VEKTOR

Oleh:
Drs. BAMBANG SETIAWAN, MM
SMA NEGERI 1 MAJENANG

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 Y
Q
a
α X
P
This write vector PQ or a

P is called the initial point at the origin

Q is called the terminal point

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• A car walk at 60 km/s and direction 30o
south of east. A 80 km/h wind blows it in
the direction 300 west of south.
• What is the car’s resultant velocity?
• Please find solution by your self, ok!

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  The term column vectors :
 3 
1  
a    or AB   5 
  2   2
 
 The term a row vectors
PQ  2, 6 or a  3 , 6 ,  4

The vector write :i, j dan k

example : a = 4i + 6j - k
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 Vector at R2 equals

Vector which at locate a point the

plane or A vector which only had

two components as x and y

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 Y B(x,y)
a

●A(x,y)
X
O
 X 2  X1 
VECTOR AB   
 Y2  Y1 

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 Vector at R3
Is Vector which locate at a point
in 3 - space or three dimension
or
Vector which have
three components
as x, y and z
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 Example :
Coordinate point U at R3 is (x, y, z)
then :
OA = xi; Z
OB = yj C
zk
OC = zk U(x,y,z)
yj
xi
O B Y
A
X

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 Vector position
equals a vector which
Initial point O(0,0)

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 Y Q(3,4) Example:
q R(5,3) Vector position
r Points R(5,3) is
 5
O X OR  r   
 3
Vector posision points Q(3,4) is
OQ  q  3i  4 j

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 Length or norm
of a vector

Denoted defined by the

equation

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 Just now at R2,
 a1 
length a vektor: a   
a2 
Or a = a1i + a2j
Can fond which
theorem Pythagoras

a  a1  a 2
2 2

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 Place at R 3
 x
 
The length a vector: v   y 
z
 
or v = xi + yj + zk
Can fond which
phitagoras theorem

v  x y z 2 2 2

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 8
1. Length a vector: a   
 6
is a  82  62
= 100
= 10
2. Length a vector: v  2i  j - 2k
is v  2  1  (2)
2 2 2

= 9
=3
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 Is a vector which

The length is one

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 From vector a = a1i + a2j+ a3k
Similer with :

a a1i  a 2 j  a3 k
ea  a  e
a1  a 2  a3
a 2 2 2

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 example: Unit Vectors from
vector a = 4i - 3k
equals….
solutions:
a
e 
a a

4i  0 j  3k
e 
a
4 2  (0) 2  (3) 2

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 4i  0 j  3k
e 
a
4 2  (0) 2  (3) 2

4i  3k
ea  5

e  4
5 i k 3
5
a

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 Algebraic VECTOR
1. Equallity of the vectors

2. Addition of the vectors

3. Subtractions of the vectors

4. Multiplication by scalar of a vector

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 Equallity Vector
example:
a = a1i + a2j + a3k and
b = b1i + b2j + b3k
if: a = b , then a1 = b 1
a2 = b2 and
a3 = b 3

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 consider:
A (1, 2, -1) B(3, 0, 2), and
C (5, -2, a + 1)
If at colinear
then the value of a = ....

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 solution:
A , B ,and C at colinear if

AC = k AB , AB =(2, -2, 3)

AC = (4 , -4 , a + 2)

From the value x and y we fond AC= 2 AB

So a +2 = 2 . 3
=a+2=6
= 6 -2
=4

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  a1   b1 
   
a  a2  dan b   b2 
Given that: b 
a   3
 3
if: a + b = c , then a vector
 a1  b1 
 
c   a 2  b2 
a b 
 3 3
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 example

consider: AB  2i  3 j  k

A  3,1,4

Find coordinate of the point?

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 solutions: example B(x,y,z)
AB = OB - OA
 X   3   X  3
     
  Y    1    Y 1 
 Z   4  Z  4 
     

  X  3i  ( y 1) j  ( z  4)k

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 Consider AB= 2i -3j +k , then

x–3=2  x=5
y – 1 = -3  y = -2
z–4=1  z=5

So that B (5 , -2 , 5)

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 a = a1i + a2j + a3k and

b = b1i + b2j + b3k

If : a - b = c , then

c =(a1 – b1)i + (a2 – b2)j + (a3 - b3)k

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 example
Find anordered triple which

representsect 2u –w , if u = (3, -2, 7)

And w = (4, 7, -5).
Solutions :
2u – w = 2(3,-2,7) – (4,7,-5)
=(2, -11, 19)

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 Example 1
Given that the points u = 2i -3j + k and
V = i + 2j +4k. Find the components
vector UV
solution:
UV  v  u
 2   1  1   1 
       
 - 3  -  2     5  thus UV    5 
 1   4    3  
      
  3
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 example2

Given that the point A(3, 1, 2 )

dan B(2,-3,-4).
Find the length a vector AB
(or distance A at B)

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 solutions:
AB  (2 - 3)  (3 1)  (4  2)
2 2 2

AB  (1)  (5)  (3)

2 2 2

AB  53

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  a1 
 
example: a   a 2 
a 
 3
and
k =scalar numbers
 a1   k.a1 
   
if: c = k.a, so c  k  a2    k.a2 
 a   k.a 
 3  3
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 example
0 5
   
given: n   - 5  dan b   2 
3  - 6
   

Vector x which satisfy

a – x = 2 b equals....

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  5   x1   0 
     
2 2    x2     5 
  6  x   3 
   3  

 10   0   10   10 
       
 4     5   9  vector x   9 
  12   3    15    15 
       
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