Applications of vectors

GROUP MEMBERS

Akbar Niazi (UW-18-MTS-Bsc-002)

Shazil Siddiqui (UW-18-MTS-Bsc-003)
Zar Khan (UW-18-MTS-Bsc-004)
CONTENTS

History
Definition
Applications of vector
Classification of vector
Example
References
History
Vector calculus was developed from quaternion analysis
by J. Willard Gibbs and Oliver Heaviside near the end of
the 19th century, and most of the notation and
terminology was established by Gibbs and Edwin Bidwell
Wilson in their 1901 book, Vector Analysis. In the
conventional form using cross products, vector calculus
does not generalize to higher dimensions, while the
alternative approach of geometric algebra, which uses
exterior products does generalize.
Definition

 A vector is an object that has both a magnitude and a

direction. Geometrically, we can picture a vector as a directed
line segment, whose length is the magnitude of the vector
and with an arrow indicating the direction. The direction of
the vector is from its tail to its head.
Applications of vectors
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1. Force, Torque, Acceleration, Velocity
For calculating every vectorial unit, you need vector. For example,
there is a tire with mass m, and it has initial and final velocity,
acceleration, gravitational, reaction, friction forces, and due to
rotation it has torque. For getting the result, you need vectors. Maybe
it seems like boring problem, but we need it in daily life, for instance
finding velocity or acceleration of cars. In construction, every architect
have to know their buildings of durability, for this they need forces that
max how many force will apply to their building, and of course they
need again vectors. So you can see how the vectors are important
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2. Sports ( Football & Basketball )

 In football match, player who want to score a goal, he cant shoot ball
10metres left, and after that 9metres right, it is impossible, so here we
need vectors to determine the direction or trajectory of ball.
 Also in basketball match, this is the same. For throwing a ball through a
netted hoop, again you have to know the direction or trajectory of
ball.
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 A roller coaster is an amusement ride developed for amusement
parks and modern theme parks. Most of the motion in a roller-coaster
ride is a response to the Earth's gravitational pull. No engines are
mounted on the cars. After the train reaches the top of the first slope
the highest point on the ride the train rolls downhill and gains speed
under the Earth's gravitational pull. The speed is sufficient for it to climb
over the next hill. This process occurs over and over again until all the
train's energy has been lost to friction and the train of cars slows to a
stop. If no energy were lost to friction, the train would be able to keep
running as long as no point on the track was higher than the first peak.
Here vectors of forces, acceleration, and velocity are important to
make a safety system, if designer consider them accurately then
system will be safety.
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4. Games
 In games vectors are used to store positions directions and velocities. The position
vector indicates how far the object is the velocity vector indicates how much time
it will take or how much force we should give and the direction indicates in
which way we should apply the force.
Classification of vectors
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 Force vector:
A vector which is drawn parallel to a given vector through a specified point unlike
free vector in space is called a localized vector. The effect of a force acting on a body
depends not only on the magnitude & direction but also on its point of application &
line of action.
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 Sliding vector:
A vector that can be applied at any point on a body so long as it is along its
original line of action and doesn't change its affect on the body as a whole.
Maintains direction & magnitude.
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 Fixed Vector:
A vector that has a unique point of application and can be treated as a
sliding vector by being slid along its line of action in order to examine the
external effects it has on a body (How it affects the body as a whole).
Example:
.Two forces F1 and F2 with
magnitudes 20 and 30 lb ,
respectively, act on an object at a
point P as shown. Find the
resultant forces acting at P .
First we write F1 and F2 in
component form:

v≈57.34i+40.15jv

Simplify the scalars, we get:

F1=(20cos(45°))i+(20sin(45°))j
=20(2√2)i+20(2√2)j

 =102√i+102√jF2

=(30cos(150°))i+(30sin(150°))j

=30(−3√2)i+30(12)j

=−153√i+15j
So, the resultant force F is

F=F1+F2

=(102√ i+102√j)+(−153√ i+15j)

=(102√−153√)i+(102√+15)j

≈−12i+29j
References

 https://mathinsight.org/vector_introduction
 https:// misterwootube?lang=gl
 https://www.slideshare.net
 https://www.koofers.com/flashcards/esm-
free-vector/review