Strategies and Methods

in Teaching
 BRAINSTORMING

-A problem is introduced to small groups of student.

-Each group gets together and selects a reporter
-Each group exchange ideas which results to a pool
of ideas, suggestions and techniques.
-Each group evaluates the solutions and come up
with what they consider is the best answer.
-The reporter of the group, reports to the class the
result of the group discussions.
 SYMPOSIUM FORUM

-A small group of five to eight students is given

topics to be developed as speeches.
- Sufficient time for mastery and rehearsal is
provided before the actual conduct of the
symposium.
- The speaker is introduced by a moderator.
- Speeches are delivered longer by the speaker than
that of the panel forum.
 ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE

-This strategy may be as simple as assigning a group of

discussants who will talk exhaustively about a topic or
issue in a round table.
-The leader introduces the topic/question for discussion
as well as the members of the conference.
-Informally, the reporter will present facts and concepts
they gather about the topic while the class listens.
-After the discussion, the leader gives a summary.
-Then students ask relevant questions to the discussants.
 RECITATION METHOD

- A traditional method which is also called the

textbook method.
- A teacher assigned a chapter/unit of the book to be
read by the student at home.
- The chapter/unit previously read is the basis for
recitation.
- The teacher and members of the class ask questios
on the material/
 ROLE PLAYING

- A creative technique through which learners enact

life-like situation in order to derive principles,
concepts or conclusions.
 PROJECT METHOD
There are steps to follow:
a) PURPOSING – bringing the students to the
purpose of the project.
b) PLANNING – letting students prepare a project
plan
c) EXECUTING- letting the students carry out the
activities
d) EVALUATING – letting the class evaluates the
finished products on display.
 REACTION
- Is giving a reaction orally or written to someone’s
point of view.
Steps in giving an oral reaction:
* Choose an article on a controversial issue.
* Let the students read the article.
* Let the students give their reactions orally.
For a written reaction:
* Follow the first 3 steps on oral reaction.
* Let the student write their reaction.
* Display the best reaction.
 PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD
- Also known as inquiry method.

STEPS:
1. Stating the problem.
2. Collecting the data.
3. Organizing the data.
4. Analyzing the data.
5. Drawing conclusions.
6. Reporting the findings.
 LECTURE METHOD

- The teacher talks according to an outlined plan and

expects the students to listen and take down notes.
 LABORATORY METHOD
- Deals with firsthand experienced regarding materials
or facts obtained from investigation.

STEPS:
a) Introduction Phase/Pre-lab Discussion
b) Work/Laboratory Period
c) Culminating Activities/Post-Lab Discussion
 INTERVIEW
- Allows for obtaining data through the face – to - face
conference with the subjects of the study.
- Permits free expression on the part of both the
subject and the interviewer.

STEPS:
a) Planning Stage d) Summarizing
b) Work Period e) Reporting
c) Organizing
 FIELD TRIP
- Studying many things in the environment.
- Provides an opportunity among students relief from classroom
routine/activities.

STEPS:
a) Planning Stage
*Listing of objectives, values and things to observe.
*Securing parents permit.
* Discuss preparation of food, transportation and others.
b) Field Trip Proper
c) Final Stage
* Introduction
* Discussion Proper
* Evaluation
 WHAT OTHER
STRATEGIES and
METHODS IN TEACHING
DO YOU KNOW?
 The 4A’s
 What are the 4A’s?
 1st A is Activity

* A STRUCTURED EXPERIENCE

* MAY BE DIRECT

* WHAT TO DO PHRASE

* TO ENGAGE THE LEARNER

* TO DEVELOP A COMMON BASE FOR

DISCUSSION
 Shall be inviting
 If it starts with an energizer, it shall be related
to or leading to the topic
 Appropriate to the specific objectives
 Provide data needed towards the desired
content learning
 Clearly stated instructions
 With a time frame
 Varied
 2nd A is Analysis

*A REFLECTIVE FEEDBACK
* A PROCESS OF INQUIRY INTO THE
ACTIVITY
* THE “WHY” PHASE
* TO LOOK MORE CLOSELY AT WHAT
HAPPENED
* SYSTEMATIC EXAMINATION
* EXPERIENCE SHARING
* LEARNING FROM OTHERS
 The questions shall be simple and
are clearly stated

 The questions shall elicit responses

 The questions are activity based

 3rd A is Abstraction

* INTEGRATION OF ACTIVITY AND ANALYSIS

* THEORY INPUTS
* THE “SO WHAT” PHASE
* TO MAKE AN INFERENTIAL LEAP TO LIFE
* TO DERIVE GENERALIZATIONS
* TO INTEGRATE THE VARIOUS CONCEPTS IN
THE LEARNING SESSION
- related to the expected responses
- related to the activity/analysis
-incorrect responses are
respectfully acknowledge
-inputs are in a logical manner
-prepared materials are based on
guidelines
 4th A is Application

* A PRACTICAL SYNTHESIS
* THE “NOW WHAT’ PHASE
* APPLY GENERALIZATIONS TO WORK
* TRANSFER INSIGHTS INTO REAL LIFE
CONCERNS
* EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
SESSION
Ensures that there is
application of learning by the
students in the succeeding
sessions and back at work or
at home.
 “PROgRESS
Is
IMPOSSIBLE
without CHANGE
and
those who cannot change their minds,
cannot change everything”
 “A journey of a
THOUSAND MILES
begins with
A SINGLE STEP”