Presented By

Sonu Verma
B. Tech 7th Sem
In G uidance of Pushkar Dwivedi Sir
School of Research And Technology
 When object move through air, force are generated by
the relative motion between air and surface of body ,
study of these of forces generated by the motion of
air is called aerodynamic .
 1. On the basis of flow environment
a. External aerodynamic
b. Internal aerodynamic

2. On the basis of flow behaviour

a. Subsonic

b. Sonic

c. Supersonic
1. Aerospace engineering
2. Design of automobile
3. Prediction of force and moments in slips and
sails
4. In design of bridge and building for
calculating with loads
 Consider a aerofoil move through air ,force
which are consider for aerodynamics analysis
over aerofoil are-
1. Lift ( cause body to rise)
2. Drag ( fluid resistance)
3. Weight
4. Trust
It is the sum of all fluid dynamics forces on a body
normal to the direction of external flow around the
body. It is caused by Bernoulli’s effect. It result body
to rise by creating pressure difference.

Drag

It is sum of all external forces in the direction of fluid

flow, so it acts opposite to the direction of the object .
It is the force which opposes forward motion of the
body through fluid.
 It is actually just the weight of the object that is in
motion i.e. The mass of object multiplied by the
magnitude of gravitaional field.

Trust

When a body is in motion a drag forse is created

which opposes the forward motion of the object so
trust can be the forse produce in opposite direction to
drag. It must be higher than that of drag so that the
body can move through the fluid.
It is essential that aerodynamics be taken into
account during the design of cars as an improved
aerodynamics in car would attain .

1. More fuel efficiency

2. Higher speeds
3. Good aesthetic and stylish appearance of the cars
4. More stability of the car at higher speed
5. Reduce noise level
 In order to improve the aerodynamics of the cars , we must know
how the flow of air past a car . The major forces which affecting
the motion of the care in fluid flown are ,

1. Drag force :-
some energy are lost to move the car through the air and this energy
is used to overcome a drag force .
In vehicles aerodynamics drag is due to frontal pressure and rear
vacuum .
For calculating drag force follwing formula is use .
F = ½ CDAV2
Where
F= aerodynamic drag force A= Frontal area
C= coefficient of drag V= velocity of object
D= dencity of air
 The drag coefficient is a common measure of
aerodynamic efficiency in a automotive design
.the drag cofficient is a unit less value that
denote how much an object resist movement
through a fluid such as water or air .
Drag force due to frontal pressure :-
This drag force is caused by the air attempting
to flow around the front of the car . When air
molecules approaches the front of the car they
begin to compress and raise the air pressure in
front of car.
 Drag forc e due to rear vacuum;-

Rear vacuum is caused by the flow detachment in

the airb flow as the car passes throgh it. Flow
detachment is inability of air molecules to fill the
empty zone which are created at the rear end of
vehicle.
 Decrease drag force , it is necessary to decrease
flow detachment.
 Every object traveling through air creates either
a lifting down force situation . Down force is
same as the lift experienced by airplane wings
, only the difference is , it acts to press down ,
instead of lifting up .
F = ( ½) CL dv2A
1 . WINGS

2. POILERS

3. SCOOPS
 Probably the most popular form of
aerodynamic device is the wing . Wing
perform very efficiently and generating lost of
down force in car .
the wings work by differentiating pressure on
the top and bottom surface.
 They act like barrier to air flow , in order to
build up higher air pressure in front of the
truck of the car .
 Hence spoilers are use to creat high pressure
that pushes down the car and also it gives
stability at corners.
 Scoops , or positive pressure intake consist of
the box which has an opening that permits an
adequate volume of air to directly enter .

Its main fuction is to provide high pressure ,

denser and adequate volume of outside air
directly into the engine copartment.