Aim: Development of micro capacity wind turbine for domestic

applications
Paurush Mishra (1614110648)
Mohit Mehta (1614110663)
Prakhar Singh (1614110671)

Under the Guidance of - Dr. K.B. Sutar

 R E N E WA B L E E N E R G Y I N
INDIA
Renewable energy is an energy collected from all
natural resources like sunlight, wind, hydro, tides,
waves and geothermal heat these resources are
constantly replenished over the time. Renewable
technologies are suited to remote and rural areas
it is an efficient and cheaper energy system.
Renewable energy resources are found over wide
geographical areas. Renewable energy consists of
natural phenomenon such as sunlight, tides,
biomass, solar, geothermal resources, and biofuels.
Renewable energy getting from sun in terms of
solar energy or sunlight can be used for various
domestic applications. Sun’s heat is also responsible
for wind generation and whose energy is capture
from wind turbines. Bioenergy getting from
biomass can be used for producing electricity and
domestic application. Hydrogen can be found in
many organic compounds as well as in water.
 WIND ENERGY

Total renewable energy installed capacity of

India, including all sources is 80.36 GW, out
of which 43% is share of wind energy. In
wind power installation, India has ranked
4th with installed capacity of 35 GW, which
is nearly 7.6% of global installed capacity.
India has the second highest wind capacity
in Asia and is the only Asian country apart
from China to make the list, with a total
capacity of 35GW.
 WIND ENERGY
POTENTIAL IN INDIA

Wind Energy has spread across the South, West and

North regions of India. The potential of wind energy
is concentrated in the states of –
State Total Capacity till 2018 in MW
Tamil Nadu 8,631
Gujarat 6,044
Maharashtra 4,789
Karnataka 4,584
Rajasthan 4,300
Andhra Pradesh 4,007
Madhya Pradesh 2,520
Telangana 128
Kerala 53
Others 4.30
Total 35,060.3

India targeted to achieve 60 GW of power from

wind by 2022
A B O U T M I C R O C A PA C I T Y
WIND TURBINE

According to capacity of power

generation, the wind turbines are
classified as
Scale Power rating

Micro 50 W to 2 KW

Small 2 kW to 40 KW

Medium 40 kW to 999 KW

Large More than 1 MW

Betz Limit

Wind turbine performance is determined

by power coefficient Cp which is the ratio
of power output to the power in the wind

Cpmax = 0.593
 G E N E R ATO R
The generator converts the mechanical power into
electrical power. The generator consists of two basic
parts, a rotor and a stator. Three types of generators
used in horizontal axis wind turbine are DC
generator, synchronous alternator and induction
generator. In the present work a permanent magnet
stepper motor is used because is produces an AC
voltage at minimum rotation of shaft and at low cost
of motor.
Rated Power 130 W

Rated Voltage 48 V DC

Rated RPM 1100 rpm

No. of magnets 12

No. of poles 8

No. of armature coils 12

No. of phases 3

Shaft diameter 12 mm

Rotor Diameter 120 mm

Length of generator 35 mm
P R OT OT Y PE OF B L A DE

Design airfoil INDTH 4412

The INDTH 4412 airfoil is analyzed for different parameters like lift coefficient, drag coefficient, thrust coefficient and
power coefficient and graph bare plotted using Q-Blade software. The simulation is carried out for constant Reynolds
number 822000 and wind speed 12 m/s, for angle of attack 00 to 150 and air density 1.225 kg/m3 also kinematic
viscosity 1.789×10-5 kg/m-s.
PROTOTYPE OF BLADES
Wind average velocity: 4 m/s

Air density: 1.225 Kg/m3

Blade length: 1.1 m

Rotor diameter: 2.36 m

Input power (Pin): ½ ×ρ A V3 =149.01 W

Maximum Pout = 88.9 W

Sr Local Radius r Local Chord Length c

no. (mm) TSR λr (mm)
1 200 1.40 130
2 280 1.96 117
3 360 2.52 96
4 440 3.08 79
5 520 3.64 67
6 600 4.20 57
7 680 4.76 50
8 760 5.32 45
9 840 5.88 40
10 920 6.44 37
11 1100 7 33
 PROTOTYPE OF BLADES
The 2D and 3D CFD simulation for flow
analysis and finding pressure and velocity
variation. This simulation is also gives lift
coefficient and drag coefficient analysis for
each angle of attack range from 0° to 15°.
CFD simulation can predicts the flow
conditions which is very important for
wind turbines. By taking into account of
that flow conditions blade manufacturing
was carried out it is so important that CFD
Solver type Pressure based simulation is done before the
Time Steady
Run calculation Post processing
manufacturing of blade. CFD simulation
Area 1 m2 gives you better AOA range for blade
Density 0.11729 Kg/m3
performance efficiently. CFD simulation
Temperature 300 k
Length 1m consist of Airfoil domain generation, fluid
Enthalpy 23546.47 domain meshing, mesh around airfoil,
Pressure 10100 Pascal
Viscosity 1.7894× 10-5 m2 /s
computational conditions and turbulence
Ratio of specific 1.4 models.
Heat
Velocity formulation Absolute
PROTOTYPE OF GEAR
B OX FO R W I N D T U R B I N E
P = 130 W

Np = 1100 rpm

G=6

Pinion: Material 55C8 (1100 R.P.M)

Number of teeth on pinion = 18

Sut = 700 N/mm2

Hardness = 265 BHN

Wheel: Material 45C8 (185 R.P.M)

Number of teeth on gear=108

Sut = 600N/mm2

Hardness = 229 BHN

Oil lubrication is used in gear box of Wind

Turbine which is splash lubrication system
P ROTOT Y PE O F GEA R B OX
FOR WIND TURBINE
Pressure Angle: 20 degree full depth involute

Module = 1mm

Addendum = 1 mm

Dendendum = 1.2 5 mm

Clearance = 0.25 mm

Working depth = 2mm

Whole depth = 2.25mm

Diameter of pinion = 18mm

Diameter of gear = 108mm

Cage dimension

L * B * H = 17 * 12 * 16
 OPERATION PARAMETERS AND COSTING
Input Power:
Some of the instruments used in measuring the performance
1) Blade length: 1.1 m of wind parameters are:
2) Rotor diameter: 2.36 m Anemometer, Digital Multimeter, Digital Tachometer,
3) Wind average velocity: 4 m/s Thermometer.
4) Air density at 300 K : 1.225 Kg/m3
Input Power = ½ × ρAV3 Sr
Component Specification Costing
= 149.01 Watt .No

Overall Efficiency:
1 Pinion (18teeth) 55C8 Diameter 1.8 cm 250
Overall efficiency is defined as ratio of output to input
power. Overall turbine efficiency is combination of the
2 Gear (108 teeth) 45C8 Diameter 10.8 cm 2800
efficiency of all components.
Cp= ηb × ηm × ηe 3 Housing Weight-2.327 Kg,Volume-0.000296 m3 500
From the Q-Blade simulation average Power coefficient (Cp)
is 0.22 4 Blades 1.1m length 4000

Theoretical power = Cp × Input power 5 Shaft Diameter-12 mm, Length-10cm 770

If we consider according to Maximum Betz limit then Cp
value is 0.593 6 Bearing Deep Groove Ball Bearing 1500

Max. Theoretical power= 88.9 Watt 7 Lubrication Silicon Lubrication 600

 A P P L I C AT I O N S
Our prototype can be implemented in rural
areas as well as in almost all places with good
wind potential to generate free energy. We see
many places are far off from electricity grid
supply to reach out, in such cases our
prototype could be very helpful in providing
electricity whether it is used for purposes like
domestic lighting, agricultural help or for kid's
education .Micro capacity wind turbines are of
one time installation and requires very low
maintenance. It can be easy placed at altitude
between 50-80m, at rooftop of schools and
houses directly . Also our prototype can be
coupled with PV Solar for hybrid electricity
generation which gives more electricity in less
space and same time .Farmers could install
such units on their field to ease up agricultural
processes like sprinkling water and crop
dusting.
 CONCLUSION
As per the recent market research there is no companies who manufactures the micro-capacity wind turbines so there is
great opportunity to create a new segment of wind turbines in India.
There are various aspects which affect the performance of a micro capacity wind turbine, location and environmental
condition including wind speed and temperature. In fact, airfoil is also an important aspect. Some of the key highlights
observed from the experimentation are as follows:
The modified set up has an average power generation capacity of about 88.9W, which is sufficient to support a small
household.
The expected Rated power is 2kw.
Continuous electricity generated via storing the generated power in the battery.
This set up works perfectly well for wind velocities of 4 m/s and above, which is predominant in our area of concern, i.e.,
in and around Pune.
It can therefore be deduced that by using a gear arrangement and an appropriate generator, we can enhance the power
generation capacity of the wind turbine and make it suitable for use in domestic applications.
The low cost of manufacturing and installation of the wind turbine set up makes it economically viable and suitable for
commercial exploitation.