Engineering Case Studies

4th June, 2019

Anglo-Eastern
 Belgian Branch- Anglo Eastern
Antwerp NV
Ships under management

32 Bulkers + 4 Ro Ros + 1 Passenger

Bocimar Ships:

21 Gearless Bulkers & 2 New buildings under construction

Ebe Ships:

2 Geared Ultramax Vessels & 2 New buildings under

construction

14 Ships- Full Ukrainian Crew

9 Ships- Ukrainian officers & Filipino Ratings

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 Main Engine Breakdowns

Most problems faced were due to Fuel quality issues.

Electronics malfunctions

Pneumatic Controls malfunction

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 Fuel pump failures

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 Excessuve sludge in purifiers

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 Incidents Fuel Quality

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1. M.V.…………
Machinery Trouble Summary (due to suspected bad bunker)

Suspected Bunker info

Any
Vessel abnormaliti
Name es reported Abnormalities
on primary reported from Chemical
S. lab extended Lab Dosed
No Bunker Commence analysis Analysis (after the Trouble Prior/After
. Rcvd Date Port d using report problem) date Trouble trouble

CCAI - high (852);

Asphaltenes - high ME HP Fuel Aderco
M.V… (9.95%); Xylene - pumps unit 2055G(Afte
1 …… 12.11.2015 Singapore 25.11.2015 No high (38%) 18.12.2015 1,4,5,6 stuck r)

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 2.M.V……..

Suspected Bunker info

Vessel
Name Any
abnormalitie Abnormalities
s reported reported from Chemical
on primary extended Lab Dosed
S.No Bunker Commenced lab analysis Analysis (after the Trouble Prior/After
. Rcvd Date Port using report problem) date Trouble trouble
ME HP
Fuel
pump
Asphaltenes - high unit
M.V… (8.2%); Xylene - 1,2,3,4,5 ADERCO
2 ……. 13.02.2016 Singapore01.03.2016 No high (33) 12.03.2016 ,6 stuck 2055G(after)

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 3.M.V………..

Suspected Bunker info

Abnormaliti
Vesse es reported
l Any from
Name abnormalitie extended
s reported Lab Chemical
on primary Analysis Dosed
Bunker Commenced lab analysis (after the Trouble Prior/After
S.No. Rcvd Date Port using report problem) date Trouble trouble

Excessive
Sludge HFO
purifier
M.V… clogged. FO Aderco
3 …… 21.12.2016 Nakhodka 25.12.2016 No No 25.12.2016 filters clogged 2055G(Prior)

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 4.M.V.……

Suspected Bunker info

Vessel
Name Any
abnormaliti Abnormalities
es reported reported from Chemical
on primary extended Lab Dosed
S.No Bunker Commenc lab analysis Analysis (after the Trouble Prior/After
. Rcvd Date Port ed using rpeory problem) date Trouble trouble

Excessive
Accelerated Total Sludge in
Sediment -0.17 HFO Aderco
4M.V…. 15.02.2017Vostochny 25.02.2017No (MAX-0.10) 23.03.2017 Purifier 1 2055G (Prior)

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 5.M.V……….

Suspected Bunker info

Vessel Any Abnormalities
Name abnormalities reported from Chemical
reported on extended Lab Dosed
S.No Bunker Commence primary lab Analysis (after Trouble Prior/After
. Rcvd Date Port d using analysis rpeory the problem) date Trouble trouble

CCAI - high
(850);
Asphaltenes -
high (8.8%);
Xylene - high
(38%);
Reserve
stability - ME #3,5,6
medium(8.4); barrel OCTAMA
M.V…… High CCAI & PFIN - high plunger R BT
5 .. 05.05.2017 JINGTANG 15.05.2017 Ashphaltine (152) 01.06.2017 stuck 25(Prior)

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 6.M.V……….

Suspected Bunker info

Any
Vessel abnormalities
Name reported on Abnormalities reported Chemical
primary lab from extended Lab Dosed
Bunker Commenced analysis Analysis (after the Trouble Prior/After
S.No. Rcvd Date Port using rpeory problem) date Trouble trouble

CCAI - high (850);

Asphaltenes - high
(8.8%); Xylene - high ME HP Fuel
(38%); Reserve pump unit Octamar ™
M.V…… High CCAI & stability - medium(8.4); 1,2,3,4,5,6 BT
6 ….. 22.05.2017 Singapore 25.05.2017 Ashphaltine PFIN - high (152) 03.06.2017 stuck 25(after)

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 7.M.V………….

Suspected Bunker info

Vessel Any
Name abnormalities Abnormalities
reported on reported from Chemical
primary lab extended Lab Dosed
Bunker Commence analysis Analysis (after the Trouble Prior/After
S.No. Rcvd Date Port d using rpeory problem) date Trouble trouble

High CCAI(853),
Ashphaltines(8.9%),
High Xylene ME Unit 3 Fuel
Equivalence(38), pump Plunger
reserve Stability low barrel siezed
M.V………. Zhan jia High CCAI & and High PFIN during Aderco
7. 23.08.2018 Gang 01.09.2018 Ashphaltine (208) 09.09.2018 maneuvering 2055G(After)

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 8.M.V………….

Machinery Trouble Summary (due to suspected bad bunker)

Suspected Bunker info

Any
Vessel abnormalities
Name reported on Abnormalities Chemical
primary lab reported from Dosed
S.No Bunker Commence analysis extended Lab Trouble Prior/After
. Rcvd Date Port d using rpeory Analysis date Trouble trouble

CCAI - high
(850);
Asphaltenes -
high (89.0%);
Xylene - high
(38%); Reserve
stability - ME #3,5,6
High CCAI & medium(13); barrel plunger OCTAMAR
8M.V…..24.02.2019 Ningbo 03.04.2019 Ashphaltine PFIN - high (242) 08.04.2019 stuck BT 25(Prior)

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 9.M.V………….
Suspected Bunker info

Vessel
Name Abnormalities Chemical
Any abnormalities reported from Dosed
Bunker Commenc reported on primary extended Lab Trouble Prior/After
S.No. Rcvd Date Port ed using lab analysis rpeory Analysis date Trouble trouble

CCAI - high
(849);
Asphaltenes -
high (9.9%);
Xylene - high
(56%); Reserve ME #1, 2,
stability - 3, 4 ,5,6 Aderco
medium(6.6); barrel 2055G
M.V. Ashdod High CCAI & PFIN - high plunger prior and
9 …. 23.02.2019 /OPL 04.04.2019 Ashphaltine (145) 16.04.2019 stuck after

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 Ashphaltenes?

Asphaltenes are those components of asphalt that are insoluble

in petroleum naphtha and hot heptane but are soluble in carbon
disulfide and hot benzene. They can be hard and brittle and
made up of large macromolecules of high molecular weight,
consisting of polynuclear hydrocarbon derivatives containing
carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and, usually, the
three heavy metals − nickel, iron and vanadium.

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 CCAI ??

Calculated Carbon Aromaticity

Index is index of Ignition quality
of Residual fuel.

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 Xylene Equivalent ???

Xylene equivalent is an index for evaluating the blending

stability of heavy grade oil and gas oil for viscosity blending, and
so on. As aromatic components in fuel increase, the xylene
equivalent becomes smaller and stability increases; but
combustibility will deteriorate, making it difficult to evaluate fuel
performance. When the xylene equivalent becomes greater than
30, problems are likely to occur. The higher the density of oil,
the greater is the xylene equivalent; the higher the density of oil
the poorer is the blending stability, and it has been suggested
that the probability of sludge deposition also increases.
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 High Xylene Equivalent ???

As per Class NKK - Guidance for Measures to cope with

degraded marine fuels high Xylene equivalence can casue
problems with fuel pumps

DU Technical Information also relates High Xylene equivalence

to problems with fuel pumps

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 How ISO 8217 Standards protect?
According to para 5.1 of ISO 8217: quoted below;

QTE

"5.1 The fuels shall be homogeneous blends of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum
refining.

This shall not preclude the incorporation of small amounts of additives intended to
improve some aspects of performance The fuels shall be free from inorganic acids and
from used lubricating oils.

The fuel should not include any added substance or chemical waste which

a) jeopardizes the safety of ships or adversely affects the performance of the

machinery; or

b) is harmful to personnel; or

c) contributes overall to additional air pollution."

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 How ISO 8217 Standards protect?
What Para 5 does is to provide protection to the
fuel user if the fuel, though it meets the
requirement of Table 1/Table 2, contains
substances, chemical waste, adulteration etc.
which cause machinery problems and machinery
damage and also affects the health of those
dealing with the fuel and adds to additional air
pollution.

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 What are our actions?
We have proposed to & agreed with owners:

Work out with suppliers:

 Possibility of Pre testing of bunker quality before supply addition to

continuous sampling during bunkering.

 Additional warning to suppliers for quality of bunkers at the time of

order with respect to any components/ contaminants found in such
a proportion which can cause engine damage.

 In anticipation of problems with 2020 compliant heavy fuel blends

the fuel should be ordered to comply with ISO 8217-2017 and
PAS.

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 What are our actions?
 Adding treatment chemicals to improve the quality of
bunkers on all supplies of bunkers. Typically it is a cost
of about US 1$/T + logistics
 Detailed analysis of each bunker sample taken during
bunkering. This should include GCMS, Xylene
equivalent test. This has been instructed to Laboratory
 Additional Spares
 Additional Condition Monitoring-Cat Fines Kits/FE BN
Kits on board

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 Main Engine Breakdowns

Most problems faced were due to Fuel quality issues .

Electronics malfunctions

Pneumatic controls malfunction

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 Electronic Malfunctions
Electronic Governor malfunction:

Recently two incidents

Causes: Failures of components of PCBs, PLCs, pick up

sensors malfunction.
Root Causes: Difficult to determine reasons of component
failures. RPM sensors- Preventive maintenance

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 Electronic Malfunctions
Prevention:
1. Good hygiene- Cleaning, blowing out dust
2. Prevent moisture/Salt accumulation
3. Extra attention to electronics installed out of
ECR.- Additional cooling
4. Routine inspections through shore service
5. Do not use unauthorized Flash drives

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 Electronic Malfunctions
Prevention:
6. Use multi meters in correct mode
7. Follow maker’s advise through remote
communication/manuals on board for trouble
shooting.
8. Keep a good record of battery expiry
replacements.

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- Boiler

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- Boiler

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- Boiler

From Boiler Makers:

QTE
By judging inclusively from the current state with the
photograph, this time the probable cause of damage is
judged that it’s an overheat happened as a result that
the water side was covered with fuel oils leaked from
the oil heater, etc. because of having a prominent
reddish brown-colored change of base metal in the
vicinity of a minor leaked tube on the plates forming the
lower tube plates in the oil burning side of the
composite boiler.
UNQTE
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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- Boiler

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- Boiler

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- Boiler

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- Boiler

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- L.O. Cooler

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 Aux Machinery Breakdowns- L.O. Cooler

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Most common Root Cause- M/C Breakdowns

Inadequate maintenance

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 Questions & Feed back?

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 Yash Kumar Chawla
Anglo-Eastern Antwerp NV
14, Sneeuwbaslaan,
2610 Wilrijk, Belgium

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