5G RAN Sheduling

5G RAN2.
0 Scheduling
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preface
 To improve spectral efficiency, the New Radio (NR) system
uses shared channels for transmission and time-frequency
resources are dynamically allocated among UEs. The
resource allocation mode (such as modulation scheme,
coding scheme, and allocation priority) directly affects user
perception and network performance.
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Have a basic knowledge of the Scheduling feature.
 List the scheduling algorithms of Huawei gNodeB.
 Describe basic and enhanced uplink/downlink scheduling.
 Describe scheduling methods for typical services.
Contents
1. Technical Principles
2. Downlink Scheduling
3. Uplink Scheduling
Introduction
• Scheduling enables the gNodeB to allocate PDSCH or PUSCH resources (time
domain, frequency domain, or spatial domain resources) to UEs for transmitting
system information or user data. The resource allocation must comply with the
frame structure configuration and use a scheduling basic unit.
• Key factors
 Frame structure configuration Upper layer
 Basic scheduling unit
 Scheduler (MAC entity)
Downlink scheduler MAC layer
 Execution
• The figure on the right illustrates Cell
downlink scheduling.
Frame Structure Configuration
Example: TDD, 30-kHz subcarrier, uplink/downlink subframe
assignment = 1:4
 Three slot formats: downlink-specific slot, uplink-specific

slot, and slot with flexible configuration
One radio frame (10 ms), containing 20 slots (0.5 ms per slot)
D D D S U D D D S U D D D S U D D D S U
Basic Scheduling Unit: PRB
Slot D S U D D D S U D D
…
1 slot D GAP U D GAP U
1 slot, 14 OFDM symbols
PRB
PRB
PRB
PRB
12 subcarriers
…
…
PRB
PRB
Band Subcarrier Bandwidth RB
Mode
(GHz) (KHz) (MHz) Count
1.8 FDD 15 20 106
3.5 TDD 30 100 273
28/39 TDD 120 100 66
Implementation
 Scheduling is implemented by schedulers (MAC entities),
which are located at the UE and the gNodeB separately in
the NR system.
RRC Layer 3
PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC
Layer 2
Logical channel
MAC MAC
Transport channel
PHY PHY Layer 1
Physical channel
UE gNB
MAC Entity
Upper layer
PCCH BCCH CCCH DCCH DTCH MAC control
Logical channel priority (uplink)
Multiplexing/Demultiplexing
Control
HARQ Random access control
PCH BCH DL-SCH UL-SCH RACH

Lower layer
Execution
CQI/RI/PMI
PDCCH (DCI)
PDSCH&PUSCH
 Basic process:
 The UE measures user-level CSI-RI SINR and reports channel quality

information such as CQI/RI/PMI to the gNodeB.
 Based on the reported channel quality and UE capability, the gNodeB selects
a proper MCS and transmits data on the PDSCH/PUSCH.
 The UE obtains the uplink/downlink resource allocation information from the

DCI carried over the PDCCH.
CQI
 CQI indicates the channel quality. The CQI reported by the
UE to the gNodeB is obtained after quantification on the
SINR obtained from pilot measurement. In 5G RAN1.0, the
reported CQI is measured on full bandwidth and used for:
 MCS and TBS selection
 Frequency selective scheduling
 Power control on physical channel transmission
PDCCH&PDSCH
Example: 30-kHz subcarrier, D slot Example: 30-kHz subcarrier, S slot
One slot = 0.5 ms One slot = 0.5 ms
PDCCH PDSCH PDCCH PDSCH GP SRS
PDSCH Resource Allocation
 RBG-based frequency diversity scheduling can be used for
PDSCH resource allocation
 Frequency diversity scheduling
Power Sequential allocation 20 MHz RBG size 4 as an example
UE1 UE2 UE3

…
Frequency
System bandwidth
Start RB
Total RB Count RBG Size
1-36 2
37-72 4
73-144 8
145-273 16
Contents
Terms
 Modulation and coding scheme (MCS)
 Represents a particular combination of a modulation scheme and a channel
code rate. Layer 2 determines the MCS for each UE to be scheduled.
 Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback

 Indicates whether data has been correctly transmitted or retransmitted. It can
be acknowledgment (ACK) or negative acknowledgment (NACK).
 Carrier bandwidth part (BWP)

 Indicates a combination of contiguous RBs. The BWP of UEs is generally
smaller than the gNodeB system bandwidth. UEs can be scheduled over the
same BWP at the same time.
Processing by the Scheduler
Channel status
-PMI/CQI/RI
-Beamforming gain Processing physical- Scheduler
layer measurement
information
Scheduling in each TTI Scheduled bearer
Data
-Downlink data buffer status
-HARQ feedback status Processing scheduling
Dynamic scheduling MCS for
scheduled UEs
information
Priority calculation PRB and TBS
allocation for
Downlink power input scheduled UEs
gNodeB model and MCS selection Rank for

UE capability scheduled UEs
-Downlink BWP Sending weight for
-Synchronization status Resource allocation scheduled UEs
-Number of TRXs
Inputs Outputs
Downlink Scheduling – Inputs
CSI • RI/PMI/CQI and beamforming gain
Downlink TX power • Power of all to-be-scheduled UEs in a cell
• Whether retransmission or initial

HARQ feedback
transmission is required
• Used for calculating the required

Downlink buffer status
resources
gNodeB model and • Used for selecting the scheduling algorithm

UE capability
Determining the Cell Beam Set
 Determine the cell beam set
 On the high frequency band, analog beams are allocated for
each TRX in the cell before real-time scheduling.
 The overall procedure is as follows:
Number of TRX and Determining

UE priority TRXs required analog beam the cell beam
by a UE allocation set
Downlink Scheduling – Process
Service priority
RB allocation
MCS DMRS port
UE priority (quantity and
selection selection
location)
Weight TBS
selection selection
Downlink Scheduling – Priority
High priority
Common control information
Dedicated control information
HARQ retransmissions
Initial transmissions with special

priority
Initial transmissions with basic

priority
Low priority
Control-Plane Scheduling
 Control-plane information includes:
 Common control information: remaining minimum system
information (RMSI) and random access response (RAR)
 Dedicated control information: SRB0, SRB1, and SRB2
 Control-plane information adopts resource allocation type0 (RBG

bitmap).
 When it comes to user level control message scheduling on the

high frequency band, the conditions for determining whether
beam matching for UEs succeed must be supplemented.
Scheduling is disallowed when beam matching fails.
Downlink HARQ Retransmission
Scheduling
 The scheduling priorities of different HARQ retransmissions are determined by
the wait time. A longer wait time indicates a higher scheduling priority. If all
retransmissions have the same wait time, a retransmission is randomly selected.
 The following figure shows downlink HARQ retransmission procedure in a TTI.
Schedule HARQ retransmissions based on

their priorities.
Allocate resources to HARQ UEs until all UEs

are scheduled or downlink resources run out.
Note: When it comes to HARQ retransmission scheduling on the high-frequency

band, the beam matching decision conditions for UEs need to be supplemented.
Downlink HARQ Retransmission
Scheduling Process
Start
No Are there UEs qualified for

HARQ retransmissions?
Yes
The gNodeB selects a UE requiring an HARQ
retransmission
No
Is the number of consecutive
failed HARQ retransmissions
smaller than the upper limit?
Yes
No
Are there remaining downlink
resources?
Yes
The gNodeB allocates resources for the HARQ
End
retransmission.
Downlink Scheduling for Initial
Transmissions
MCS selection
UE and bearer RB allocation
UE priority and RB quantity
filtering and location
calculation
Weight DMRS port

TBS selection
selection selection
Note: When it comes to initial scheduling of downlink data on the

high-frequency band, the beam matching conditions for UEs
need to be supplemented.
UE and Bearer Filtering
 The scheduler filters the UEs for which
 Channel calibration is being performed over the slot.
 The scheduler filters bearers that meet either of the

following conditions:
 There are HARQ retransmission requests over the slot.
 There are DTX retransmission requests over the slot.
Priorities of UEs with Initial
Transmissions
 The priorities of UEs with initial transmissions correlate
strongly with the scheduling algorithm, which primarily
ensures short-term efficiency and also considers long-term
user fairness.
 Huawei gNodeB supports the proportion fairness (PF)
algorithm.
Basic Non-GBR services: UE channel quality and historical

priority
transmission bits are considered.
Special
priority Only RLC status counts.
MCS Selection and RB Quantity
Calculation
CQI validity Beamforming

Out-loop To-be-sent Remaining Remaining
and reliability gain
adjustment data amount RBs power
compensation
CQI and MCS
reported by filtering
the UE Original Adjusted Required Scheduled
CQI
MCS MCS RBs RBs
CSI Reporting Type
 From the physical channel aspect:
 Only aperiodic reporting is supported.
 From the reported bandwidth aspect:

 Only full-band CQI reporting is supported.
CQI Mapping
 CQI adjustment
 5-bit MCS is obtained based on UE-reported 4-bit CQI for
downlink transmission.
 MCS is adjusted based on UE-reported ACK/NACK (MCS

index is increased if an ACK is reported and decreased if an
NACK is reported).
 MCS adjustment helps ensure that the IBLER meets the

IBLERtarget requirements (10% generally) to ensure service
quality.
CQI Selection
64QAM
MCS Index Modulation CR SE CQI Index MCS Index Modulation CR SE CQI Index
0 2 0.11 0.22 1 0 2 0.11 0.22 1
1 2 0.18 0.36 2 1 2 0.15 0.3 2
2 2 0.3 0.6 - 2 2 0.18 0.36 3
3 2 0.45 0.9 3 3 2 0.25 0.5
4 2 0.58 1.16 - 4 2 0.3 0.6 4
5 4 0.36 1.44 4 5 2 0.38 0.76
6 4 0.42 1.68 - 6 2 0.45 0.9 5
7 4 0.47 1.88 5 7 2 0.5 1
8 4 0.54 2.16 - 8 2 0.58 1.16 6
9 4 0.6 2.4 6 9 2 0.63 1.26
10 4 0.64 2.56 -
10 4 0.36 1.44 7
11 4 0.42 1.68
11 6 0.45 2.7 7
12 4 0.47 1.88 8
12 6 0.5 3 -
13 4 0.54 2.16
13 6 0.55 3.3 8
14 4 0.6 2.4 9
14 6 0.6 3.6 -
15 4 0.64 2.56
15 6 0.65 3.9 9
16 4 0.68 2.72
16 6 0.7 4.2 -
17 6 0.45 2.7 10
17 6 0.75 4.5 10 18 6 0.5 3
18 6 0.8 4.8 19 6 0.55 3.3 11
19 6 0.85 5.1 11 20 6 0.6 3.6
20 8 0.66 5.28 21 6 0.65 3.9 12
21 8 0.69 5.52 12 22 6 0.7 4.2
22 8 0.73 5.84 23 6 0.75 4.5 13
23 8 0.77 6.16 13 24 6 0.8 4.8
24 8 0.82 6.56 25 6 0.85 5.1 14
25 8 0.85 6.8 14 26 6 0.87 5.22
26 8 0.88 7.04 27 6 0.89 5.34
27 8 0.92 7.36 15 28 6 0.92 5.52 15
256QAM
Downlink RB Calculation
 RB quantity calculation
 The number of RBs scheduled in the downlink is determined
by the to-be-sent data amount in the slot and parameters such
as MCS and rank. The TBS is calculated as follows:
TBS = 8 x floor (Nprb x Nre x v x Qm x R/8)
 The gNodeB determines the final figure based on the
estimated number of required RBs and downlink power usage.
 RB allocation: available only in frequency diversity

scheduling mode
PDSCH Resource Allocation Type0
 Several continuous RBs form an RB group (RBG), and RBs to
be used are indicated in the unit of RBG.
 The number of RBs that an RB group has is determined by the

downlink bandwidth.
Number of Downlink PRBs RBG Size

1 to 36 2
37 to 72 4
73 to 144 8
145 to 273 16
PDSCH Resource Allocation Type0
 Take 34 downlink RBs for example. The RBG size is 2 and the 34
RBs can be divided into 17 RBGs (34/2). If 18 RBs are scheduled
for a UE, which are mapped to RBGs 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 13, and
17. The bitmap of this example is as follows:
34 RBs
RBG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Bitmap
(0/1) 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Questions
 What is the basic process of downlink scheduling?
 What advantages and disadvantages does the PF scheduling

algorithm present?
 If RANK is 3, MCS index is 20, and the gNodeB schedules

50,000 bits of data to a UE, how many RBs are needed for
64QAM and 256QAM, respectively?
Downlink Scheduling-Related
Parameters
PDSCH The PDSCH IBLER target value can be
configured to ensure network performance for
IBLER target cell-center, near-of-center, and cell-edge UEs
value in different commercial network scenarios.
Parameters UL/DL Co-symbol The ratio of PDCCH CCEs used for downlink
Uplink Scheduling and uplink transmission can be configured to
Ratio adapt to different scenarios.
PDCCH The PDCCH IBLER target value can be configured to ensure

IBLER target network performance for cell-center, near-of-center, and cell-
value edge UEs in different commercial network scenarios.
AMC step The AMC adjustment step can be adjusted so that

adjustment fast IBLER convergence can be allowed to improve
switch throughput.
Downlink Adaptive Selection Between
PMI and SRS
 Downlink Adaptive Selection Between PMI and SRS allows downlink
beamforming weight selection based on SRS or PMI. The SRS-based selection
applies to UEs with a large SNR. The PMI-based selection applies to those with a
small SNR. The weight selected based on the PMI is more accurate at the cell
edge, which improves SNR to positively affect the data rate of CEUs.
 When the uplink SRS SNR of a UE is greater than ThSRS (configurable using a
reserved parameter), SRS-based selection is applicable.
 When the uplink SRS SNR of a UE is less than ThPMI (configurable using a
reserved parameter), PMI-based selection is applicable.
 When the SRS SNR of a UE is between ThSRS and ThPMI, its weight remains
unchanged.
Downlink Interference Randomization-
based Scheduling
 The resource allocation start location of each cell is determined by the cell's
physical cell identifier (PCI) modulo and then moves to a higher frequency as
required. If resource allocation location has reached the highest frequency but
the requirements still cannot be met, resource allocation continues from the
lowest frequency of a band. When Downlink Interference Randomization-based
Scheduling is enabled, the start locations for RB allocation of cells with the PCI
being 0, 1, and 2 following PCI modulo 3 are resource block groups 0, 3, and 6,
respectively.
2
0
1
Mod(PCI,3) 0 1 2
RBG 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
PCI = 0 Resource allocation start location

PDSCH Open-Loop/Semi-Open Loop
Transmission
When a UE moves at a high speed, the channel changes quickly and the PMI feedback is inaccurate, resulting in
performance loss. Codebook diversity gains can be obtained by using PMI codebook polling in the frequency
domain and time domain. That is, different PMI codebooks can be used by different physical resource block
groups (PRGs) to improve the perceived rate of mobile users.
The NR Type I PMI codebook is a two-segment codebook: 𝑾𝑷𝑴𝑰 = 𝑾𝟏 𝑾𝟐 . 𝑾𝟏 reflects the long-term wide-band
characteristics of UEs and changes slowly. 𝑾𝟐 reflects the short-term phase change characteristics and changes
quickly. The gNodeB adaptively selects and switches to a proper open-loop/semi-open loop transmission solution
based on the timeliness of the PMI reporting.
Closed-loop Semi-open loop Open-loop

PMI weight codebook polling codebook polling
High User PMI timeliness Low

Semi-open loop solution Open-loop solution
𝑾𝟏 in the PMI codebook provided by the UE The PMI codebook provided by the UE is completely
is still valid and retained. 𝑾𝟐 is used for invalid, and polling is performed by using a group of
polling. codebooks predefined on the base station side.
𝑾𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔 = 𝑾𝑫𝑭𝑻 𝑾𝟏 𝑾𝟐 𝑾𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔 = 𝑾𝑫𝑭𝑻 𝑾𝑷𝑴𝑰
PRG-level rolling
Optimal/suboptimal Provided Inter-polarization Optimal/suboptimal PMI1

static beam for a UE by the UE phase, PRG- static beam for a UE PMI2
level polling
Contents
Terms
 PHR
 A power headroom report (PHR) indicates the difference
between the maximum allowed TX power and the used TX
power in the uplink. UEs send PHRs to the gNodeB
periodically or in event-triggered mode.
 BSR
 The buffer status report (BSR) indicates the amount of to-be-
sent data in the uplink buffer of a UE.
 SR
 The scheduling request carries 1-bit information that a UE
sends to the gNodeB over the uplink channel to request
uplink resources for data transmission.
Uplink Scheduling Resource – PUSCH
Short PUCCH Front-loaded RS Additional RS
Long PUCCH
PUSCH
1 RB/12 subcarriers
273 RBs (30 kHz@100 MHz)
1 subframe/14 symbols
PRACH
Uplink subframe
Uplink Scheduling Process
UE gNodeB
Scheduling Request (PUCCH)
BSR & PHR (PUSCH)
Schedule based
on the logical
Uplink scheduling
channel group
command (PDCCH)
Schedule based on
each logical channel Uplink data (PUSCH)
Uplink Scheduler
Uplink Scheduling – Inputs
HARQ- • Whether retransmission or initial transmission is required
ACKs/NACKs
• Uplink channel conditions obtained from the sounding
SINR reference signal (SRS) and demodulation reference
signal (DMRS) measurement
PHR • Power status of a UE
BSR • Amount of to-be-sent data in the uplink buffer of a UE
• 1-bit information that a UE sends to the gNodeB over the

SR uplink channel to request uplink resources for data
transmission
Uplink Scheduling – Priority
Uplink HARQ Retransmission
Scheduling
 Uplink scheduling for retransmissions uses asynchronous adaptive
retransmission. In HARQ retransmissions, the MCS can be adaptively
selected and differ from the MCS for initial transmissions. A HARQ
retransmission and an initial transmission use the same TBS.
 If the gNodeB replies with an ACK to a packet sent by a UE on the PUSCH,
the UE does not transmit the packet again.
 If the reply is NACK, retransmission scheduling is triggered for this packet.
 In asynchronous adaptive retransmission, a DCI must be delivered to instruct

the UE to perform retransmissions.
 After the number of uplink HARQ transmissions reaches the maximum

number of 5, uplink HARQ retransmission stops.
Control-Plane Scheduling
 Control-plane data includes uplink SRBs and the DRBs
that carry IMS signaling.
 The gNodeB often uses a small MCS index and fixed RB

resources for control information to ensure correct
reception.
Uplink Scheduling for Initial
Transmissions
 Initial transmissions in uplink scheduling include to-be-scheduled
UE selection, scheduling resource acquisition, MCS selection,
and RB allocation (the number and positions of allocated RBs).
To-be-scheduled UE
selection
Scheduling resource
acquisition
RB selection
MCS selection
To-Be-Scheduled UE Selection
 The uplink scheduler selects the target UEs with initial
transmissions based on the scheduling priorities.
 EPF is supported in the uplink:

𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝐴𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎
𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑟
• eff: uplink channel quality obtained from the SINR of gNodeB-

measured SRS
• Alpha: uplink capacity factor that has the same function as the
downlink capacity factor
• r: historical rate of a UE
RB Allocation
 The uplink scheduler determines the RB resources
required by a UE in a TTI based on the buffer status
(BSR), power headroom status, and hardware limitations.
UE power
headroom
gNodeB
UE buffer
hardware
status
limitations
Number of
RBs
required
by the UE
PUSCH Waveforms
 5G PUSCHs support two waveforms: CP-OFDM and DFT-S-
OFDM.
 CP-OFDM is characterized by flexible resource allocation and high
frequency diversity gain thanks to the use of discontinuous
frequency-domain resources. However, it causes high peak-to-
average power ratio (PAPR).
 DFT-S-OFDM ensures low PAPR and high transmit power, with the
PAPR approximately close to that of a single carrier. However, it
requires continuous frequency-domain resources.
 Huawei products support adaptive switching between the two

waveforms.
PUSCH RB Allocation
 Uplink scheduling uses frequency selective scheduling or frequency diversity
scheduling to allocate uplink resources.
 Frequency selective scheduling: The uplink scheduler sets a sliding window for each UE
based on the number of RBs required by the UE. During frequency selective scheduling,
the uplink scheduler slides the window in sequence in the frequency domain and selects
the resource combination with the maximum expected gain in the window to allocate
resources to the UE. The SINR in the window is used to calculate the expected gain of
the sliding window during uplink frequency selective scheduling.
 Frequency diversity scheduling: The uplink scheduler allocates RBs to each UE in
sequence based on the number of RBs required by the UE in uplink frequency diversity
scheduling.
 Frequency selective scheduling yields gains by leveraging differences in channel quality
or interference. However, it may result in frequency band fragments and inefficient use of
RBs. In addition, frequency selective scheduling is complicated and results in high
processing overheads. The gNodeB in the NR system adaptively enables or disables
uplink frequency selective scheduling based on the number of synchronized UEs in a
cell. When uplink frequency selective scheduling is disabled, frequency diversity
scheduling is performed.
PUSCH Discontinuous RB Allocation
 If the allocated RB resources in an uplink slot cause frequency band fragments,
the gNodeB allocates inconsecutive RB resources for to-be-scheduled UEs.
 When selecting the uplink RB location of each UE, the gNodeB searches for the
RB segment that meets the requirements and can deliver the highest spectral
efficiency.
Frequency
band
... RBs required
Spatial UE 2 UE 4 UE 3 for UE 4
domain UE 1 ...
Consecutive resource allocation
Frequency
band
Spatial UE 2 UE 4 UE 3 ...
Inconsecutive resource allocation
domain UE 1 ...
UE 4
Inconsecutive resource allocation: Inconsecutive RB

segments are allocated to the to-be-scheduled UEs.
Gain: Increase the cell capacity by 5%.
Uplink Interference Randomization-
based Scheduling
 Baseline (without this function enabled)
RB resources are allocated for cells from the low frequency band, resulting in a high RB collision rate and strong co-channel interference.
 Interference Randomization-based Scheduling
The RB resources allocated to each cell are staggered, the RB collision rate is low, and the intra-frequency interference is small.
Resource Resource
search search
direction Scheduling RBs direction
Cell 1 Cell 1
Start Start
location Cell 0 Cell 2 location Cell 0 Cell 2
Mode 6: PCI%6= 0 1 2 3 4 5
Mode 3: PCI%3= 0 1 2
Mode 2: PCI%2= 0 1
Low frequency Resource search direction High frequency

RbUtil-based mode 6- RbUtil-based mode 3- RbUtil-based mode 2-
to-mode 3 switching to-mode 2 switching to-baseline switching
Mode 6 Mode 3 Mode 2 Baseline
RbUtil-based mode 3- RbUtil-based mode 2- RbUtil-based baseline-

to-mode 6 switching to-mode 3 switching to-mode 2 switching
MCS Selection for Uplink Scheduling
 Involve three steps: SINR adjustment, initial MCS selection, and
MCS adjustment, as illustrated in the following figure:
Uplink IBLER adaptation

During MCS selection, the uplink scheduler
can adaptively select the IBLER target based
on the average value and variance of SINRs.
This improves UE throughput.
Initial uplink SINR adjustment

The initial uplink SINR adjustment value can
be configured using a parameter. The default
value is -4 dB.
Uplink Scheduling Enhancement:
Preallocation
 After the gNodeB schedules resources for UEs with data
transmission, it initiates uplink scheduling for UEs if uplink
resources are sufficient. This is called preallocation.
 Benefits: Shorten the UE scheduling delay.
 A UE is in a preallocation queue when the following

conditions are met:
 The UE is not scheduled within the current TTI.
 The UE meets the minimum interval between preallocations.
 The UE has a preallocation weight greater than 0.
Uplink Scheduling-Related Parameters
If this switch is turned on, the gNodeB selects
Adaptive transmitting signal waveform for UEs and
instructs UEs to change waveforms according
Uplink to the radio environment.
Waveform If this switch is turned off, the gNodeB instructs
UEs to use the CP-OFDM waveform.
Parameters
If this switch is turned on, the IBLER target value is
Uplink IBLER adaptively selected based on UE's uplink SINR mean value
Adaptation and variance.
If this switch is turned off, the uplink IBLER target value is
Switch fixed at 10%.
Initial Uplink
This parameter specifies the initial value of uplink SINR
SINR adjustment. It is -4 dB by default.
Adjustment
Questions
 What is the basic process of uplink scheduling? What factors
can have an impact on uplink scheduling?
 How do we determine the number of RBs during uplink

scheduling?
Thank you
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5G RAN2.

Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Have a basic knowledge of the Scheduling feature.

 List the scheduling algorithms of Huawei gNodeB.

 Describe basic and enhanced uplink/downlink scheduling.

 Describe scheduling methods for typical services.

 Three slot formats: downlink-specific slot, uplink-specific

1 slot, 14 OFDM symbols

Logical channel priority (uplink)

HARQ Random access control

PCH BCH DL-SCH UL-SCH RACH

 The UE measures user-level CSI-RI SINR and reports channel quality

 The UE obtains the uplink/downlink resource allocation information from the

 Frequency selective scheduling

 Power control on physical channel transmission

PDCCH PDSCH PDCCH PDSCH GP SRS

UE1 UE2 UE3

 Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback

 Carrier bandwidth part (BWP)

gNodeB model and MCS selection Rank for

CSI • RI/PMI/CQI and beamforming gain

Downlink TX power • Power of all to-be-scheduled UEs in a cell

• Whether retransmission or initial

• Used for calculating the required

gNodeB model and • Used for selecting the scheduling algorithm

 The overall procedure is as follows:

Number of TRX and Determining

Dedicated control information

Initial transmissions with special

Initial transmissions with basic

 Dedicated control information: SRB0, SRB1, and SRB2

 Control-plane information adopts resource allocation type0 (RBG

 When it comes to user level control message scheduling on the

 The following figure shows downlink HARQ retransmission procedure in a TTI.

Schedule HARQ retransmissions based on

Allocate resources to HARQ UEs until all UEs

Note: When it comes to HARQ retransmission scheduling on the high-frequency

No Are there UEs qualified for

Weight DMRS port

Note: When it comes to initial scheduling of downlink data on the

 The scheduler filters bearers that meet either of the

 There are DTX retransmission requests over the slot.

Basic Non-GBR services: UE channel quality and historical

CQI validity Beamforming

 From the reported bandwidth aspect:

 MCS is adjusted based on UE-reported ACK/NACK (MCS

 MCS adjustment helps ensure that the IBLER meets the

 RB allocation: available only in frequency diversity

 The number of RBs that an RB group has is determined by the

Number of Downlink PRBs RBG Size

 What advantages and disadvantages does the PF scheduling

 If RANK is 3, MCS index is 20, and the gNodeB schedules

PDCCH The PDCCH IBLER target value can be configured to ensure

AMC step The AMC adjustment step can be adjusted so that

PCI = 0 Resource allocation start location

Closed-loop Semi-open loop Open-loop

High User PMI timeliness Low

Optimal/suboptimal Provided Inter-polarization Optimal/suboptimal PMI1

BSR & PHR (PUSCH)

PHR • Power status of a UE

BSR • Amount of to-be-sent data in the uplink buffer of a UE

• 1-bit information that a UE sends to the gNodeB over the

 If the reply is NACK, retransmission scheduling is triggered for this packet.

 In asynchronous adaptive retransmission, a DCI must be delivered to instruct