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METHODS
CERAMICS
FABRICATION
 Presented By
Umer Zeeshan Siddiqui (24380)
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Masoom Ahmed Awan (24348)
Nauman Ali (24405)
 Introduction
- One chief concern in the application of ceramic is fabrication.
- Brittleness of these materials in most instances precludes
deformation.
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Classification - Glass shapes are formed at elevated temperatures from a fluid

Glass
mass that becomes very viscous upon cooling.
- Cements are shaped by placing into forms a fluid paste that
hardens.
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Glass

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 Blowing Glass Forming
- Glass formed by application of pressure.
- Mold is steel with graphite lining
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Glass
 Sheet Glass Forming
- Continuous Casting
- Sheets are formed by floating the molten glass on a pool of molten tin.

Classification
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Glass
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Ceramic Glass

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 Fiber Forming
- Continuous glass fibers are formed in drawing
operation.
- The molten glass is contained in a platinum heating
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chamber.

Glass
- Fibers are formed by drawing the molten glass
through many small orifices at the chamber base.
 Hydro Plastic Forming
- Clay minerals, when mixed with water, become highly plastic
and pliable and may be molded without cracking; however,
they have extremely low yield strengths.
- Stiff plastic ceramic mass is forced through a die orifice
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having the desired cross-sectional geometry.

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- Extruding this mass Brick, Pipe, Ceramic Block and Tiles are
commonly fabricated.
- Dry and fire the formed piece.
 Slip Casting
- A slip (suspension of clay and other minerals in water) is
poured into a porous mold. As water is absorbed into
the mold, a solid layer is deposited on the inside of the
mold wall.
- Art objects, and specialized scientific laboratory ware
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such as ceramic tubes. Dry and fire the casting piece.
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 Tape Casting
- A thin sheet of ceramic of uniform thickness is formed
from a slip that is spread onto a flat surface using a
doctor blade. This tape is then subjected to drying and
firing operations.
- Thin sheet is cast as flexible tape, which is used for
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integrated circuits and capacitors.
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Ceramic Tapes

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 Cementation
-The cement material, when mixed with water, forms a
paste that, after being fashioned into a desired shape,
subsequently hardens as a result of complex chemical
reactions.
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Glass
-The process by which cement hardens is not one of
drying, but rather of hydration in which water actually
participates in a chemical bonding reaction.
Summary
- The processing of ceramics follows the basic steps that
have been used for ages to make clay products.
- The materials are selected, prepared, formed into a
desired shape.

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- The fabrication are classified into three categories

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 Glass Forming (Pressing, Blowing and Drawing)
 Particulate Forming (Hydro Plastic, Slip and Tape Casting)
 Cementation
- Glasses are processed by pouring into molten shape,
working into shape when hot, and then cooling.
- Ceramics has also advanced in clay pottery due to fabrications.
- Hence, ceramics are our window to the future.

Thank You
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