GOOD

MORNING 
Public Address System
SCOPE/OUTLINES OF SESSION
BASICS
BLOCK DIAGRAM
MIXER
COMPONENTS
REQUIREMENT
IMPORTANCE
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
SOME INSTALLATION OF PA SYSTEM
BASICS OF PA SYSTEM
What is a Public Address System?

Public Address System (PA System)

is an electronic sound amplification and
distribution system with microphone, amplifier,
and loudspeakers, used to allowed a person to
address a large public.
Basics of PA System
Intensity of sound decreases with distance.
In large gathering, Amplification is required
for comfortable listening.
For Better understanding, sound quality is
very important.
PA system is used to improve sound quality
in big structures.
It is used in sports meet, public meetings,
Auditoriums, concerts, functions etc.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A PA
SYSTEM
MIXER OF A PA SYSTEM
 Output of Microphone is
fed to a Mixer.
 It is used to isolate
different channels from
each other before
feeding to the main
amplifier.
 It can be built in unit or a
separate pluggable unit.
Types of Mixer
Three Types of Mixer is used in PA system:

Simplest: Does not use pre amplifiers and amplifiers, it

has only gain controls and isolating series resistors.
Little sophisticated: Uses common pre amplifier after
isolating resistors.
Most sophisticated: Separate pre amplifiers for
separate channels.
COMPONENTS OF A PA SYSTEM:
Microphone, Mixers, Amplifiers and
Loudspeakers
MICROPHONE
Is an acoustic-to-electric
transducer or sensor that
converts sound into an electrical
signal.
Microphones are used in many
applications such as telephones,
tape recorders, hearing aids,
motion picture production,
megaphones etc.
HOW DO MICROPHONE WORKS?
MIXERS
There have been two
conventional categories of live
sound mixers for quite awhile:
powered and unpowered analog
mixers. Now there is also a new
generation of digital consoles
designed for studio and live
sound applications that bring the
added benefits of total recall
mixing and onboard effects.
HOW DO MIXER WORKS?
AMPLIFIER
is a device for increasing
the power of a signal by use
of an external energy
source.
In an electronic amplifier,
the input “signal” is usually
a voltage or a current
Other types exist; a fluidic amplifier increases the
power of signals represented as flow of gas or liquid.
Amplifiers may be classified in a variety of ways
depending on their application, the frequency range
they cover, or the active devices used. Ideally an
amplifier increases the power of a signal without
otherwise altering; practical amplifiers have finite
distortion and noise which they invariably add to the
signal.
LOUDSPEAKER
Is an Electroacoustic transducer that
produces sound in response to an
electrical audio signal input.
Non – electrical loudspeakers were
developed as accessories to telephone
systems, but electronic amplification by
vacuum tube made loudspeakers more
generally useful. The most common form
of loudspeaker uses a paper cone
supporting a voice coil electromagnet
acting on a permanent magnet, but many
other types exist.
HOW DO SPEAKERS WORK?
Where accurate reproduction of sound is
required, multiple loudspeakers may be used,
each reproducing a part of the audible frequency
range. Miniature loudspeakers are found in
devices such as radio and TV receivers, and many
forms of music players. Larger loudspeaker
systems are used for music, sound reinforcement
in theaters and concerts, and in public address
systems.
REQUIREMENT OF A PA SYSTEM
 Acoustic feedback  Choice of Loudspeaker
 Distribution of sound intensity  Closed ring connection of
 Reverberation loudspeaker
 Orientation of Loudspeaker  AC hum
 Ambient Noise  Placement of microphones
 Selection of Microphone  RF Pickup
 Sense of direction of the  Presence not to be felt
source of sound
 Phase delay
 Matching
 SOME ITEMS NEED TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN
IMPLEMENTING A PA SYSTEM
Placement of equipment (Loudspeakers and amplifier)
Messages sent through the system must be intelligible and loud enough to
be heard well in all areas of a facility by all employees or inhabitants of the
building. Standards set forth for intelligibility must be well adhered to during
installation, and maintenance testing should be performed to ensure
standards are continually met. Loudspeakers must be positioned properly to
ensure all standards are met.
Selection for equipment (Which system elements will be needed for the
system)
The needs of the facility should be considered when choosing a system.
The size of the facility determines the number of speakers and amplifiers
needed.
Safety features
Some facilities may contain thermal or chemical
elements, and the equipment should be properly protected
from them when installed.
Number of Inputs and outputs
Your facility should include the recommended number
of inputs and outputs according to standards. Input
sources include microphones, recorded, messages, or
music, for example. These sources send audio to output
sources, such as speakers.
IMPORTANCE OF A PA SYSTEM
Importance of Public Address System
to deliver important message
To make an announcement in school
To make a performance
Broadcast an emergency to alert the
people
ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES OF PA SYSTEM
• The loudness of the sound
• Attract the people attentions
• Very light equipment and portable
• Reduce maintenance,
• Economical cabling
• Flexibility for longer distance connectivity
• Ability for expansion,
• Monitoring the system and,
• No AC power source
 DISADVANTAGES OF PA
SYSTEM

 Poor Sound Quality

 Easily destroyed if overpowered
SOME INSTALLATION
THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS!!!