NFPA 70

National Electric Code (NEC)

Grounding & Bonding

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 EQUIPMENT GROUNDING
• Proposito:
Proporsionar seguridad al personal
• Manera:
Interconnecting all non-current carrying metal
components and will eliminate potential differences
among the metal components.
Connecting the equipment grounding conductor
system to Earth will eliminate potential differences
between metal components and Earth.
Components: raceways, boxes, cabinets, frames, cable
armor, building steel, etc...

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 SYSTEM GROUNDING
• Purpose:
Provide equipment protection by operating
overcurrent devices to clear fault current and
providing a potential reference.
• Means:
An intentional connection to equipment ground
from one of the current carrying conductors of
an electrical distribution system.

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 TYPES of SYSTEM
GROUNDING

• Ungrounded
• Solidly or Effectively Grounded
• Resistance Grounded
• Reactance Grounded

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 AC Systems Required to be
Grounded NEC 250-5
• AC circuits < 50 volts
 Where supplied by transformers if the transformer supply
exceeds 150 volts to ground.
 Where supplied by transformers if the transformer supply
system is ungrounded.
 Where installed as overhead conductors outside of building.
• AC Systems of 50 to 1 kV Supplying Premises Wiring
 Where max voltage to ground is 150 volts or less.
 Where a 3Ø, 4W Wye-connected system supplies L-N load.
 Where a 3Ø, 4W Delta-connected system supplies L-N load.
 Where a grounded service conductor is un-insulated.
• AC Systems of 1KV & Over (See 250-5(c))
• Separately Derived Systems (See 250-5(d))

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 Effective Grounding Path
NEC 250-51
• The path to ground from circuits, equipment, and metal
enclosures for conductors shall (1) be permanent and
electrically continuous, (2) have capacity to conduct safely
any fault current likely to be imposed on it, and (3) have
sufficiently low impedance to limit voltage to ground and
to facilitate the operation of the circuit protective devices.
• The Earth shall not be used as the sole equipment
grounding conductor.

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 Grounding Electrode System
(H) NEC 250 - 81 & - 83
• Formed by bonding all of the following:
• Metal underground water pipe (soil contact at least 10’)
• Building steel
• Concrete encased electrode (Ufer Ground)
• Ground ring
• Made and other electrodes
Local underground systems or structures
Rod & Pipe electrodes
Plates electrodes

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 NEC 250 - 81 & - 91(a)
• Splicing of the Ground Electrode Conductor
 Listed irreversible compression type connectors
 Exothermic Welding Process
• NEC 250-84: Resistance of Made Electrodes
Single Electrode
• R = 25 ohms or less
• R > 25 ohm, a second electrode is installed
Electrodes at least 6 feet apart

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Grounding Conductor Connections
(K) NEC 250
• 250-113: To Conductors and Equipment:
• Grounding conductors and bonding jumpers shall be
connected by EXOTHERMIC WELDING, listed pressure
connectors, listed clamps, or other listed means.

• 250-115: Connections to Electrodes:

• The grounding conductor shall be connected to the
grounding electrode by EXOTHERMIC WELDING, listed
lugs, listed pressure connectors, listed clamps, or other
listed means.

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 Equipment Grounding
Personnel Safety

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 System Grounding
Equipment Protection

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 System Grounding
Solid Neutral Grounding

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 System Grounding
Resistance Grounded

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Earth as Equipment Grounding Electrode
UNACCEPTABLE / CODE VIOLATION

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