FIRE & SAFETY

TRAINING
 Fire
FIRE – Fire is the Chemical Reaction of burning
substance with help of Heat, Fuel and Oxygen.

Fuel, Heat & Oxygen :-

 Fuel – Paper wood, clothes, gasoline, Kerosene, grease,

polish, Magnesium, sodium, titanium or aluminium, cooking oil.

 Heat – Ignition source or heat means flames, spark which ignites sufficient
heat, or flame for combustion or fire.

 Oxygen – Oxygen which is the most common factor and is available

everywhere in the form of air.
 Fire Triangle
How can you Extinguish a Fire

 Fire Prevention is nothing but avoiding the combination or mixing of

three Elements.
i. e. Fuel Oxygen & Heat.
Starvation – Removal of fuel.
Blanketing / Smothering - Removal of Oxygen.
 Cooling – Removal of Heat.
 Starvation : –
Removal of fuel. This is the method in which the surrounding materials are
removed form the seat of fire and making the fire for starve.

 Blanketing / Smothering : –
Cuts off the contact between fuel and oxygen. In this method the oxygen
supply to the fire area will be cut off. Naturally the fire will be off because
of lack of oxygen. It is not necessary to prevent the total oxygen supply to
the fuel area. This can by using cotton blankets, plywood sheet over the
fuel. Even closing the doors and windows will also serve the same propose
of cutting off the oxygen supply to the affected area.

 Cooling : –
Removal of Heat . Water is normally used for cooling the fire because it has
the greatest heat absorbing properties. Water is the best fire fighting media
for solid fires like wood, leaves, cotton and Charcoal.
 Types Of Fire
Class Examples

A - Solid Wood, Paper, Cloth, Plastic etc..

B – Liquid Paint, Oil, Petrol, Diesel, Grease,

Alcohol, Kerosene etc…

C - Gas LPG, CNG, Methane etc...

D - Metal Aluminum, Magnesium, Sodium,

Potassium etc…

E – Electric Live Wires, Switch boards,

Computers, Panel boards etc...
 TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

 There are different types of fire Extinguishers for

different types of fire.
 Selecting the right fire extinguisher is very
Important.

 Three Types of Extinguishers :-

 Water Foam
 DCP (Dry Chemical Powder)
 CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
 Fire Extinguishers

• Using Fire Extinguishers

• When using a fire extinguisher remember the acronym
P.A.S.S.

 Pull – Pull the pin.

 Aim - Aim low, at the base of the fire.
 Squeeze - Squeeze the handle to release the
extinguisher agent.
 Sweep - Sweep from side to side to keep the fire
from spreading.
 Using Fire Extinguishers
When using a fire extinguisher remember the
acronym P.A.S.S
 Rules for Fighting Fires
• The final rule is to always position yourself with an exit or
means of escape at your back before you attempt to use an
extinguisher to put out a fire.

In case the extinguisher malfunctions, or something unexpected

happens, you need to be able to get out quickly. You don’t want to
become trapped.
 USES OF FIRE EXITINGUISHER
EXTINGUISHER TYPES OF FIRE
TYPE ―˃ Solid ( A ) Liquid ( B ) Gas ( C ) Metal ( D ) Electric ( E )
Wood, Diesel, Aluminium, Computer, Switch
CNG, LPG,
Example―˃ Paper, Petrol, Magnesium, Boards
Plastic Paint Methane Sodium Panel

Foam
× × ×
  
Dry
Chemical
Powder

××  
Carbon
Dioxide
CO2
 Fire Equipments
1. Fire Extinguishers
2. Smoke Detectors
3. Hooter
4. Sprinklers
5. Hose Reel
6. Hydrant System
7. Public Address System
8. Manual Call Point
9. Fire Blankets
10. Fire Axe
11. Sand Bucket
12. FIRE Balls
Fire Extinguishers
Hooters
Smoke Detectors
Sprinklers
Hydrant System
Hose Reel
Public Address System
Manual Call Point
Fire Blanket
Sand Bucket
Fire Balls
 Fire Prevention

Class A — Ordinary combustibles : Keep storage

and working areas free of trash, place
oily rags in covered containers.

Class B — Flammable liquids : Keep flammable

liquids stored in tightly close containers.

Class C — While using gas be careful keep proper

maintenance of gas cylinder Keep Gas
knob always off after used.
 Fire Prevention
Class D — Magnesium and Titanium are the most
common types of metal fires. Once a
metal ignites do not use water in an
attempt to extinguish it. Only use a Dry
Powder extinguishing agent. Dry powder
agents work by smothering and heat
absorption.

Class E — Electrical equipment : Look for old wiring,

and broken electrical fittings. Prevent
ovens from overheating, Maintain your
oven in good working order.
 WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW
 Nearest Fire Equipment from your work place & its
operating Method.

 Emergency contact numbers :-

1. Fire Brigade – 101 (Nearest)

2. Ambulance – 102 (Nearest)
3. Police – 100 (Nearest)

 Emergency contact numbers of Hotel. (Extn 9 / 208)

 Keep Emergency Exit staircase Fire points & fire Hydrant

free from Obstacles.

 Your nearest Emergency Exit.

 ACTION ON DISCOVERING FIRE
 Call Security by Telephone Or Press Manual Call Point
(Break Glass).

 Identify yourself by Name & Department.

 Explain exact location of Fire, Type & Size.

 Raise Alarm & Call others Help.

 Attempt to put off Fire with right type of Extinguisher till

arrival of Fire Team.
 Exit Stairway

Fire Exit routes should be

Always clear

Do not use lift during Emergency

 Thank You.
Fire & Safety
Team