EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLINGS:

GLOBAL SETTING
“DIRTY WAR”
ARGENTINA
• Argentina's dictatorial government during the 1976–1983 period used extrajudicial
killings systematically as way of crushing the opposition in the so-called "Dirty
war" or what is known in Spanish as La Guerra Sucia.

• The ACL Human Rights Program highlighted that just in 2017 alone, at least 903
people have been shot and killed by law enforcement officers, including more than
300 who were fleeing from officers when they were shot.

• Recently, In a report published by teleSUR on August 2018, it was revealed that in

every 23 hours, 1 person is killed by the police. Hence, they called this as a “trigger
happy” approach to crime fighting.
Condition in Afghanistan…
AFGHANISTAN

• In a report, it was said that the Afghan forces committed “summary

executions and other abuses without accountability” during 14 night
raids conducted from late 2017 to mid 2019.

• The abuses included extrajudicial killings of civilians, forced

disappearances of detainees, and attacks on healthcare facilities that
treat insurgents.

• The report said that in many of the raids it investigated, Afghan forces
had “attacked civilians because of mistaken identity, poor intelligence or
political rivalries in the locality.”
“OPERATION CONDOR”…
SOUTH AMERICA

• Operation condor was a secret intelligence and operations system

created in the 1970’s through which the South American military
regimes coordinated intelligence information and seized, tortured and
executed political opponents in combined operations.

• Condor’s key members were the governments in Argentina, Chile,

Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and Brazil. Ecuador and Peru later joined
the operation.
“Fake Encounters in India”
INDIA
• "Encounter killing" is a term used in South Asia,
especially India and Pakistan since the late 20th century to describe
extrajudicial killings by the police or the armed forces, allegedly in
self-defense, when they encounter suspected gangsters or terrorists.

• Recently, police in the Indian state Uttar Pradesh are alleged to have
carried out 59 extrajudicial killings. The events have sparked an
inquiry by a panel of four United Nations independent experts on
human rights, which in a statement this month “expressed alarm”
about the killings that seemed to have taken place in police custody.
Condition in Sri Lanka…
SRI LANKA

• In the late 1980’s, Sri Lanka was wracked by a civil war between the military force and
the opposition groups. The war ended with a government military victory. However
from 2009 up to present, cases of extrajudicial killing by the military were reported. It
was alleged that Journalists, activist and human right defenders have been attacked by
the military.
“Marcos Dictatorship & War on Drugs”…

Philippines

• Pres. Marcos is historically remembered for its record of

human rights abuses. Historians believe that the Marcos
dictatorship was marked by 3,257 known extrajudicial
killings.
• According to a report, Pres. Rodrigo Duterte’s declaration of a “war on drugs”
has made the Philippines the fourth most dangerous place in the world for
civilian-targeted violence.

• The human rights crisis in the Philippines unleashed since President Rodrigo
Duterte took office in June 2016 deepened in 2018 as Duterte continued his
murderous “war on drugs” in the face of mounting international criticism.

• According to the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA), 4,948

suspected drug users and dealers died during police operations from July 1,
2016 to September 30, 2018. But this does not include the thousands of
others killed by unidentified gunmen. According to the Philippine National
Police (PNP), 22,983 such deaths since the “war on drugs” began are
classified as “homicides under investigation.”