDE ACCEPTABLE
BACKGROUND NOISE.

•APPLYING SOUND ABSORBENT MATERIAL TO SURFACE

OF CEILING, SCREEN AND NEARBY WALLS.

•STAIRCASE AND LIFT SHOULD BE ISOLATED AND

SHOULD HAVE SILENT TYPE DOORS
BUILDING BYE LAWS
NORMS FOR THE SITE COVERAGE, PARKING AND FAR FOR THE INDUSTRIAL SITE GIVEN BELOW:

FAR PERMITTED: INDUSTRIAL / I.T. PARK SHALL HAVE MINIMUM 5 ACRES OF AREA. IN AN I.T. PARK, I.T. COMPONENT SHALL HAVE F.A.R. 2. IN
CASE OF INDUSTRIAL PARK, FOR INDUSTRIAL

F.A.R PERMITTED FOR AN INDUSTRIAL COMPONENT SHALL BE 1

ROAD WIDTH: THE MINIMUM ROAD WIDTH WITHIN THE INDUSTRIAL UNIT SHALL NOT BE LESS THAN 40 FEET. IN CASE, THE EXISTING ROAD IS
LESS THAN 40’-0” IN WIDTH, THEN IT SHALL BE WIDENED TO 40’-0” BY TAKING EQUAL STRIP OF LAND FROM BOTH SIDES OF THE ROAD.
RESIDENTIAL COMPONENT: RESIDENTIAL COMPONENT IN THE INDUSTRIAL PLOT / PREMISES SHALL NOT EXCEED 5% OF THE AREA OF THE
SITE AND SHALL FORM PART OF THE MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE COVERED AREA.
HEIGHT: NO HEIGHT RESTRICTIONS OF THE BUILDING.

PARKING STANDARDS
PARKING STANDARDS HAVE BEEN PRESCRIBED FOR GOVERNMENT 1 EQUIVALENT CAR
SPACES (ECS) PER 100 SQ M OF FLOOR AREA.
GREEN BUILDING CRITERIA FOR OFFICE BUILDING
SITE SELECTION

PRESERVE AND PROTECT LANDSCAPE DURING CONSTRUCTION.

SOIL CONSERVATION

ENHANCE OUTDOOR LIGHTING SYSTEM EFFICIENCY

REDUCE AIR POLLUTION DURING CONSTRUCTION

REDUCE BUILDING WATER USE

USE LOW-ENERGY MATERIALS IN INTERIORS

WASTE WATER TREATMENT

REDUCTION IN WASTE DURING CONSTRUCTION

STORAGE AND DISPOSAL OF WASTES

USE OF LOW-VOC PAINTS/ADHESIVES/SEALANTS

MINIMIZE OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES

ACCEPTABLE OUTDOOR AND INDOOR NOISE LEVELS

TOBACCO AND SMOKE CONTROL

PROVIDE AT LEAST THE MINIMUM LEVEL OF ACCESSIBILITY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

THANK YOU

ARCHITECTURALDESIGN VII
SUBMITTED BY – jatin solanki ,deepesh, tinku, sristhi,
Nidhi, shobit

B.ARCH , VII SEMESTER