FINALS

Symptoms of Environmental
Schizophrenia 1 12 factors
Thought
Disorder 2 11 Biological
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorders 3 10 Schizophrenia
Disorder of
Affect 4 9 Undifferentiated
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia 5 8 Catatonic
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia 6 7 Paranoid
Schizophrenia
POLICE ORGANIZATION AND
ADMINISTRATION
Course Outcomes. At the end of this unit, the students will be able to
1. Discuss the relevance of the PNP organizational structure in the management of its
police personnel.
2. Explain the mission of and functions of the Directorate for Police Personnel and Records
Management.
3. Relate the importance of the PNP Program Management Office.
4. Explain the Mission and functions of the Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine
Development.
5. To rationalized the concept and elements of an organization.

Topics:
a. The Philippine National Police
b. PNP Organizational Structure
c. Functions and Organic Units in Police Organization
d. Kinds of Organizational Structure
e. Four Primal Conditions of an Organization
f. The Directorate for Police Personnel and Records
Management
g. PNP Program Management Office
h. The Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine
Development
i. Organization: Its Concept and Elements
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
• The Philippine National Police (PNP)(Filipino:

Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas) is the
national police force of the Republic of the
Philippines.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Thought disorder
•One of the first signs that a person may be suffering from schizophrenia is
difficulty in maintaining logical thought and coherent conversation.
•People with schizophrenia show disordered thinking, and their memory is

often impaired.
•The thought and conversation of people with schizophrenia are characterize by

random changes in topic and lack both meaning and order.
•Often suffer from delusions, concepts, ideas, and symbols to schizophrenics

are sometimes thrown together merely because of rhyme.
•Such a series of rhyming or similar-sounding words is called a clang

association.
•For example, a schizophrenic patient says: “Well, when you go to the next
planet from the planet beyond the planet that landed on the danded and
planded on the slanded.”
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Perceptual Disorders
•In addition to experiencing delusions, schizophrenics perceive the external
world abnormally. They consistently report hallucinations, or distortions of
sensory perceptions– most commonly, auditory, somatic, and tactile
hallucinations.
•On auditory hallucinations, the patient imagines hearing voices originating

outside his or head. The voice may comment in the patient’s behavior. They may
direct the patient to behave in certain ways.
•Tactile hallucinations may be felt as tingling or burning sensations
•Somatic hallucinations may be reported as the sensation of snakes crawling

under the abdomen.
•Hallucinations, probably have a biological basis and are caused by abnormal

brain responses.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Disorder of affect
(Emotional disorders))
•One of the most striking characteristics of schizophrenia is the display of
inappropriate emotional responses, or affect.
•For example, a patient with schizophrenia may become depressed and cry
when her favorite food falls on the floor, yet the death of a close friend or
relative may appear as hysterically funny.
•Some patients with schizophrenia show no emotion(either appropriate or

inappropriate) and seem incapable of experiencing a normal range of feeling.
•They show blank, expressionless faces even when presented with a

deliberately provocative remark or situation.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Types of Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is divided into four distinct types:

Disorganized, Paranoid, Catatonic and Undifferentiated.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Disorganized Schizophrenia
•The Disorganized Type of Schizophrenia is characterized by severely
disturbed thought processes.
•Patients have hallucinations and delusions and are frequently incoherent.
•They may exhibit bizzare affect and experience periods of giggling, crying, and/or
irritably for no apparent reason.
•Their behavior can be silly, inappropriate or even obscene.
•Such patients often lack good personal hygiene.
•They exhibit disintegration of normal personality, a loss of reality testing, and have
a poor prognosis.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Paranoid Schizophrenia
•Paranoid schizophrenic holds false beliefs, or delusions, that seriously distort
reality.
•Most often, these are beliefs in the exceptional importance of oneself, so-called
delusions of grandeur .
•These are often accompanied by delusions that, because one is so important,

others are “out to get me” in attempts to thwart the individual’s important missions,
known as delusions of persecution.
•The paranoid schizophrenics trust no one and are constantly watchful, convinced
that others are plotting against them. They may seek to retaliate against supposed
tormentors.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Catatonic Schizophrenia
•Catatonic schizophrenia is quite different in appearance from other forms of
schizophrenia.
•While catatonics sometimes experience delusions and hallucinations, their most

obvious abnormalities are in social interaction and posture and body movement.
•Catatonic schizophrenics spend long period in an inactive, statue like state in which
they seem locked into a posture.
•They are often said to exhibit “waxy flexibility” during these stupors.
•Often they cease to talk, appear not to hear what is spoken to them, and may no
longer eat without being fed.
•Frequently, however, the stupor is abruptly broken by periods of agitation. They

may talk and shout continuously, may engage in seemingly uninhibited, agitated
and aggressive motor activity or may attack others.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
•This is the catchall category, to which all persons who do not fit neatly under
the other headings are assigned.
•It includes schizophrenics who demonstrate disturbances of thought, perception,

and emotion, but not the features peculiar to the other types.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Causes of Schizophrenia
There is probably more research on the causes of schizophrenia than on any
other form of behavior disorder. Though scientists are still far from their goal,
one thing is certain, no single theory can be adequately account for all forms
of schizophrenia.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Biological factors
•Studies of schizophrenics have consistently shown that this disorder runs in

families; that is, blood relatives of schizophrenics are more likely to develop
the condition than are people from families free of schizophrenia.
•Researches have discovered that chemicals in the bloodstream may contribute to

the development of schizophrenia. Too much or too little of some type of brain
substance, or the presence or absence of a particular type of chemical in the brain,
occurs in cases of schizophrenia.
•One relatively new hypothesis, called the viral hypothesis, states that
schizophrenic symptoms maybe produced by a unique virus acting on a genetic
predisposition to schizophrenia. According to this theory, people diagnosed as
having schizophrenia have contracted a virus, either before birth or at some time
during their life.
•Another cause of schizophrenia is biological predisposition in the individual,
aggravated by a climate of emotional immaturity, lack of communication, and
emotional instability.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia
Environmental Factors
•Some psychologists believe that a person’s interactions with the
environment determine whether schizophrenia will develop.
•It is also possible that children and adults develop schizophrenia because their
home environment are not conducive to normal emotional growth.
•Studies have shown that people who develop schizophrenia tend to come from
families in which there is considerable conflict.
•The parents of such patients are generally contentious, often alcoholics, and
themselves have insecure emotional relationships.
Thought
Factors
Causes of
Perceptual
Disorder of
Schizophrenia
Types of
Schizophrenia
Disorganized
Schizophrenia

FINALS

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Symptoms of Environmental

3. Relate the importance of the PNP Program Management Office.

5. To rationalized the concept and elements of an organization.

• The Philippine National Police (PNP)(Filipino:

•People with schizophrenia show disordered thinking, and their memory is

•The thought and conversation of people with schizophrenia are characterize by

•Often suffer from delusions, concepts, ideas, and symbols to schizophrenics

•Such a series of rhyming or similar-sounding words is called a clang

•On auditory hallucinations, the patient imagines hearing voices originating

•Tactile hallucinations may be felt as tingling or burning sensations

•Somatic hallucinations may be reported as the sensation of snakes crawling

•Hallucinations, probably have a biological basis and are caused by abnormal

•Some patients with schizophrenia show no emotion(either appropriate or

•They show blank, expressionless faces even when presented with a

Schizophrenia is divided into four distinct types:

•Patients have hallucinations and delusions and are frequently incoherent.

•Their behavior can be silly, inappropriate or even obscene.

•Such patients often lack good personal hygiene.

•These are often accompanied by delusions that, because one is so important,

•While catatonics sometimes experience delusions and hallucinations, their most

•Frequently, however, the stupor is abruptly broken by periods of agitation. They

•It includes schizophrenics who demonstrate disturbances of thought, perception,

•Studies of schizophrenics have consistently shown that this disorder runs in

•Researches have discovered that chemicals in the bloodstream may contribute to

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