Principles of

Engineering System Design

Dr T Asokan

asok@iitm.ac.in
IDEF0 ( Integrated Definition for Function Modeling)

• Developed by US Air force

• Answers definitive questions about the
transformation of inputs to outputs
• Is a coordinated set of diagrams, using both a
graphical language and natural language
• A-0 page is the context diagram
• A0,A1, A2, .. Level 0,1,2, .. diagrams
IDEF0 ( Integrated Definition for Function Modeling)
• A-0 page: Context or system function
diagram. Defines inputs, controls, outputs,
and mechanisms (ICOMs) for the single top-
level function, labelled A0.( Contains A0)
• A0 Page: Level 0 diagrams with first tier
functions specified

 A1,A2, ..: Level 1 diagrams with second tier

functions specified.
 A11,A12, …A21,A22…. : Level 2 diagrams
with third tier functions
 C1 C2 C3

Transform I1 & !2 O1
I1 into O1,O2 & O3
as determined by O2
I2 C1, C2 & C3
using M1 A0 O3

M1

C1 C2 C3

I1.1 Transform I1.1

into O1 & O2.1
I1 O1
as determined by O2.1
C1 & C2
using M1.1

ransform O2.1 & I1.2

I1.1
into O2.2 O2.2
as determined by O2
C2, C3 & O1
using M1.2 A2

ransform I2
into O3
I2 as determined by O3
C2 & C3
using M1.3
M1.2 A3
M1.1
M1.3

M1
 C1 C2 C3

T ra n s fo r m I1 & !2 O1
I1 i n to O 1 ,O 2 & O 3
a s d e te r m in e d b y O2
I2 C 1, C 2 & C 3
u s in g M 1 O3
A0

M1

C1 C2 C3

I1 .1 T ra n s fo r m I 1 .1
in to O 1 & O 2 .1
I1 O1
a s d e te r m in e d b y O 2 .1
C1 & C2
u s in g M 1 .1

r a n s fo r m O 2 .1 & I1 .2
I 1 .1 O 2 .2
in to O 2 .2
a s d e te r m in e d b y O2
C 2, C 3 & O 1
u s in g M 1 .2 A2

ra n s fo r m I2
in to O 3
I2 a s d e te r m in e d b y O3
C2 & C3
M 1 .2 u s in g M 1 .3 A 3
M 1 .1
M 1 .3

M1
Functional Structure IDEF0- Example: Elevator
Request for Structural
Request for Request for ModifiedElevator
Emergency Support,
Floor & Elevator Configuration
Support & Alarm Signals
Exit Support Service & & Expected
Emerency & Building
Entry support Usage Patterns
Message Environment

Passenger
Environment

Passenger Acknowledgment
Characteristics that Request Was
Recieved & Status
Information
PROVIDE
ELEVATOR Diagnostic &
Electric Power SERVICES Status Messages
& Emergency
Communication Emergency
Response Communication

A0 Elevator
Entry/Exit
Service, Tests
Opportunity
& Repairs

Emergency
Support
Elevator System

NODE: A-0 TITLE: Provide Elevator Services NUMBER: P. 2

 Request for Structural
Request for Request for ModifiedElevator
Emergency Support,
Floor & Elevator Configuration
Support & Alarm Signals
Exit Support Service & & Expected
Emerency & Building
Entry support Usage Patterns
Message
Environment

Passenger
Environment

Passenger Acknowledgment
Characteristics that Request Was
Recieved & Status
Information
PROVIDE
ELEVATOR Diagnostic &
Electric Power SERVICES Status Messages
& Emergency
Communication Emergency
Response Communication

A0 Elevator
Entry/Exit
Service, Tests
Opportunity
& Repairs

Emergency
Support
Elevator System

NODE: A-0 TITLE: Provide Elevator Services NUMBER: P. 2

Frame1
 Digitized Digitized Temporary
Priority Passenger Configuration ModifiedElevator
Modification to Configuration
Passenger Requests Controls Elevator
Requests & Expected
Configuration Usage Patterns

MONITOR
Diagnostic
LOCATION Sensed
Queries
OF ALL CARS Malfunctions
Digitized
A21
MONITOR Nonpriority
LOCATION AND Passenger
DIRECTION OF Requests
ALL PRIORIT Y
WAITING
PASSENGERS List of all
Floors with
A22
MONITOR Waiting
LOCATION AND Nonpriority
DIRECTION OF Passengers
ALL & Desired
List of all Direction
NONPRIORIT Y
Floors with
WAITING
Waiting
List of all Priority A23
Cars with Passengers
Direction & & Desired ALLOC ATE
Location Direction CARS TO Assignments
PASSENGER for Elevator
PICK U P Cars
STOPS
A24

Elevator Control
Component

NODE: A2 TITLE: CONTRO L ELE VATOR CARS NUMBER: P.5

 Digitized Digitized
Frame1 Priority Passenger Configuration
Temporary ModifiedElevator
Modification to Configuration
Passenger Requests Controls Elevator
Requests & Expected
Configuration Usage Patterns

MONITOR
Diagnostic
LOCATION Sensed
Queries
OF ALL CARS Malfunctions
Digitized
A21
MONITOR Nonpriority
LOCATION AND Passenger
DIRECTION OF Requests
ALL PRIORITY
WAITING
PASSENGERS List of all
Floors with
A22
MONITOR Waiting
LOCATION AND Nonpriority
DIRECTION OF Passengers
ALL & Desired
List of all Direction
NONPRIORITY
Floors with
WAITING
Waiting
List of all Priority A23
Cars with Passengers
Direction & & Desired ALLOCATE
Location Direction CARS TO Assignments
PASSENGER for Elevator
PICK UP Cars
STOPS
A24

Elevator Control
Component

NODE: A2 TITLE: CONTROL ELEVATOR CARS NUMBER: P.5

A2 Control elevator car

Elevator Digitized Digitized

Position & Temporary ModifiedElevator
Priority Passenger Configuration Modification to Configuration
Direction Passenger Requests Controls Elevator & Expected
Requests Configuration
Usage Patterns

M ONITOR
Diagnostic
LOCATION Sensed
Queries
OF ALL CARS Malfunctions
Digitized
A21
MONITOR Nonpriority
LOCATION AND Passenger
DIRECTION OF Requests
ALL PRIORITY
WAITING List of all
PASSENGERS Floors with
A22 Waiting
MONITOR Nonpriority
LOCATION AND Passengers
DIRECTION OF & Desired
List of all ALL Direction
Floors with NONPRIORITY
Waiting WAITING
List of all Priority A23
Cars with Passengers
Direction & & Desired ALLOCATE
Location Direction CARS TO Assignments
PASSENGER for Elevator
PICK UP Cars
STOPS
A24

Elevator Control
Component

NODE: A2 TITLE: CONTROL ELEVATOR CARS NUMBER: P.5

 Configuration Assignments
Controls for Elevator
Cars

Elevator
Electric Power RECEIVE & Entry/Exit
& Emergency DISCHARGE Opportunity
Communication PASSENGERS
Response
A31
Sensed
Travel Discharge
Travel OK
Electric Stopped Malfunction
Message
Power Message
TRAVEL
TO NEXT Elevator
Passenger Position &
STOP
Characteristics Direction
A32
Passenger Sensed
Weight Travel Sensed
Passenger Malfunction
Malfunction
Heat
PROVIDE
COMFORTABLE
ATMOSPHERE Passenger
Diagnostic
A33 Environment
Queries
Elevator Cab Sensed
& Door Comfort
Elevator Malfunction
Car Door
Elevator Cars
Elevators Cars Sensors & Controls
Component

NODE: A3 TITLE: MOVE PASSENGERS BETWEEN FLOORS NUMBER: P.7

 Configuration Assignments
Controls for Elevator
Cars

Elevator
Electric Power RECEIVE& Entry/Exit
&Emergency DISCHARGE Opportunity
Communication PASSENGERS
Response
A31
Sensed
Travel Discharge
Travel OK
Electric Stopped Malfunction
Message
Power Message
TRAVEL
TONEXT Elevator
Passenger Position &
STOP
Characteristics Direction
A32
Passenger Sensed
Weight Travel Sensed
Passenger Malfunction
Malfunction
Heat
PROVIDE
COMFORTABLE
ATMOSPHERE Passenger
Diagnostic
A33 Environment
Queries
Elevator Cab Sensed
&Door Comfort
Elevator Malfunction
Car Door
Elevator Cars
Elevators Cars Sensors &Controls
Component

NODE: A3 TITLE: MOVEPASSENGERSBETWEENFLOORS NUMBER: P.7

Evaluation of Functional Hierarchy: Scenario Tracing
Shortfall: is the absence of a functionality that is
required to produce a desired output.
• Absence of the proper functionality
• Inability to produce a desired output
• Insufficient control signals to produce O/P

overlap: is a redundancy in functionality that is

needed to achieve additional performance.
Functional overlaps, unlike physical overlaps, are not
needed
Evaluation of Functional Hierarchy: Scenario Tracing
Evaluation of Functional Hierarchy: Scenario Tracing