WHAT TO DO

BEFORE,
DURING AND AFTER
AN EARTHQUAKE.
How To Prepare BEFORE AN
Earthquake
KNOWING:
-determine if your home,school,or
workplace is along or near an active
fault .Is your place prone to any ather
earthquake hazards such as
liquefaction,ground rupture ,tsunami or
landslide?
PLANNING:
-adhere to proper structural
design and engineering
practices when constructing
houses or buildings.
PREPARING :
-strap heavy furniture or cabinet to
the wall
-store breakable items ,harmful
chemicals,flammable items in the
lowermost shelves and firmly
secured
-check the stability of hanging
objects which may fall during
strong earthquake.
~Identify which areas
in your house or
building can be used
as refuge during an
earthquake.
~prepare and maintain
an earthquake
survival kit.
~familiarize yourself with the
building you are in ,where the
exit points are as well as the
shortest way out.
What To Do During An
Earthquake.
-Get under a sturdy
table and do the
"DUCK,COVER,and
HOLD".
-Stay put until the
shaking stops.
-Be alert and try not to panicand
keep you presence of mind.
-If outside,move to an open area.
-When driving get out of the vehicle
and not to attempt to cross bridges
and flyovers.
What To Do After An
EARTHQUAKE
-Check yourself and others for
injuries.
-Immediately get out of the
building.
-Keep the telepone lines open for
emergency.
-Obey authorities.
School Setting Earthquake Actions
DURING
-Protect yourself
-Stay away from falling objects
-Stay away from falling pieces of broken
glasses
-Get under a sturdy table or desk and do
the "DUCK,COVER and HOLD".
-Stay put until the shaking stop.
As soon as the shaking stop:

-Leave the classroom

immediately.
-Get out of the building in orderly
manner.
-Give the following instructions to
students :
WALK
DO NOT RUN
DO NOT PUSH
DO NOT TALK
-Proceed to the identified evacuation area.
UNDERSTANDING
TSUNAMI AND
TSUNAMI
PREPAREDNESS
 TSUNAMI
-Is a japanese word meaning "harbor
waves"
-It is commonly generated by
disturbances associated with shallow
earthquakes occuring below or near the
ocean floor
-
-Underwater volcanic
eruptions,landslides and
meteorite impact can also
generate a tsunami.
-Tsunamis aerroneously called
"tidal waves"
-Tsunamis are generated by
Earthquakes and tsunami waves are
generated because of movement of
fault under the sea.
-The increase wave heigths associated
or during typhoons or tropical cyclones
are called "storm surges".Storm surges
are not tsunamis.
HOW ARE TSUNAMIS
GENERATED??
1.
1
-Tsunamis are commonly generated
in subduction zones under the
ocean where two plates collide,with
one plate (A)moving down under
the other (B).
2
When plates get
sruck,
the overriding
plate(B)
gets distorted.
3
Stuck area ruptures
triggering an
earthquake pushing
up the ocean floor
and seawater above
.This starts the
tsunami which
moves in opposite
direction.
INUNDATION
-the area flooded by tsunami.
TWO TYPES OF TSUNAMI
1.LOCAL TSUNAMI
-are confined to coasts within a hundred
kilometers
from the source.
- it is usually generated by earthquakes
,landslide or pyroclastic flow.
-it can reach the shoreline within 2-5 mins.
2.FAR FIELD OR DISTANT TSUNAMI
-can travel from 1-24 hours before
reaching the coast of the nearby
countries.
TSUNAMI SAFETY AND
PREPAREDNESS
MEASURES
-Do not stay in low -lying coastal areas after a
felt earthquake. Move to higher grounds
immediately .

-If unusual sea conditions like rapid lowering of

sea level are observed immediately move
towards high grounds

-Never go down the beach to watch for

tsunami.When you sea the wave you are too
close to scape it
During the retreat of sea
level,interesting sights are often
revealed.Fish may be stranded on dry
land thereby attracting people to
collect them.Also sandbars and coral
flats may be exposed.These scenes
tempt people to flock to the shoreline
thereby increasing the number of
people at risk.
COMMUNITY -
BASED EARLY
WARNING
SYSTEMS FOR
TSUNAMI
TSUNAMI
INFORMATION
ADVISORIES