• The classification societies have requirements

for examination or survey of the ship at set

periods throughout its life.
• The nature and extent of the survey increases
as the ship becomes older.
• All ships must have an annual survey, which is
carried out by a surveyor employed by the
dassification society.
• This survey should preferably take place in a
drydock but the period between in-dock
surveys may be extended up to 2 and 1/2
years.
• Such an extension is permitted where the ship
is coated with a high resistance paint and an
approved automatlc impressed current
cathodic protection system is fitted.
• In-water surveys are permitted for ships which
are less than 10 years old and greater than 38
m in breadth and have the paint and cathodic
protection systems already referred to.
• Special surveys of a more rigorous nature are
required every 4 years.
• Continuous surveys are permitted where all the
various hull compartments are examined in
rotation over a period of 5 years between
consecutive examinations.
• Initial survey
• Renewal survey
• Periodical survey
• Intermediate survey
• Annual survey
• Inspection of the outside of the ships bottom
• Additional survey
On February 3, 2000, International Maritime
Organization (IMO) adopted a harmonised
survey system for ships, in order to alleviate the
problems caused by survey dates and intervals
between surveys which do not coincide, covering
international shipping regulations including the
codes and conventions of these following
institutions:
• International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
(SOLAS), 1974
• The International Convention on Load Lines (LL), 1966
• The International Convention for the Prevention of
Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol
of 1978 relating thereto –MARPOL 73/78
• The International Code for the Construction and
Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in
Bulk (IBC Code)
• Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships
Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (BCH Code)
• Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships
Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code).
Features:
1) A standard interval of one year between
harmonised surveys for ships which could be
based on any of the followings:
a) Initial survey – A complete inspection of all
the items concerning the particular certificate
before the ship is put into service to make sure
they possess satisfactory conditions and are
capable of carry out the service for which the
ship is intended
Features:
b) Periodical survey – An official examination of
the items relating to the particular certificate to
ensure that they are meeting the requirements
and are fit for the intended services
c) Renewal survey – As similar as the periodical
survey but consequently results in issuing a new
certificate
d) Intermediate survey – Inspection of specified
items
Features:
e) Annual survey – General reviewing of the
items concerned to the particular certificate to
ascertain the fact that they have been observed
maintained and remained fit for the service for
which the ship is designated.
f) Additional survey – General or partial
Inspection, according to the circumstances,
made after a repair resulting from casualty
probes or whenever there is an important repair
or renewal made.
Features:
2) A maximum period of validity of one year and five years for all
passenger ship certificates and cargo ship certificates respectively

3) Three months extension for cargo ship certificates on the

harmonised survey system for ships and one month for short voyages.
When the duration of a particular certificate is extended, the period of
validity of new certificate begins from the expiry date of last
certificate.

4) At least two inspections are required to be executed of the ship’s

bottom in a five year period; maximum interval between the
inspections has also been set at not more than thirty six months.
Features:
5) A substantive harmonised system for merchant
marine which credits a combined cargo ship safety
certificate to replace existing safety equipment,
safety construction and safety radio certificates

6) No more unscheduled inspections for harmonised

system of classification for ships, while annual
surveys have been made mandatory.
Purpose
Surveys, made in accordance with the harmonised
survey system for ships, are purported to harmonize
intervals between surveys of all legitimate
certificates issued to all marine vessels. The
harmonized system is presumed to facilitate all the
troubles of periods between surveys so that any
ship would not have to worry about going into the
process of a survey schedule required by one
convention right after having gone through the
same thing concerned in connection with another
instrument.
Certificates
The Harmonised system of classification for ships
is related to several certificates, depending upon
the type of ships, including:
• Passenger Ship Safety Certificate, including
Record of Equipment
• Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate
• Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate,
including Record of Equipment
Certificates
• Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate, including Record of Equipment
• Cargo Ship Safety Certificate, including Record of Equipment
• International Load Lines Certificate
• International Load Lines Exemption Certificate
• International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate
• International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of
Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk
• International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous
Chemicals in Bulk
• International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied Gases
in Bulk
• Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
Certificates
• Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate, including Record of Equipment
• Cargo Ship Safety Certificate, including Record of Equipment
• International Load Lines Certificate
• International Load Lines Exemption Certificate
• International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate
• International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of
Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk
• International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous
Chemicals in Bulk
• International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied Gases
in Bulk
• Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
• CAS(Condition Assessment Scheme) is a mandatory
statutory survey scheme that Category 2 and Category 3
(Non-double hull) oil tankers must satisfactorily
complete (with no outstanding recommendations) by 15
years of age or by the first intermediate or renewal
survey due after 5 April 2005, whichever occurs later, in
order to trade to their respective phase out date as per
MARPOL 13G, which was accelerated by resolution
MEPC.111(50) which enters into force on 5 April 2005.
• CAS is required to be conducted in conjunction with, the
mandatory Enhanced Survey Program (ESP) and builds
upon ESP by requiring additional thickness
measurements and close-up surveys. Relative to ESP,
CAS is unique in two respects:
• CAS contains very specific responsibilities and
deadlines for planning the survey, which must
begin 8 months in advance of the survey’s
commencement; and
• The flag Administration must review/monitor
the survey and reporting process and issue the
five-year full term CAS Statement of
Compliance).
CAS contains very specific responsibilities and
deadlines for planning the survey, which must
begin 8 months in advance of the survey’s
commencement; and
The flag Administration must review/monitor
the survey and reporting process and issue the
five-year full term CAS Statement of
Compliance).
The requirements of the CAS include enhanced
and transparent verification of the reported
structural condition and of the ship and
verification that the documentary and survey
procedures have been properly carried out and
completed. The Scheme requires that
compliance with the CAS is assessed during the
Enhanced Survey Programme of Inspections
concurrent with intermediate or renewal surveys
currently required by resolution A.744(18), as
amended.
PURPOSE OF CAS
The purpose of the Condition Assessment
Scheme (CAS) is to provide an international
standard to meet the requirements of MARPOL
73/78 Annex I regulations 20.6, 20.7 and 21.6.1.
CAS is applicable to :
1. oil tankers of 5,000 tons deadweight and above and
of 15 years and over after date of delivery of the ship,
in accordance with regulation 20.6,
2. oil tankers subject to the provisions of regulation 20.7,
where authorization is requested for continued service
beyond the anniversary of the date of delivery of the
ship in 2010, and
3. oil tankers of 5,000 tons deadweight and above and
of 15 years and over after date of delivery of the ship,
carrying crude oil as cargo having at 15°C a density at
15°C higher than 900 kg/m3 but lower than 945
kg/m3 , in accordance with regulation 21.6.1.
 At the survey the surveyor is to examine
• The condition of all closing appliances covered by the
conditions of assignment of minimum freeboard, the
freeboard marks, and auxiliary steering gear.
• Watertight doors and other penetrations of watertight
bulkheads are also examined and the structural fire
• protection verified.
• The general condition of the vessel is assessed, and
anchors and cables are inspected where possible at
these annual surveys.
• Dry bulk cargo ships are subject to an inspection of a
forward and after cargo hold.
 The drydocking of a ship provides a rare
opportunity for examination of the underwater
areas of a ship. Every opportunity should therefore
be taken by the ship's staff, the shipowner and the
classification society to examine the ship
thoroughly.
 Some of the more important areas are now listed
1) Shell plating:
• The Shell plating must be-thoroughly examined
for any corrosion of welds, damage, distortion
and cracks at openings or discontinuities.
• Any hull attachlents such as lugs, bilge keels, etc.,
must be checked for corrosion, security of
attachment and any damage.
• All openings for grids and sea boxes must also be
examined.
 2) Cathodic protection equipment
• Sacrificial anodes should be checked for security
of attachment to the hull and the degree of
wastage that has taken place.
• With impressed current systems the modes and
reference anodes must be checked, again for
security of attachment.
• The inert shields and paintwork near the anodes
should be examined for any damage or
deterioration.
 3) Rudder
• The plating and visible structure of the rudder
should be examined for cracks and any distortion.
• The drain plugs should be removed to check for
the entry of any water.
• Pintle or bearing weardown and clearances
should be measured and the security of the
rudder stock coupling bolts and any pintle nuts
should be ensured.
4) Sternframe
The surface should be carefully checked for cracks,
particularly in the areas where a change of section
occurs or large bending moments are experienced.
5) Propeller
• The cone should be checked for security of
attachment and also the rope guard.
• The blades should be examined for corrosion and
cavitation damage, and any cracks or damage to
the blade tips.
• It is usual to examine any tailshaft seals and also
measure the tailshaft weardown.
6) Paintwork
The shell plating should be examined for areas of
paintwork which must be repaired. The whole
surface of the shell will then be cleaned and
prepared for recoating with paint.
In some instances the hull may be cleaned down to
the bare metal and completely recoated; most
situations, however, will only require preparation
of the surface for recoating.