|




 
  
   
 
  

‡ RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
‡ BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.

þ
 
 

‡ Keep an eye out for ³The-Owl´ and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
± He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow

'





'




þ
 
 

 
 
  

þ
 
 

 
 
  

þ
 
 

‡ What is Ecology?

þ
 
 

‡ What is Ecology?
± A) A very hungry caterpillar.
± B) A type of gardening tool.
± C) A branch of science that studies organisms
and the environment.
± D.) A new item on the McDonalds value
menu?
‡ Hint!
‡ What is Ecology?
± A) A strange type of Beetle.
± B) A type of gardening tool.
± C) A branch of science that studies organisms
and the environment.
± D.) A new item on the McDonalds value
menu?
‡ What is Ecology?
± A) A strange type of Beetle.
± B) A type of gardening tool.
± C) A branch of science that studies organisms
and the environment.
± D.) A new item on the McDonalds value
menu?

u   
 



‡ What is Ecology?
± A) A strange type of Beetle.
± B) A type of gardening tool.
± C) A branch of science that studies organisms
and the environment.
± D.) A new item on the McDonalds value
menu?

u   
 



‡ What is Ecology?
± A) A strange type of Beetle.
± B) A type of gardening tool.
± C) A branch of science that studies organisms
and the environment.
± Organisms: Any living thing (individual / one)

u   
 



  
 
 
   
 
   
 

þ
 
 

‡ What¶s the point in studying ecology?
± How is this relevant to my life?
‡ Answer- Because you a part of the
ecosystem. This world has some serious
ecological problems and understanding
the relationship between living things and
the environment is the key to better
management.

þ
 
 

‡ The 4 Concepts in Ecology
± Everything is Connected to Each Other
± Everything is Connected to the
non-Living Environment
± Everything Is Changing
± There¶s No Such Thing As A Free Lunch

þ
 
 

‡ The 4 Concepts in Ecology
± Everything is Connected to Each Other
± Everything is Connected to the
non-Living Environment
± Everything Is Changing
± There¶s No Such Thing As A Free Lunch

þ
 
 

‡ The 4 Concepts in Ecology
± Everything is Connected to Each Other
± Everything is Connected to the
non-Living Environment
± Everything Is Changing
± There¶s No Such Thing As A Free Lunch

þ
 
 

‡ The 4 Concepts in Ecology
± Everything is Connected to Each Other
± Everything is Connected to the
non-Living Environment
± Everything Is Changing
± There¶s No Such Thing As A Free Lunch

þ
 
 

‡ The 4 Concepts in Ecology
± Everything is Connected to Each Other
± Everything is Connected to the
non-Living Environment
± Everything Is Changing
± There¶s No Such Thing As A Free Lunch

þ
 
 

‡ The 4 Concepts in Ecology
± Everything is Connected to Each Other
± Everything is Connected to the
non-Living Environment
± Everything Is Changing
± There¶s No Such Thing As A Free Lunch

þ
 
 

‡ The 4 Concepts in Ecology
± Everything is Connected to Each Other
± Everything is Connected to the
non-Living Environment
± Everything Is Changing
± There¶s No Such Thing As A Free Lunch
‡ This is the one we will start off with.

þ
 
 

 þ  

  

 
  





þ
 
 

 þ  

  

 
  

º
 !
ºu    
 

 !

þ
 
 

‡ Activity! Making your bio-dome / Terrarium

þ
 
 

‡ Leave plenty of room for plants to grow!

þ
 
 

‡ Don¶t over water your bio-dome!

þ
 
 

‡ Don¶t knock it over!

þ
 
 

‡ Making your bio-dome / Terrarium
± 1st Thin layer of pebbles.
± 2nd Thin layer of sand on top of that.
± 3rd Thin layer of soil (brown)
± 4th Thicker layer of dark organic soil.
± 5th Add small pieces of various moss
± 6th Add a piece of lichen
± 7th Add some small plants
± 8th Add some small sticks with a mushroom on it.
± 9th Add a few organisms
‡ Just a few, no vertebrates allowed, do not over populate.
‡ Don¶t forget to lightly water it before closing the lid.

þ
 
 

‡ Area of Focus: 1st Concept, There is no
such thing as a free lunch.
± Physical science aspects of this concept are
covered heavily on the TINSTAAFLOFE.

þ
 
 


"#$  








þ
 
 

 "
 
 %     



þ
 
 

 ]    
  

þ
 
 

 

  
 
 
 &
  


    





þ
 
 

 


 
  



 
  

  

þ
 
 

‡ If a Snickers Candy Bar goes into your
body«Does a Snicker¶s Bar come out?

þ
 
 

‡ Answer! What comes out may look like a
Snickers, but it is much different.

þ
 
 

‡ Answer! The waste product is not as
energy rich because the high energy sugar
fueled your body for many hours.

þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

 þ 





  
   

 


þ
 
 

‡ Video! Food Chain Song and or Clay Blob Video.


'( 
 

þ
 
 

 º]!
º]!
º 
  !

þ
 
 

‡ ³Hoot´ ³Hoot´ ³I¶m ready to eat some primary
consumers.´


'( 

þ
 
 

‡ Trophic Feeding Levels.

þ
 
 

‡ Please record the following diagram in
your journal.



 

 $



 

 $



 

 $
 


 

 $
|


 )  




 


 

 $
|


 )  




 


 

 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





 


 

 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





 


 

 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





 


 

 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





‡ Let¶s now look at the flow of energy.
  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





 %    



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |






|  
  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |






þ  


  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





 þ   


 



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





  



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





 u  
 
 $ 
 
 )  
)

  


   
 $
|

 þ
  þ
 )  
 |

 þ
 *


 

 $ 
 
 )  
)

  


   
 $
|

 þ
  þ
 )  
 |

 þ
 *


 

 



 
)
 
  
 $
|

 þ
 
 )  
 |





‡ Photosynthesis: The process a plant uses to
combine sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
to produce oxygen and sugar (energy).

þ
 
 

‡ Guess the type of animal under each box?

V
þ
 
 

‡ Answer! Consumer (Mouse / Vole)

þ
 
 

‡ Answer! Any guesses

þ
 
 

‡ Answer! 2nd Order Consumer (Owl)

þ
 
 

 þ
  


 

þ
 
 

þ

     

 

þ
 
 

 º   

   
 

 !
 ]

+ 
  
    
   

þ
 
 

‡ Pronghorn antelope, North America¶s
fastest land mammal.
± 96 km an hour / (60mph)

þ
 
 

‡ The Pronghorn Antelopes main predator was a
North American Cheetah.
± This cheetah has become extinct.

þ
 
 

‡ 1st order consumer (plants only)

þ
 
 

‡ 2nd Order Consumer
± Eats an animal that eats plants

þ
 
 

‡ 3rd order consumer
± Ate an animal that ate an animal that ate
plants

þ
 
 

‡ 4th Order Consumer:
± Ate an animal, that ate an animal, that ate an
animal that ate plants.

þ
 
 

‡ 5th Order consumer:
± Ate an animal, that ate an animal, that ate an
animal, that ate an animal that ate plants.

þ
 
 

‡ Note how each feeding level has less
available energy.

þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.

|

,| -

þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.

|

,| -



 


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.

|

,| -



 


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 
 . /

þ


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 
 . /

þ


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 
 . /

þ


0
 /

þ


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 
 . /

þ


0
 /

þ


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 
 . /

þ


0
 /

þ


1 /

þ


þ
 
 

‡ Note the opposite of how each feeding
level has less available energy.
þ

|

,| -


 
 . /

þ


0
 /

þ


1 /

þ

2 /

þ


þ
 
 

 /


   
    

þ
 
 

‡ Wasps are omnivores.

þ
 
 

‡ Pillbugs are omnivores.

þ
 
 

‡ Ravens and crows are omnivores.

þ
 
 

‡ Pigs are omnivores.

þ
 
 

‡ Bears are omnivores.

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

º3/
4 !

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

º#/ !
º3/

5++$ !

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

º#/ !º3
/
4 !

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

º#/ !
º3/

5++$ !

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

ºu  
 !

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

º" 

!
º  
 
 !

þ
 
 

‡ People are omnivores.

º3
4#
5++$ !

þ
 
 

 /
  
 
6  


þ
 
 

  
/

  


 

* 
  

 % 

  ,#
 | -

þ
 
 

  
/

  


 

* 
  

 % 

  ,#
 | -

þ
 
 

  
/

  


 

* 
  

 % 

  ,#
 | -

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

‡ Termites are one of the few decomposers
in dry areas.

þ
 
 

‡ Activity! Whiteboards. Please arrange the
shapes and arrows so a sensible diagram
is constructed.

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

‡ Answer!
] 
] 

þ
 
 

A B

Please walk safely and take some wrong

turns before traveling to the corner with
the correct answer.

C D
A B
Ecology is«
A.) Is the study of the relationships of
organisms to their environment.
B.) Not important to humans.
C.) Not worth studying.
D.) Not the unit we are studying.

C D
A B
Ecology is«
A.) Is the study of the relationships of
organisms to their environment.
B.) Not important to humans.
C.) Not worth studying.
D.) Not the unit we are studying.

C D
A B
Energy cannot be«
A.) Given to your friend.
B.) Lost to the environment as heat
C.) Created or Destroyed
D.) Transferred to the surroundings

C D
A B
Energy cannot be«
A.) Given to your friend.
B.) Lost to the environment as heat
C.) Created or Destroyed
D.) Transferred to the surroundings

C D
A B
Heat always goes from«
A.) Cold to Hot
B.) Creation to Destruction
C.) Medium to Hot
D.) Hot to Cold

C D
A B
Heat always goes from«
A.) Cold to Hot
B.) Creation to Destruction
C.) Medium to Hot
D.) Hot to Cold

C D
A B
A producer is an organism that«
A.) breaks down waste
B.) Eats other animals
C.) A herbivore
D.) An organisms that makes it¶s own food

C D
A B
A producer is an organism that«
A.) breaks down waste
B.) Eats other animals
C.) A herbivore
D.) An organisms that makes it¶s own food

C D
A B
A consumer is an organism that«
A.) breaks down waste
B.) Eats other animals
C.) Does Photosynthesis
D.) An organisms that makes it¶s own food

C D
A B
A consumer is an organism that«
A.) breaks down waste
B.) Eats other animals
C.) Does Photosynthesis
D.) An organisms that makes it¶s own food

C D
A B
Fungi are«
A.) Decomposers
B.) Producers
C.) Consumers
D.) Carnivore

C D
A B
Fungi are«
A.) Decomposers
B.) Producers
C.) Consumers
D.) Carnivore

C D
A B
This is the general name for an
organism that eats plants and
animals.
A.) Carnivore
B.) Omnivore
C.) Herbivore
D.) Folklore

C D
A B
This is the general name for an
organism that eats plants and
animals.
A.) Carnivore
B.) Omnivore
C.) Herbivore
D.) Folklore

C D
A B
Inorganic means«
A.) Nutrients living things need
B.) Not Living
C.) A tiny organism that makes it food
D.) The weight of living things.

C D
A B
Inorganic means«
A.) Nutrients living things need
B.) Not Living
C.) A tiny organism that makes it food
D.) The weight of living things.

C D
A B
To cycle means to«
A.) A small unit of life
B.) A place and organism lives
C.) To repeat a process
D.) The weight of living things.

C D
A B
To cycle means to«
A.) A small unit of life
B.) A place and organism lives
C.) To repeat a process
D.) The weight of living things.

C D
A B
Ecology
A.) A small unit of life
B.) Living weight of organisms
C.) Tiny organisms that eats food
D.) The study of organisms and the
environment

C D
A B
Ecology
A.) A small unit of life
B.) Living weight of organisms
C.) Tiny organisms that eats food
D.) The study of organisms and the
environment

C D
A B

Organisms are«
A.) A living thing
B.) Smallest unit of life
C.) Weight of a living thing
D.) Living in water

C D
A B

Organisms are«
A.) A living thing
B.) Smallest unit of life
C.) Weight of a living thing
D.) Living in water

C D
A B

Nutrients are«
A.) Tiny organism that makes food.
B.) Chemicals living things need.
C.) Not cycled be decomposers.
D.) Living things in water.

C D
A B

Nutrients are«
A.) Tiny organism that makes food.
B.) Chemicals living things need.
C.) Not cycled be decomposers.
D.) Living things in water.

C D
 Nice Work!
Now Go back to
Your seats please!
‡ We use this example most of the time,
however, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
are the basis for the aquatic transfer of
energy.

þ
 
 

‡ We use this example most of the time,
however, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
are the basis for the aquatic transfer of
energy.

u     

 




þ
 
 

‡ We use this example most of the time,
however, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
are the basis for the aquatic transfer of
energy.

u     

 




þ
 
 

‡ We use this example most of the time,
however, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
are the basis for the aquatic transfer of
energy.

u     

 




þ
 
 

‡ We use this example most of the time,
however, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
are the basis for the aquatic transfer of
energy.

u     

 




þ
 
 

‡ We use this example most of the time,
however, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
are the basis for the aquatic transfer of
energy.

u     

 




þ
 
 

‡ We use this example most of the time,
however, phytoplankton, and zooplankton
are the basis for the aquatic transfer of
energy.

/) 7 "
 

þ
 
 

‡ The sun provides the energy for the
phytoplankton. Phyto=Light.
‡ Zooplankton eat the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ The sun provides the energy for the
phytoplankton. Phyto=Light.
‡ Zooplankton eat the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ The sun provides the energy for the
phytoplankton. Phyto=Light.
‡ Zooplankton eat the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ The sun provides the energy for the
phytoplankton. Phyto=Light.
‡ Zooplankton eat the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ The sun provides the energy for the
phytoplankton. Phyto=Light.
‡ Zooplankton eat the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ The sun provides the energy for the
phytoplankton. Phyto=Light.
‡ Zooplankton eat the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ Watch the flow of energy with the arrows.

þ
 
 

‡ Watch the flow of energy with the arrows.

þ
 
 

‡ Watch the flow of energy with the arrows.

þ
 
 

‡ Watch the flow of energy with the arrows.

þ
 
 

‡ Watch the flow of energy with the arrows.

þ
 
 

‡ Watch the flow of energy with the arrows.

þ
 
 

|  )5
 
  

8   
 


 

 
 9

  

þ
 
 

|  )5
 
  

8   
 


 

 
 9

  

þ
 
 

‡ Phytoplankton bloom seen from space.
Cold nutrient rich waters cause
phytoplankton to grow.

þ
 
 

‡ Many animals migrate to these rich waters
to feed off of the zooplankton which eat
the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ Video! The importance of phytoplankton.
 ' )    
 )  

4    )

þ
 
 

 ' )    
 )  

4    )

þ
 
 

‡ Zooplankton represent the largest
migration of any species in total biomass
as they move vertically through the ocean.

þ
 
 

‡ Zooplankton represent the largest
migration of any species in total biomass
as they move vertically through the ocean.

u  )  

    





þ
 
 

‡ Zooplankton represent the largest
migration of any species in total biomass
as they move vertically through the ocean.

u  )  

    





þ
 
 

‡ Biomass = Amount of living matter.

u  )  

    





þ
 
 

‡ Zooplankton represent the largest
migration of any species in total biomass
as they move vertically through the ocean.

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

þ
 
 

º!7
º
: )!
º!
º!7
º )!
º'
: )!
‡ Many small fish eat the zooplankton which
feed on the phytoplankton.

þ
 
 

‡ Many small fish eat the zooplankton which
feed on the phytoplankton.

º 

 !

þ
 
 

‡ Bigger fish then eat the smaller fish, and
so on.

þ
 
 

‡ Bigger fish then eat the smaller fish, and
so on.

þ
 
 

‡ Bigger fish then eat the smaller fish, and
so on.

þ
 
 

‡ Bigger fish then eat the smaller fish, and
so on.

þ
 
 

‡ Which is phytoplankton, and which is
zooplankton?

þ
 
 

Phytoplankton Zooplankton

þ
 
 

‡ A summary«

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
u  
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism
    through the food chain


as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers 


remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
± The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
± The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
± Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
± Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
± Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.



;
‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.



;#

‡ Inorganic: Not living.

‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.

#
 ;
‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.

#
 ;þ  


 
 
‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.

 ;
‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.

 ;  


 
‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.

þ ;
‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.

þ ;
 


‡ Inorganic: Not living.
‡ Nutrients: Chemical an organism needs.
‡ Ecosystems: All organisms living in a place.
‡ Cycled: Follow a pattern / repeat process.

+
u
)


  


  
 º
 


     


 
  9
  !
º)  
!

þ
 
 

‡ A summary«
A) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
B) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
C) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.
D) Energy is destroyed as animals are
consumed through the feeding levels.
E) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
F) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.

þ
 
 

‡ And the bogus statement is«
A) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
B) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
C) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.
D) Energy is destroyed as animals are
consumed through the feeding levels.
E) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
F) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.

þ
 
 

‡ And the bogus statement is«
A) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
B) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
C) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.
D) Energy is destroyed as animals are
consumed through the feeding levels.
E) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
F) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.

þ
 
 

 º%  
7


  

 

 
 7
 

 

8  

8 !

þ
 
 

 º
 


     


 
  9
  !
º)  
!

þ
 
 

‡ A summary
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) are predators.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ And the bogus statement was«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) are predators.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ And the bogus statement was«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) are predators.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ And the correct response would be«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

 º
 


     


 
  9
  !
º)  
!

þ
 
 

‡ Try and figure out the bogus statement.
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Producers remove the last energy from the
remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ And the bogus statement was«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Producers remove the last energy from the
remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ And the bogus statement was«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Producers remove the last energy from the
remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ The answer should be«?
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Producers remove the last energy from the
remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

‡ The answer should be«?
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

º)  
!

þ
 
 

‡ The bogus statement below is«?
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Energy is cycled, nutrients are not.

þ
 
 

‡ And the answer is«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Energy is cycled, nutrients are not.

þ
 
 

‡ And the answer is«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Energy is cycled, nutrients are not.

þ
 
 

‡ The correct response should be«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Energy is cycled, nutrients are not.

þ
 
 

‡ The correct response should be«
A) The ultimate source of energy (for most
ecosystems) is the sun.
B) The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is
for it to be lost as heat.
C) Energy and nutrients are passed from
organism to organism through the food chain
as one organism eats another.
D) Decomposers remove the last energy from
the remains of organisms.
E) Nutrients are cycled, energy is not.

þ
 
 

º)  
!

þ
 
 

º!7
º
: )!
‡ What is accumulating in this picture over
time?
‡ Answer! Too much stuff.
‡ What does accumulate mean?
‡ Accumulation: To form an increasing
quantity of something.
 *   
 
 


   

 
     
 
 *   
 
 


   

 
     
 

þ  

   




 *   
 
 


   

 
      
 

þ  

   




 *   
 
 


   

 
    
    
 

þ  

   




 *   
 
 


   

 
      
 

þ 
 ;

 *   
 
 


   

 
      
 

þ 
 ;





 *   
 
 


   

 
   
    
 

þ ;
 *   
 
 


   

 
   
    
 

þ ;$   
u 
  
 
   
 *   
 
 


   

 
     
 
 *   
 
 


   

 
     
 
 *
 u   

       
 *
 u   

       
 *
 u   

       
 *
 u   

       
 *
 u   

       
‡ Biomagnification and Pac-Man..
± Visit
http://www.thepcmanwebsite.com/media/pac
man_flash/ to play . We learn about it next.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
± Consumers eat food (Plants or Animals)
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
± Pellets represent plants that contain pollution.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ Blue dots are the pollution Pac-Man ate.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats Pac-Man it gets all of
the pollution.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats Pac-Man it gets all of
the pollution.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats another Pac-Man it
gets all of those pellets (Pollution)
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats another Pac-Man it
gets all of those pellets (Pollution)
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats another Pac-Man it
gets all of those pellets (Pollution)
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats another Pac-Man it
gets all of those pellets (Pollution)
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats another Pac-Man it
gets all of those pellets (Pollution)
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ When the ghost eats another Pac-Man it
gets all of those pellets (Pollution)
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ The pollution biomagnifies through the
food chain.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ The pollution biomagnifies through the
food chain.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ The pollution biomagnifies through the
food chain.
‡ Pac-Man represents consumer
‡ The pollution biomagnifies through the
food chain.
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
  " 



|  
  " 



;

|  
<1
  " 



;

 

|  
<1



 
  
 


  

 


 

   
V



  " 



|  
<=
  " 



10

|  
<1
  " 



.<>

10

|  
<=
  " 
V<<= 


.<>

10

|  
<=
|  
Doctors usually request
that pregnant woman
limit their consumption of
fish during pregnancy
because toxins can
cause problems in
babies.
9 
  
‡ Activity! Bioaccumulation Simulation.
± In this activity, you will simulate an aquatic
ecosystem.
± Pollutants will bioaccumulate through the food
chain.
‡ Activity! Biomagnification Simulation.
± In this activity, you will simulate an aquatic
ecosystem.
± Pollutants will bio-magnify through the food
chain.
‡ Activity! Biomagnification Simulation.
± In this activity, you will simulate an aquatic
ecosystem.
± Pollutants will bio-magnify through the food
chain.
Pollution accumulates in plants

Token represent the plants

Copepods eat the plants

Small fish eat Copepods

Big fish eat small fish

Pollution accumulates in plants

Token represent the plants

Copepods eat the plants

Small fish eat Copepods

Big fish eat small fish

Pollution accumulates in plants

Token represent the plants

Copepods eat the plants

Small fish eat Copepods

Big fish eat small fish

Pollution accumulates in plants

Token represent the plants

Copepods eat the plants

Small fish eat Copepods

Big fish eat small fish

Pollution accumulates in plants

Token represent the plants

Copepods eat the plants

Small fish eat Copepods

Big fish eat small fish

Pollution accumulates in plants

Token represent the plants

Copepods eat the plants

Small fish eat Copepods

Big fish eat small fish

u   
    
  º*
 !
‡ Rules for the Simulation;
± Tokens are the plants (Everywhere)
± Copepods (Largest group) pick up tokens and
put them in their cup.
± If a small fish (small group) tags a Copepod
they get all of their tokens. Copepod
reproduces and lives again.
± Large fish (Very small group) eats small fish
and collects all of their tokens. Small fish if
eaten must wait 1 minute before starting over.
± Teacher eats large fish at end of class and
accumulates all of the tokens / pollution.
‡ Rules for the Simulation;
± Tokens are the plants (Everywhere).
± Copepods (Largest group) pick up tokens and
put them in their cup.
± If a small fish (small group) tags a Copepod
they get all of their tokens. Copepod
reproduces and lives again.
± Large fish (Very small group) eats small fish
and collects all of their tokens. Small fish if
eaten must wait 1 minute before starting over.
± Teacher eats large fish at end of class and
accumulates all of the tokens / pollution.
‡ Rules for the Simulation;
± Tokens are the plants (Everywhere).
± Copepods (Largest group) pick up tokens and
put them in their cup.
± If a small fish (small group) tags a Copepod
they get all of their tokens. Copepod
reproduces and lives again.
± Large fish (Very small group) eats small fish
and collects all of their tokens. Small fish if
eaten must wait 1 minute before starting over.
± Teacher eats large fish at end of class and
accumulates all of the tokens / pollution.
‡ Rules for the Simulation;
± Tokens are the plants (Everywhere).
± Copepods (Largest group) pick up tokens and
put them in their cup.
± If a small fish (small group) tags a Copepod
they get all of their tokens. Copepod
reproduces and lives again.
± Large fish (Very small group) eats small fish
and collects all of their tokens. Small fish if
eaten must wait 1 minute before starting over.
± Teacher eats large fish at end of class and
accumulates all of the tokens / pollution.
‡ Rules for the Simulation;
± Tokens are the plants (Everywhere).
± Copepods (Largest group) pick up tokens and
put them in their cup.
± If a small fish (small group) tags a Copepod
they get all of their tokens. Copepod
reproduces and lives again.
± Large fish (Very small group) eats small fish
and collects all of their tokens. Small fish if
eaten must wait 1 minute before starting over.
± Teacher eats large fish at end of class and
accumulates all of the tokens / pollution.
‡ Rules for the Simulation;
± Tokens are the plants (Everywhere).
± Copepods (Largest group) pick up tokens and
put them in their cup.
± If a small fish (small group) tags a Copepod
they get all of their tokens. Copepod
reproduces and lives again.
± Large fish (Very small group) eats small fish
and collects all of their tokens. Small fish if
eaten must wait 1 minute before starting over.
± Teacher eats large fish at end of class and
accumulates all of the tokens / pollution.
‡ Rules for the Simulation;
± Tokens are the plants (Everywhere).
± Copepods (Largest group) pick up tokens and
put them in their cup.
± If a small fish (small group) tags a Copepod
they get all of their tokens. Copepod
reproduces and lives again.
± Large fish (Very small group) eats small fish
and collects all of their tokens. Small fish if
eaten must wait 1 minute before starting over.
± Teacher eats large fish at end of class and
accumulates all of the tokens / pollution.
‡ Playing area for simulation activity!
‡ Follow-Up to Simulation!
± Describe the flow of the cards (Pollution)
through the players.
‡ Copepods
‡ Small fish
‡ Big fish
± Why would you want to monitor the amount of
fish you eat in a month?
‡ Follow-Up to Simulation!
± Describe the flow of the cards (Pollution)
through the players.
‡ Copepods
‡ Small fish
‡ Big fish
± Answer: The pollution biomagnified through
the food chain as the copepods were eaten by
the small fish, and the small fish were eaten
by the big fish.
‡ Follow-Up to Simulation!
± Why would you want to monitor the amount of
fish you eat in a month?
‡ Follow-Up to Simulation!
± Why would you want to monitor the amount of
fish you eat in a month?
± Answer: Since pollution can biomagnify
through the food chain, you may want to
monitor your consumption of fish because big
fish may have toxins in them.
 |