C.O.S.H.

DAY 1
OSH SYSTEM IN THE
PHILIPPINES
OSH SYSTEM in the Phils.
Objective:
• Identify laws and policies which govern OSH administration in the Phils.;
• Determine government agencies which administers such laws;
• Explain the various strategies for OSH administration.

OSH

Updating of Health &

Compensation/
Enforcement: Admin. Safety & other related
Prevention: E.O. 307 Rehabilitation: P.D.
Code 1987 OSH Policies: Admin.
626
Code 1987
Policy Framework
1. Labor Code of the Philippines
• Art. 162 – mandatory OSH Standards (set and enforce)
• Art. 164 – OSH Trainings (develop & implement, increase no. & competence of OSH personnel)
• Art. 165 – administration and enforcement (DOLE solely responsible but chartered cities may conduct industrial safety inspections)
• Art. 128 – visitorial and enforcement power (Inspectors have access to employer records & premises, can order compliance of labor
laws, secretary can order stoppage of work or suspension of operations in imminent danger cases)

•2. Presidential Decree 626 – created the Employee’s Compensation Commission in 1975
•3. Sanitation Code of the Philippines
•4. R.A. 8504 – HIV/AIDS Prevention Act – signed in February 13, 1998
•5. R.A. 9165 – Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
•6. R.A. 6969 – Nuclear and Other Hazardous Substances and Chemical Act
Policy Framework
7. Local Government Act – decentralized some national government functions to LGUs. Ex.
Inspection of buildings, health care provisions, etc.
8. E.O. 307 – created OSHC as national focal point on:
• Training
• Research
• Information
• Technical services/assistance
on OSH matters.
Selected OSHS Provisions
1. Coverage and Scope Rule 1001
2. Duties of Employers and Workers Rule 1005
3. Hazardous Workplaces Rule 1013
4. Imminent Danger Rule 1012.02
5. Health and Safety Committee Rule 1040
6. Accident/Illness Report Rule 1050
7. OH and Environment Control Rule 1070
8. Personal Protective Rule 1080
9. Authority of Local Government Rule 1980
Selected OSHS Provisions
10. Reporting Forms
11. Penal Provisions Rule 1990
Rule 1000. General Provisions
Duties of Employers
• Furnish safe and healthful working conditions
• Give job safety instruction
• Comply with OSHS
• Use approved safety devices
Duties of Workers
• Cooperate with management
• Report unsafe condition
• Use all safe device
Hazardous Workplaces
•Exposure to dangerous environmental elements, contaminants or work conditions
•Construction work, logging, fire-fighting, mining, quarrying, blasting, stevedoring, dock work,
deep sea fishing and mechanized farming
•Manufacture or handling of explosives and pyrotechnic products
•Use or exposure to power driven or explosive to biological agents as bacteria, fungi, viruses,
protozoas, nematodes and other parasites
Imminent Danger
•A condition or practice that could reasonably be expected to cause death or serious physical
harm before abatement under the enforcement procedure can be accomplished.
Rule 1040. Health & Safety Committee
•Plans and develops accident prevention program
•Directs implementation of programs
•Conducts safety meetings at least once a month
•Reviews reports of inspections, accident investigations, and implementation of programs
•Provides OSH trainings for staff
Rule 1050. Notification & Keeping of
Records of Accidents and/or Illnesses
•Accidents/Illnesses must be reported to the DOLE Regional Office every month;
•Basis of accident trends
Rule 1070. Control of Physical &
Chemical Agents
•Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)
•Permissible exposures
•Work Environment Measurements (WEM) should be done annually
•Refer to M.C. #1, s. 2000
Rule 1080. Personal Protective
Equipment
•Every employer should furnish workers with PPE at his own expense;
•Of approved design;
•Deductions for loss or damage should not exceed 20% of weekly wage.
Types of OSH Inspection
•Technical Inspection – boilers, pressure vessels, internal combustion engines, elevators and
other mechanical equipment
•General Safety Inspection – inspection of the work environment

Reporting Requirements
1. Registration of Establishments – IP-3
2. Report of Safety and Health Organization – IP-5
3. Employer’s Work Accident/Illness Exposure Data Report – IP-6
4. Annual Work Accident/Illness Exposure Data Report – IP=6B
5. Annual Medical Report Form – 47-A
Penal Provisions
•Fine from P 1,000.00 to P 10,000.00;
•Imprisonment of not less than three (3) months;
•Both fine and imprisonment; and
•Aliens can be deported.

“Enforcement is one response

But not the only response.”
Administrative Order No. 296
(Framework for Labor Standards
Enforcement)
New Approaches in the Enforcement of Labor Standards:
1. Development approach
2. Regulatory approach
3. Networking and Partnership approach
 LABOR STANDARDS ENFORCEMENT FRAMEWORK
VISION A culture of safety, health and welfare at the workplace and ethic of self-regulation
And voluntary compliance with labor standards in all workplaces

Philippine Constitution
LEGAL BASES • Preamble – build a just & humane society, promote the common good and the rule of law
• Section 18, Art. II Declaration of Principles and State Policies
• Section 3, Art XIII Social Justice and Human Rights
ILO Conventions on Labor Standards (100, 95, 99, 138, 111, 144, 17, 19, 89, 59, 177, 110)
Labor Code of the Philippines, as amended
• Books III & IV – Articles 128, 129, 162 & 165. Visitorial & Enforcement Powers
Occupational Safety and Health Standards
Related Laws on Working Conditions & Occupational Health & Safety
• National Building Code
• Mechanical Engineering Code
• Electrical Engineering Law
• Sanitation Code
• RA 4566 or Constructor’s Licensing Law
GOAL Voluntary Compliance to Labor Standards in all Workplaces
General Labor Occupational Health Technical Safety
Standards & Safety Standards Standards
ISSUANCE D.O. 574 – 04 Effectivity: 31 January 2004
 D.O. 57 - 04
1. Voluntary compliance with Labor Standards
Objectives 2. Expand the reach of DOLE through partnerships with stakeholders
1. Self-Assessment = employing 200+ and with certified CBA
Approaches 2. Inspection = 10 – 199
3. Advisory Services = less than 10 & BMBES
1. Self-Assessment = once a year + Spot Check
Frequency 2. Inspection = once a year + Spot Check for compliance verification
3. Advisory Services = once + Spot Check to verify commitments
1. Advocacy and Education Campaign
2. Self-Assessment with Spot Check
Strategies 3. Conduct of Inspection
4. Training Assistance/ Advisory Services with monitoring of commitment/ compliance
5. Delegation of Authority to LGUs on TSI
1. Manual of Labor Standards
2. Manual of the Conduct of TAVs
Tools 3. Revised Inspection Manual
4. Technical Safety Inspection Manual
5. Guidelines on Labor Standards Violation/ Labor Standards Cases
R.O. Responsibilities
1. Creation of an Evaluation and Monitoring Team.
2. Submit Initial analysis of activities stated in the Labor Standards Enforcement Program

BWC Responsibilities
1. Technical supervision of the implementation of D.O. 57 – 04
2. Formulation of appropriate Manuals and capability building of Regional Implementors
3. Formulates standards and advisory for the administration and enforcement of D.O. 57 – 04
4. Submit Report thru the USEC for WPW to the Secretary of Labor

DOLE
Secretary
Table 1: Establishments covered under
the 3 Approaches of LSEF
Type of Establishment Number of Establishments Mode of Enforcement
With less than 10 workers and 743,628 Advisory Services
registered BMBEs
With 10 – 199 workers 61,341 Inspection
With at least 200 workers 5,393 (2,363 are unionized w/ < Self-Assessment
&unionized establishments 200 workers)

There are 193 inspectors nationwide to cover a total of 810,362 establishments

Source: NSO, 2003 and BLES, 2004 for unionized establishments

Approaches in D.O. 57 - 04
•Covers establishments employing 200 workers and above and unionized establishments with
certified CBA regardless of the number of workers with the use of a Checklist for Self-
Assessment on Compliance with Labor Standards

•Conduct of Self-Assessment
• At least once a year within 1 month from receipt of the Checklist
• Jointly by employer and workers’ representative (LMC, Health and Safety Committee and others)
• Assistance to accomplish the Checklist maybe requested from R.O.
• Submission of Checklist to R.O. (Not later than 5 days after the assessment)
Inspection
•Covers establishments employing 10 – 199 workers
•Priorities
• Existence of complaints/ imminent danger
• Hazardous workplaces
• Construction sites
• Establishments employing women/ child workers
Advisory Services
•Covers establishments employing less than 10 workers and those registered BMEs
•Conduct of Orientation Seminars and authorized advisory/ assistance visits
•Utilizes WISE principles and methodology in the conduct of trainings
OSH SITUATIONER
International and
Philippine Data
DAY 1
Global OSH Data: ILO Report
Annually: (2008)
•337 million workers fall victims of work-related accidents and diseases (causing more than 4
days absence)
•2.3 million die of work-related accidents (360,000) and diseases (1.95M)
•Close to 50% of the deaths attributed to work take place in Asia
• Death rates five to six times higher in developing countries
• 320,000 dies from exposures to biological risks (viral, bacterial, insect or animal-related risks)
• 170,000 deaths are in the agricultural sector

Injuries Occur to Everyone, Everywhere and Anytime!

Local Scenario:
The Filipino Workers
•37.1 million employed Filipinos (as of July 2011)
• Both in the formal and informal sectors
• 1.3 million government employees
• 8 million OFWs (ave. of 3,300 deployment daily)

Total: 37.1M Filipino Workers

Agriculture Manufacturing Services

Number of establishment in the Philippines:
2010 (According to Employment Size)
Number of Establishments

Micro Small Medium Large

Key Local OSH Data
Data Sources:
•2001-2005 Work Accidents/ Illnesses Summary – BWC based on mandatory reporting
requirements of the OSH Standards (OSHS)
•2009/2010 BLES Integrated Survey
•NSO Household Survey Data
•OSHC Database
NSO Household Survey (2000)
•For every 100,000 workers, 700 receive injuries that stop them from working for about a day
•Non-fatal injuries increase with age

Work Accidents and Illnesses Summary (2005)

•2,586 accidents reported by 289 establishments
•1,523 (59%) disabling injuries
•Total days lost: 121,624
•Est. economic loss: P 66 million
Distribution of Work Accident Cases by
Region (2005)

NCR 262 RVII 1

CAR 29 RVIII 29
RI 20 RIX 0
RII 24 RX 2
RIII 52 RXI 1092
RIV 675 RXII 232
RV 2 CARAGA 22
RVI 20 ARMM 2
2009/2010 BLES Integrated Survey (BITS)
•39,587 cases of occupational injuries in 2009
• With lost work days: 17,713 (superficial injuries and open wounds, dislocations, sprains and strains,
burns, corrosions, scalds, foreign body in the eye) (Body parts injured: wrist and hand, lower
extremities, head, arm and shoulder) (Causes of Injury: stepping on, striking against, struck by objects,
caught in or between objects, falls of persons, exposure to extreme temperature, over-exertion, struck
by falling objects) (Agents of Injury: machines and equipment, materials, objects, hand tools,
transport/conveying, packaging equipment, building, structures)
• Without lost work days: 21,874
• 113 fatalities
• 154 permanent disabilities
• 17,447 temporary disabilities

•23,723 non agricultural establishments surveyed nationwide with 20 or more workers

Key Local OSH Data
Cases of Occupational Diseases (2009):
71,894
• Muscolo-skeletal disorders
• Hypertension
• Occupational asthma
• Infections, ulcers, dermatitis, TB

Top three work-related EC Claims:

• Renal disorders
• Disorder of the eyes
• Cardio-vascular diseases
Profile of the Most-Commonly Injured
Worker
•Male
•Married
•26-30
•With 1-5 years work experience
•Assigned in the first shift
OSH ISSUES and CONCERNS
•Low compliance rate to OSH Standards (OSHS)
• Absence of strict penalties
• Fragmented OSH administration
• Outdated OSH standards

•Weak enforcement of OSHS

• Inadequate number of OSH personnel
• Lack of OSH facilities in the region

•Low priority given to OSH

•Public apathy on OSH concerns

Philippines Luzon Visayas Mindanao

Establishments 783,065 500,133 143,104 139,828
Labor Inspectors 223 127 37 59
Emerging OSH Issues
•Women workers’ OSH
•Child labor
•OSH in the informal sector, agriculture, schools, information technology sector
•Lifestyle diseases e.g. HIV and AIDS, smoking, drugs and substance abuse
•OSH of migrant workers, sea-farers
Remember…
•Accidents and injuries result to losses of lives, limbs, time and property
•Most accidents at work could have been prevented
•Sound prevention need to be implemented systematically in the national and enterprise/
workplace level
Overview on
Accreditation of OSH
Practitioners
DAY 1
DOLE’s Clients (The Filipino Workforce)
Strategic Goals
•Goal 1: A Gainfully Employed Workforce
•Goal 2: A Competitive Workforce
•Goal 3: A Secure Workforce
•Goal 4: A Safe and Healthy Workforce

Major Categories:
Workers Employed in the Informal Economy (14.6 million)
Workers Employed in the Formal Economy (18.9 million)
Workers Employed Overseas (3.8 million)
Workers Looking for Work (2.7 million) would be workers
DOLE Frontline/ Enforcers
•16 Regional Offices
•69 Field Offices
•223 Labor Inspectors

Philippines Luzon Visayas Mindanao

Establishments 783,065 500,133 143,104 139,828
Labor Inspectors 223 127 37 59
Requirements for Accreditation of OSH
Practitioner
1. Completion of Prescribed 40-Hour BOSH training from DOLE accredited or recognized Safety
Training Organizations (STOs).
2. Relevant experience in OSH
• Three (3) years experience of applicant is duly licensed by PRC
• Four (4) years experience if applicant is a graduate of any 4 or 5 year college course without PRC license.
• Ten (10) years experience if applicant is a college undergraduate
What are the documentary
requirements?
1. Duly accomplished Application Form (DOLE-BWC-AF-PCN-A1)
2. Updated Original Certificate of employment
3. Original copy of actual functions/ job description duly signed by the employer or authorized official
of the company.
4. Photo copy of previous employment certificate.
5. Photocopy of Certificate of Completion on the Bureau prescribed BOSH training course issued by
DOLE Accredited STOs (minimum of 40 hours)
6. Photo copy of Certificate of Attendance/ Participation to other OSH related trainings/ seminars
from DOLE accredited/ recognized organizations/ institutions.
7. Photo copy of college diploma, transcript of records and/ or PRC license, if any
8. Proof of applicant’s achievements/ accomplishments/ participation on OSH (i.e. awards/
recognitions, OSH reports)
Process Flow
Phase I – Receiving of Application, Initial Evaluation of documents
Phase II – Panel Interview/ Validation of OSH Experience/ Presentation of Originals
Phase III – Final Evaluation/ Review of Application (Approval/Disapproval of Application)
Phase IV – Issuance of Certificate/ ID Card (Payment of accreditation fees)
Validity and Renewal of Accreditation
•Accreditation shall be valid for three (3) years and shall be renewed upon compliance with
minimum requirements pursuant to D.O. 16, unless suspended, cancelled or revoked.
•Accreditation shall be renewed within the prescriptive period of 30 calendar days prior to
expiration therof.
Effects of Accreditation
•Accreditation shall be synonymous with license to practice OSH.
•Thus, NO person organization shall be allowed, hired or otherwise employed as practitioner/
consultant while organization SHALL NOT BE AUTHORIZED to conduct OSH trainings and
services, unless the requirements of this Rule are complied with.
•No employer or organization shall hire or employ practitioner or consultant on OSH unless
accredited by the Department.
Duties and Responsibilities of DOLE
Accredited OSH Practitioners (Rule 1034:03)
1. Develop, implement, promote OSH programs in the workplace.
2. Advise/ assist the employer to comply with the provisions of the OSHS, especially submission
of OSH reporting forms.
3. Perform at least quarterly appraisal/ assessment of the implementation of OSH programs
4. Prepare annual report of OSH programs of an establishment
5. Assist government inspecting authority
Unsafe/ Unhealthy Acts
and Conditions
DAY 1
Accident
•An occurrence or event that is: unexpected, unforeseen, unplanned, unwanted which leads to
damage, injury, loss or death
Common reasons for Accidents: (Layman’s version)
•Oras na niya
•Malas niya lang
•Tanga kasi
•Kasama sa trabaho
These are not real causes………only excuses.
Accidents are caused. They don’t just happen.
Hazard + Exposure = Accident or Illness
Safety Hazards > Accident/Injuries > Direct Contact
Health Hazards > Diseases/Illnesses > Exposure
Direct Costs of Accidents
• Medical Expenses
• Equipment Damage
• Wasted Raw Materials
• Insurance Premiums
• Litigation Expenses
Hazard + Exposure = Accident or Illness
Indirect Cost of Accidents
• Injured Workers
• Other Employees
• Supervisors
• Replacement worker
• Equipment

Humane Aspects
• Sorrow due to loss
• Hardships and inconveniences
• Physical pain/discomfort
• Psychological problems
Unsafe/ Unhealthy ACT
•A human action that departs from a standard or written job or common practice, safety rules,
regulations, or instructions.
•A violation of a commonly accepted safe procedures and or processes.
Examples:
• Operating Equipment without authority
• Disregard of SOP or instructions
• Removing Safety Devices
• Using Defective equipment
• Improper/ Non-use of PPEs
• Working while under the influence of alcohol or drugs
Factors Contributing to Unsafe Acts
•Improper Attitude
•Physical Limitations
•Lack of Knowledge or Skills
Unsafe Condition
•The physical or chemical property of a material, machine or the environment that may result in injury
to a person, damage or destruction to property and other losses;
•Could have been guarded or prevented.
Examples:
• Inadequate guards/ protection
• Overloaded cable extensions
• Congestion
• Inadequate warning systems
• Fire and explosion hazards
• Slippery floors
• Damaged and exposed electrical wirings
• Excessive noise
• Radiation exposure
• Inadequate illumination/ ventilation
Can Accidents be prevented?
Generally…
• 98% - preventable
• 2% - non-preventable
• 88% - unsafe/ unhealthy ACTS
• 10% - unsafe/ unhealthy CONDITIONS

•Safety’s intention is Accident Prevention.

•Both the human and the technical factors of accident causation should be addressed.
•A comprehensive OSH program is needed to prevent accidents from happening.
•It takes lesser time to do things right than to explain why things go wrong.
ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION
DAY 2
Accident Investigation
•A methodical effort to collect and interpret the facts of accident
•An inquiry as to how and why the accident occurred in order to explore actions that should be
take to prevent or minimize recurrence of the accident
•Most important thing – Investigation is not intended to place blame.
Purpose of Accident Investigation
• To establish all facts
• To draw conclusion
• To make recommendations
• To prevent recurrence

Principles: The investigation of any accident event will never progress unless that event is first
properly reported to the appropriate management within an organization.
Reasons Why Accidents Are Not
Reported
•Natural fear many people have of being associated with an accident event.
•Idea of investigating a situation that has resulted in some degree of loss
•Reflect unfavorably on their own performance or that of their department
•Simply do not wish to interrupt work production
Types of Accident to be Reported
•Fatal Accidents
•Accident-causing injury or illness
•Diseases
•Dangerous occurrences
•Near misses
Who Should Conduct Accident
Investigation?
•Supervisors
• More familiar with the people involved
• Have a better understanding of the operation
• Know all safe work practice/ rules pertaining to his/ her job
• Employees may be willing to speak more freely
• Have a personal stake in the investigation
• Disadvantages:
• Possible whitewash or cover-up
• Supervisor tend to be more sympathetic to his/ her subordinate
• Lack of knowledge on technical safety
• Focus may not be on the incident but on the operation
• Has a tendency to create conflict between safety and productivity
Who Should Conduct Accident
Investigation?
•Safety Officer/ Man
• Serves as secretary of the safety and health committee
• Coordinates all safety and health programs for the employer and employees
• Conducts safety and health inspections as member of the SH committee
• Maintains or help in the maintenance of efficient accident record system
Size of Investigating Team
•The extent of injury
•The potential for injury or damage
•The potential for repetitions
•The department involved
•Requirement for specialized knowledge
•Legal requirement

•Accident > Control the scene > Gather Data > Analyze Data > Write Report
Control the Scene
•Provide medical care for injured
• First aid
• On scene evaluation
• Transport for medical care

•Control existing hazards

• Prevent further injuries
• Get more help if needed

•Preserve evidence
 Interview Process
• When? Where?

• In group or individually?

• Put the person at ease

• Reassure them that this is a fact-finding process only

• Interview as soon as possible after the incident

• Do not interrupt medical care to interview

• Interview each person separately

• Do not allow witnesses to confer prior to interview

• Take notes

• Ask open-ended questions

• What did you see?
• What happened?

• Do not make suggestions

• If the person is still stumbling over a word or concept, do not help them out

• Used closed-ended question later to gain more detail

• What time did it happen?

Interview
•Do not ask leading questions
• Bad: “Why was the forklift operator driving recklessly?”
• Good: “How was the forklift operator driving?”

•If the witness begins to offer reasons, excuses, or explanations, politely decline that knowledge
and remind them to stick with the facts
•Summarize what you have been told
• Correct misunderstandings of the events between you and the witness

•Ask the witness/ victim for recommendations to prevent recurrence

• These people will often have the best solutions to the problem

•Get a written, signed statement from the witness

Gather Information: Accident Scene
Gather Evidence
Records

Analyze Data
Data Analysis List
◦ Accident Title
◦ Date, Time, Location
◦ Persons involved
◦ Witnesses
◦ Work & environmental conditions at time of accident
◦ Immediate actions taken at scene
Determine Causes
•Employee actions
• Safe behavior, at-risk behavior

•Environmental conditions
• Lighting, heat/ cold, moisture/ humidity, dust, vapors, etc.

•Equipment condition
• Defective/ operational, guards, leaks, broken parts, etc.

•Procedures
• Existing (or not), followed (or not), appropriate (or not)

•Training
• Was employee trained – when, by whom, documentation
Recommendations
•Determine corrective actions
• Recommendations based on key contributory factors and underlying/ root causes
• Select the ones likely to be most effective, most cost beneficial and most acceptable
• Establish time table
• Recommendation(s) must be communicated clearly

“An accident/incident report is not the end of an accident/incident response and investigation
process, it is in fact the start of the corrective process.”
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
DAY 2
Training: Unqualified & Qualified Persons
•Explain the Hazards associated with Electricity
•Teach them to determine the nominal voltage of Live Parts
•Teach them to determine the clearance distances of live parts
•Teach them to distinguish between live parts and other parts
•Program related injury
•Change in job assignment
•New equipment introduced
•Failure in the safety work practices
•Reason to doubt employee proficiency
Management’s Role
Considerations:
1. Get involved
2. Ensure your support is visible
3. Support the electrical safety effort
4. Implement ways to measure effectiveness
5. Attend the same training as your workers
6. Insist on periodic follow-up & program review
7. Follow-up on the actions you took
Supervisor’s Role
1. Get involved
2. Get your workers involved
3. Never ridicule any injury or near miss
4. Treat all near misses as an accident
5. Complete the paperwork for improvements
6. Attend the same training as your workers
7. Be professional – you could save a life today
8. Get involved in the safeguarding of electrical sources
9. Follow-up on the actions you took
Employee’s Role
1. Get involved
2. Contribute to make corrective actions
3. Know the hazards associated with your job
4. Report all accidents associated with your job
5. Always provide complete and accurate information
6. Report all electrical safety problems or deficiencies
7. Follow-up with any additional information
Safety Committee
1. Document meetings
2. Encourage employee involvement
3. Provide feedback without fear or reprisal
4. Make recommendations for corrective action
5. Analyze statistical data concerning accidents
6. Hold regular electrical safety review meetings
7. Bring employee concerns to the management’s attention
8. Follow-up is critical
Housekeeping Duties
1. Where live parts present an electrical contact hazard, employees may not perform
housekeeping duties at distances where there is a possibility of contact
2. Adequate safeguards ( such as insulating equipment or barriers ) must be provided
3. Electrically conductive cleaning materials may not be used in proximity to energized parts
unless procedures are followed which prevent electrical contact
Personnel Protection
Signages, Barrier and Barrier Tape,
Warning signs should be:
1. Standardized where possible
2. Distinctive from other signage
3. Posted at the appropriate height
4. Clearly warn personnel of the hazards
5. Posted at all entry ways to the work area
FIRE SAFETY
DAY 2
Classification of Fire
Class A – these are fires involving solid materials, normally an organic nature such as paper,
wood, plastic, coal, and natural fibers. These fire usually produced burning embers
Class B – These are fire involving flammable liquids or liquefied solids gasoline, kerosene, grease,
fats and paints
Class C – energized electrical fires
Class D – metals like magnesium, titanium, sodium, potassium, aluminum
Inspection Procedures (Fire
Extinguishers)
1. Know the locations of your fire extinguishers
2. Determine the likely types of fires in the area
3. Ensure the extinguisher is the right type
4. Inspect for rust, dents, or other signs of damage
5. Inspect the seal for tampering or previous use
6. Inspect the gauge and feel the weight
7. Is the extinguisher full of agent
8. Ensure the pin, nozzle, and nameplate are intact
9. Report missing or damage extinguishers
Emergency Procedures
Many of the accidents & fatalities occur during fire is due to the panic behavior of the personals
involved. Panic can be defined as “A sudden and excessive feeling of alarm or fear usually
affecting a body of persons, originating in some real or supposed danger, vaguely apprehended,
and leading to extravagant and injudicious efforts to secure safety.
In order to control this type of situations, Emergency procedures shall be develop and exercises
were stimulated to prevent the unpredictable & unforeseen events.
MACHINE SAFETY
DAY 2
Basics of Machine Guarding
Hazardous Mechanical Motions
◦ Rotating; Collars, Clutches, Spindles, Vertical Shafts, Couplings, Flywheels, Meshing gears, cams, Shaft
ends, horizontal shafts
◦ Reciprocating
◦ Transverse

Hazardous Mechanical Actions

• Cutting; Band saws, circular saws, boring machines, drilling machines, turning machines, milling
machines
• Punching; power presses, iron workers
• Shearing; mechanical shears, hydraulic shears, pneumatic shears
• Bending
Basics of Machine Guarding
Requirements for Safeguards
• Be securely attached
• Create no new hazards
• Withstand operational conditions
• Allow for safe routine maintenance
• Allow for safe operator adjustments
• Withstand environmental conditions
• Provide protection from falling objects
• Prevent contact with hazardous conditions
• Create no interference in the conduct of work
Basics of Machine Guarding
Operator Training Considerations:
• Provide instruction and or hands on training
• Discuss the purpose of safeguards
• Cover associated hazards thoroughly
• Involve guard designers in the training
• Describe how to properly use safeguards
• Describe how safeguards provide protection
• Describe circumstances for safeguards removal
• Explain what to do if safeguards are damaged
• Explain what to do if safeguards are missing
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
DAY 2
PPE
•Head Protection
•Hearing Protection
•Hand & Arm Protection
•Torso Protection
•Eye & Face Protection
•Respiratory Protection
•Foot Protection
•Fall Protection
Limitations of PPE
1. The hazards still exists
2. A defective PPE offers no protection
3. The PPE may introduce additional hazard
4. Most PPE are not for continuous use
5. Improper wearing may not give maximum protection
6. It may transfer hazard to another location
Summary
1. Assess the workplace for hazards
2. Use engineering and work practice controls to eliminate or reduce hazards before using PPE
3. Select appropriate and approved PPE to protect employees from hazards that cannot be
eliminated
4. Inform employees why the PPE is necessary, how and when it must be worn
5. Train employees how to use and care for their PPE, including how to recognize deterioration
and failure
6. Require employees to wear selected PPE
SAFETY AND HEALTH
INSPECTION
DAY 2
An inspection is a service to an organization
and its workforce; not a burden
Inspections are need because nothing is completely risk-free: things wear out, conditions
change, people are not perfect
Managers have moral and legal responsibilities to provide a safe and healthful workplace
Purpose
◦ Eliminate Hazards, Assess Effectiveness of OSH Program, Display Visible Management Commitment to
Safety, Establish Accountability, Identify Training Needs, fulfill Legal Obligations

Types of Inspection
◦ Continuous Inspection, Periodic/Interval Inspection, Intermittent/Emergency Inspection, Regular
Inspection, General Inspection

Plan and Prepare > Recognize (Inspection Proper) > Assess report & institute controls > Monitor
TOOLS AND
EQUIPMENT SAFETY
DAY 2
Hazards in the use of Hand Tools
•Defects in tools
•Improper carrying and handling of sharp and pointed tools
•Falling tools
•Improper use
•Improper Storage
•Sparks
Hazards in Pneumatic Tools
•Getting hit by one of the tool’s attachments
•Flying particles which may injure eyes and face
•Tripping hazard from air hose line
•Air hose failure
•Use of pressurized air hose for cleaning
•Noise hazard
Hazards from use of Electric Tools
•Defective insulation
•Undersized electrical accessories
•Sparks
•Flying particles/ Dust
Conclusion
•All hazards involved in the use of hand and power tools can be prevented by following five basic
safety rules:
• Keep all told in good condition with regular maintenance
• Use the right tool for the job
• Examine each tool for damage before use
• Operate according to the manufacturer’s instructions
• Provide and use the proper protective equipment
Thank You